Fri·Nov 26, 2021Friday·November 26, 2021

1. 01*

   Exotic Higgs Decays

   Maria Cepeda🇪🇸 · Stefania Gori🇺🇸 · Verena Martinez Outschoorn🇺🇸 · Jessie Shelton🇺🇸

   Exotic decays of the Standard Model-like Higgs boson into beyond-the-Standard Model particles are predicted in a wide range of well-motivated theories. The enormous samples of Higgs bosons that have been and will be produced at the Large Hadron Collider thus constitute one of the key discovery opportunities at that facility, particularly in the upcoming high-statistics high-luminosity run. Here we review recent theoretical work on models that predict or accommodate exotic Higgs decays, the status of current experimental searches, and look forward to future capabilities at dedicated Higgs factories and beyond.

   hep-phhep-ex61 citations
2. 02*

   Exploring the effects of Scalar Non Standard Interactions on the CP violation sensitivity at DUNE

   Abinash Medhi🇮🇳 · Debajyoti Dutta🇮🇳 · Moon Moon Devi🇮🇳

   The Neutrino oscillations have provided an excellent opportunity to study new-physics beyond the Standard Model, popularly known as BSM. The unknown couplings involving neutrinos, termed non-standard interactions (NSI), may appear as `new-physics' in different neutrino experiments. The neutrino NSI offers significant effects on neutrino oscillations and CP-sensitivity, which may be probed in various neutrino experiments. The idea of neutrinos coupling with a scalar has evolved recently and looks promising. The effects of scalar NSI may appear as a perturbation to the neutrino mass matrix in the neutrino Hamiltonian. It modifies the neutrino mass matrix and may provide a direct possibility of probing neutrino mass models. As the scalar NSI affects the neutrino mass matrix in the Hamiltonian, its effect is energy independent. Moreover, the matter effects due to scalar NSI scales linearly with the matter density. In this work, we have performed a model-independent study of the effects of scalar NSI at long baseline neutrino experiments, taking DUNE as a case study. We have performed such a thorough study for DUNE for the first time. Various neutrino parameters may get affected due to the inclusion of scalar NSI as it modifies the effective mass matrix of neutrinos. We have explored the impact of scalar NSI in neutrino oscillations and its impact on the measurements of various mixing parameters. We have probed the effects of scalar NSI on different oscillation channels relevant to the experiment. We have also explored the impact of various possible elements in the scalar NSI term on the CP-violation sensitivity at DUNE.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2022)·39 citations
3. 03*

   Electric dipole moments of baryons with bottom quarks

   Y. Ünal🇹🇷 · D. Severt🇩🇪 · J. de Vries🇳🇱 · C. Hanhart🇩🇪 · Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪

   Triggered by experimental prospects to measure electromagnetic dipole moments of baryons containing a bottom quark, we calculate the CP-odd electric dipole moments (EDMs) of spin-1/2 single-bottom baryons. We consider CP-violating dimension-six operators in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory that involve bottom quarks, and apply heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory to compute the EDMs of several baryons. We discuss the expected size of the EDMs for beyond-the-Standard Model physics appearing at the TeV scale.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thPRD(2022)·7 citations
4. 04*

   Perturbative heavy quark contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon

   P. D. Kennedy🇩🇪 · J. Erler🇩🇪 · H. Spiesberger🇩🇪

   We discuss a method for calculating the heavy quark vacuum polarisation contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment, $a_{\mu }$, using perturbative QCD. This approach is independent of $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ cross-section data allowing a fully theoretical evaluation of these contributions. We confirm an existing result at lower orders in ${\alpha }_s$ and state a new explicit analytic formula which includes terms up to $\mathcal{O}\left({\alpha }_s^3\right)$. Numerically the charm quark contribution to $a_{\mu }$ is found to be $a_{\mu }^c=(14.5\pm 0.2)\times 10^{-10}$ and the bottom contributes $a_{\mu }^b=(0.302\pm 0.002)\times 10^{-10}$. Our uncertainty estimates include both parametric uncertainties from ${\hat{m}}_q({\hat{m}}_q)$ and ${\alpha }_s({\hat{m}}_q)$, and theoretical uncertainties in the perturbative expansion. Comparison is made between these results and alternative approaches such as lattice QCD or those based on a dispersion relation and cross-section data.

   hep-ph5 citations
5. 05*

   T-violating effect in ${\nu }_{\tau }({\bar{\nu }}_{\tau })-$nucleon quasielastic scattering

   A. Fatima🇮🇳 · M. Sajjad Athar🇮🇳 · S. K. Singh🇮🇳

   The production cross sections and polarization observables of the $\tau$ leptons produced in the $|\Delta S|=0$ and $1$ induced ${\nu }_{\tau }({\bar{\nu }}_{\tau })-N$ quasielastic scattering have been studied. The effect of T violation, in the case of $\Delta S=0$ and 1 processes, and the SU(3) symmetry breaking effects, in the case of $\Delta S=1$ processes, on the total scattering cross sections as well polarization observables are explored. Experimentally, it would be possible to observe these effects in the forthcoming (anti)neutrino experiments like DUNE, SHiP and DsTau.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thSciPost Phys.Proc.(2025)·1 citation
6. 06*

   Predestined Dark Matter Varieties in the Simplest Left-Right Model

   Talal Ahmed Chowdhury🇧🇩 · Shaaban Khalil🇪🇬 · Ernest Ma🇺🇸

   In the simplest left-right extension of the Standard Model of particle interactions with one scalar bidoublet and one $SU(2{)}_R$ triplet for seesaw Majorana neutrino masses, the addition of a variety of fermion and scalar multiplets automatically makes them stable (predestined) dark matter candidates. We discuss the interplay of this dark ensemble in relic abundance and direct searches.

   hep-phNPB(2022)·1 citation
7. 07*

   Neutrino Tomography of the Earth with ORCA Detector

   F. Capozzi🇺🇸 · S. T. Petcov🇮🇹

   Using PREM as a reference model for the Earth density distribution we investigate in the present article the sensitivity of the ORCA detector to deviations of the Earth i) outer core (OC) density, ii) inner core (IC) density, iii) total core density, and iv) mantle density, from their respective PREM densities. The analysis is performed by studying the effects of the Earth matter on the oscillations of atmospheric ${\nu }_{\mu }$, ${\nu }_e$, ${\bar{\nu }}_{\mu }$ and ${\bar{\nu }}_e$. We present results which, in particular, illustrate the dependence of the ORCA sensitivity to the OC, IC, core and mantle densities on the type of systematic uncertainties used in the analysis, on the value of the atmospheric neutrino mixing angle ${\theta }_{23}$, on whether the Earth mass constraint is implemented or not, and on the way it is implemented, and on the type - with normal ordering (NO) or inverted ordering (IO) - of the light neutrino mass spectrum. We show, in particular, that in the "most favorable" NO case of implemented Earth mass constraint, "minimal" systematic errors and ${\sin }^2{\theta }_{23}=0.58$, ORCA can determine, e.g., the OC (mantle) density at $3\sigma$ C.L. after 10 years of operation with an uncertainty of (-18\%)/+15\% (of (-6\%)/+8\%). In the "most unfavourable" NO case of "conservative" systematic errors and ${\sin }^2{\theta }_{23}=0.42$, the uncertainty reads (-43\%)/+39\% ((-17\%/+20\%), while for for ${\sin }^2{\theta }_{23}=0.50$ and 0.58 it is noticeably smaller: (-37)\%/+30\% and (-30\%)/+24\% ((-13\%)/+16\% and (-11\%/+14\%)). We find also that the sensitivity of ORCA to the outer core, core and mantle densities is significantly worse for IO neutrino mass spectrum.

   hep-phEPJC(2022)·19 citations
8. 08*

   Electroweak baryogenesis in aligned two Higgs doublet models

   Kazuki Enomoto🇯🇵 · Shinya Kanemura🇯🇵 · Yushi Mura🇯🇵

   We evaluate the baryon number abundance based on the charge transport scenario of top quarks in the CP-violating two Higgs doublet model, in which Yukawa interactions are aligned to avoid dangerous flavor changing neutral currents, and coupling constants of the lightest Higgs boson with the mass $125\mathrm{GeV}$ coincide with those in the standard model at tree level to satisfy the current LHC data. In this model, the severe constraint from the electric dipole moment of electrons, which are normally difficult to be satisfied, can be avoided by destructive interferences between CP-violating phases in Yukawa interactions and scalar couplings in the Higgs potential. Viable benchmark scenarios are proposed under the current available data and basic theoretical bounds. We find that the observed baryon number can be reproduced in this model, where masses of additional Higgs bosons are typically $300$--$400\mathrm{GeV}$. Furthermore, it is found that the triple Higgs boson coupling is predicted to be $35$--$55\%$ larger than the standard model value.

   hep-phJHEP(2022)·55 citations
9. 09*

   Vector boson fusion topology and simplified models for dark matter searches at colliders

   Santiago Duque-Escobar🇨🇴 · Daniel Ocampo-Henao🇨🇴 · José D. Ruiz-Álvarez🇨🇴

   In this paper we study the possible searches at colliders using Vector Boson Fusion topology in the context of Simplified Models signatures. We examine the possible physics reach of these searches with regard to monojet-type searches, and determine how these two signatures are complementary.

   hep-phJHEP(2023)·1 citation
10. 10*

    Higgs production in the high-energy limit of pQCD

    Francesco Giovanni Celiberto🇮🇹 · Michael Fucilla🇮🇹 · Dmitry Yu. Ivanov🇷🇺 · Mohammed Maher Abdelrahim Mohammed🇮🇹 · Alessandro Papa🇮🇹

    With the advent of TeV-energy colliding machines, such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the possibility has opened up to test predictions of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and, more in general, of the Standard Model (SM), in new, and so far unexplored, kinematical regimes. Among the many reactions that can be investigated at LHC, the Higgs production is one of the most important and challenging for the entire high-energy physics Community. Beside usual studies in the Higgs sector, it has recently been highlighted how differential Higgs distributions can be effectively used as ``stabilizers'' of the high-energy dynamics of QCD. The definition and the study of observables sensitive to high-energy dynamics in Higgs production has the double advantage of (i) allowing us to clearly disentangle the high-energy dynamics from the fixed-order one and (ii) providing us with an auxiliary tool to extend Higgs studies in wider kinematical regimes. In this work, we will show how a general hybrid collinear/high energy factorization can be built up for the inclusive production of a Higgs in association with a jet. Then, we will present some phenomenological analyses that corroborate the underlying assumption that this reaction can be used to investigate the semi-hard regime of QCD. Finally, we will focus on more formal developments, such as the inclusion of subleading corrections to previous studies, via the calculation of the forward next-to-leading order Higgs impact factor.

    hep-phPoS(2022)·26 citations
11. 11*

    Primordial black holes as a probe of strongly first-order electroweak phase transition

    Katsuya Hashino🇨🇳 · Shinya Kanemura🇯🇵 · Tomo Takahashi🇯🇵

    Primordial black holes can be produced by density fluctuations generated from delayed vacuum decays of first-order phase transition. The primordial black holes generated at the electroweak phase transition have masses of about $10^{-5}$ solar mass. Such primordial black holes in the mass range can be tested by current and future microlensing observations, such as Subaru HSC, OGLE, PRIME and Roman telescope. Therefore, we may be able to explore new physics models with strongly first-order electroweak phase transition via primordial black holes. We examine this possibility by using models with first-order electroweak phase transition in the standard model effective field theory with dimension 6 and 8 operators. We find that depending on parameters of the phase transition a sufficient number of primordial black holes can be produced to be observed by above mentioned experiments. Our results would suggest that primordial black holes can be used as a new probe of models with strongly first-order electroweak phase transition, which has complementarity with measurements of the triple Higgs boson coupling at future collider experiments and observations of gravitational waves at future space-based interferometers.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPLB(2022)·95 citations
12. 12*

    Neutrino propagation when mass eigenstates and decay eigenstates mismatch

    Dibya S. Chattopadhyay🇮🇳 · Kaustav Chakraborty🇮🇳 · Amol Dighe🇮🇳 · Srubabati Goswami🇮🇳 · S. M. Lakshmi🇵🇱

    We point out that the Hermitian and anti-Hermitian components of the effective Hamiltonian for decaying neutrinos cannot be simultaneously diagonalized by unitary transformations for all matter densities. We develop a formalism for the two-flavor neutrino propagation through matter of uniform density, for neutrino decay to invisible states. Employing a resummation of the Zassenhaus expansion, we obtain compact analytic expressions for neutrino survival and conversion probabilities, to first and second order in the "mismatch parameter" $\bar{\gamma }$.

    hep-phPRL(2022)·30 citations
13. 13*

    Searching for stop LSP at the LHC

    Essodjolo Kpatcha🇪🇸 · Iñaki Lara🇵🇱 · Daniel E. López-Fogliani🇦🇷 · Carlos Muñoz🇪🇸 · Natsumi Nagata🇯🇵 · Hidetoshi Otono🇯🇵

    We analyze relevant signals expected at the LHC for a stop as the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). The discussion is carried out in the framework of the $\mu \nu$SSM, where the presence of $R$-parity violating couplings involving right-handed neutrinos solves the $\mu$-problem and reproduces neutrino data. The stops are pair produced at the LHC, decaying with displaced vertices to a lepton and a bottom quark or a neutrino and a top quark. We compare the predictions of this scenario with ATLAS and CMS searches for long-lived particles. To analyze the parameter space we sample the $\mu \nu$SSM for a stop LSP using a likelihood data-driven method, and paying special attention to reproduce the current experimental data on neutrino and Higgs physics, as well as flavor observables. Our results translate into a lower limit on the mass of the left (right) stop LSP of 1068 GeV (1341 GeV), corresponding to a decay length of 1.86 mm (6.61 mm).

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2022)·7 citations
14. 14*

    Mono-chromatic single photon events at the muon collider

    Massimo Casarsa🇮🇹 · Marco Fabbrichesi🇮🇹 · Emidio Gabrielli🇮🇹

    The cross section for lepton pair annihilation into a photon and a dark photon or an axion-like particle is constant for large center-of-mass energies because some of the portal operators coupling Standard Model and dark sector are proportional to the energy. Feebly coupled though they are, these portal operators will be enhanced by the large center-of-mass energy made available by a muon collider and thus provide the ideal example of possible physics beyond the Standard Model to be studied with such a machine. We discuss the characteristic signature of the presence of these operators: mono-chromatic single photon events for the two benchmarks of having center-of-mass energies of 3 and 10 TeV and integrated luminosity of, respectively, 1 and 10 ab${}^{-1}$. We find that an effective scale of the portal operator as large as $\Lambda =112$ TeV for an axion-like particle and $\Lambda =141$ TeV for a dark photon can be separated from the background with a confidence level of 95% in the first benchmark; these interaction scales can be raised to $\Lambda =375$ TeV and $\Lambda =459$ TeV in the case of the second benchmark. The signal for the pseudo scalar particle can be distinguished from that of the spin-1 with about 500 events. The response of the detector to high-energy photons is examined.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·28 citations
15. 15*

    Probing cosmic strings by reconstructing polarization rotation of the cosmic microwave background

    Weichen Winston Yin (1)🇺🇸 · Liang Dai (1)🇺🇸 · Simone Ferraro (1 and 2) ((1) University of California, Berkeley, (2) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)🇺🇸

    Cosmic birefringence -- the rotation of the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons as they travel to the Earth -- is a smoking gun for axion-like particles (ALPs) that interact with the photon. It has recently been suggested that topological defects in the ALP field called cosmic strings can cause polarization rotation in quantized amounts that are proportional to the electromagnetic chiral anomaly coefficient $\mathcal{A}$, which holds direct information about physics at very high energies. In this work, we study the detectability of a random network of cosmic strings through estimating rotation using quadratic estimators (QEs). We show that the QE derived from the maximum likelihood estimator is equivalent to the recently proposed global-minimum-variance QE; the classic Hu-Okamoto QE equals the global-minimum-variance QE under special conditions, but is otherwise still nearly globally optimal. We calculate the sensitivity of QEs to cosmic birefringence from string networks, for the Planck satellite mission, as well as for third- and fourth-generation ground-based CMB experiments. Using published binned rotation power spectrum derived from the Planck 2015 polarization data, we obtain a constraint ${\mathcal{A}}^2{\xi }_0<0.93$ at the 95\% confidence level, where ${\xi }_0$ is the total length of strings in units of the Hubble scale per Hubble volume, for a phenomenological but reasonable string network model describing a continuous distribution of string sizes. Looking forward, experiments such as the Simons Observatory and CMB-S4 will either discover or falsify the existence of an ALP string network for the theoretically plausible parameter space ${\mathcal{A}}^2{\xi }_0\gtrsim 0.01$.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2022)·26 citations
16. 16*

    Dark Matter-admixed Rotating White Dwarfs as Peculiar Compact Objects

    H-S. Chan🇨🇳 · M-C. Chu🇨🇳 · S-C. Leung🇺🇸

    The discoveries of anomalous compact objects challenge our understanding of the standard theory of stellar structures and evolution. They serve as an excellent laboratory to search for new physics. Earlier studies on spherically symmetric dark matter-admixed compact stars could explain a handful of anomalies. In this paper, we investigate the observational signatures of dark matter (DM)-admixed rotating white dwarfs and make connections to observed peculiar white dwarfs. We compute the equilibrium structures of DM-admixed rotating white dwarfs using a self-consistent, two-fluid method, with the DM component being a non-rotating degenerate fermi gas. We find that the admixture of DM in rotating white dwarfs could: (1) account for some peculiar white dwarfs that do not follow their usual mass-radius relation, (2) allow the existence of stable, rapid-rotating white dwarfs that are free from thermonuclear runaway, which could explain some anomalous x-ray pulsars/soft gamma-ray repeaters, and (3) produce universal $I$ (moment of inertia)-Love (tidal Love number)-$Q$ (quadrupole moment) relations that span bands above those without DM admixture, thus providing an indirect way to search for DM in white dwarfs through gravitational-wave detection. DM-admixed rotating white dwarfs can account for some peculiar compact objects. Our results suggest a systematic approach to account for unusual compact objects that could be discovered by upcoming surveys.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRhep-phApJ(2022)·9 citations
17. 17*

    A GREAT model comparison against the cosmological constant

    Rubén Arjona🇪🇸 · Llorenc Espinosa-Portales🇪🇸 · Juan García-Bellido🇪🇸 · Savvas Nesseris🇪🇸

    Recently, a covariant formulation of non-equilibrium phenomena in the context of General Relativity was proposed in order to explain from first principles the observed accelerated expansion of the Universe, without the need for a cosmological constant, leading to the GREA theory. Here, we confront the GREA theory against the latest cosmological data, including type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, Hubble rate data from the cosmic chronometers and the recent $H_0$ measurements. We perform Markov Chain Monte Carlo analyses and a Bayesian model comparison, by estimating the evidence via thermodynamic integration, and find that when all the aforementioned data are included, but no prior on $H_0$, the difference in the log-evidence is $\sim -9$ in favor of GREA, thus resulting in overwhelming support for the latter over the cosmological constant and cold dark matter model ($\Lambda$CDM). When we also include priors on $H_0$, either from Cepheids or the Tip of the Red Giant Branch measurements, then due to the tensions with CMB data the GREA theory is found to be statistically equivalent with $\Lambda$CDM.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPhys.Dark Univ.(2022)·21 citations
18. 18*

    Warm Dark Matter Constraints Using Milky-Way Satellite Observations and Subhalo Evolution Modeling

    Ariane Dekker🇳🇱 · Shin'ichiro Ando🇳🇱 · Camila A. Correa🇳🇱 · Kenny C.Y. Ng🇨🇳

    Warm dark matter (WDM) can potentially explain small-scale observations that currently challenge the cold dark matter (CDM) model, as warm particles suppress structure formation due to free-streaming effects. Observing small-scale matter distribution provides a valuable way to distinguish between CDM and WDM. In this work, we use observations from the Dark Energy Survey and PanSTARRS1, which observe 270 Milky-Way satellites after completeness corrections. We test WDM models by comparing the number of satellites in the Milky Way with predictions derived from the Semi-Analytical SubHalo Inference ModelIng (SASHIMI) code, which we develop based on the extended Press-Schechter formalism and subhalos' tidal evolution prescription. We robustly rule out WDM with masses lighter than 4.4 keV at 95% confidence level for the Milky-Way halo mass of $10^{12}{M}_{\odot }$. The limits are a weak function of the (yet uncertain) Milky-Way halo mass, and vary as $m_{\mathrm{WDM}}>3.6$-$5.1$ keV for $(0.6$-$2.0)\times 10^{12}{M}_{\odot }$. For the sterile neutrinos that form a subclass of WDM, we obtain the constraints of $m_{{\nu }_s}>11.6$ keV for the Milky-Way halo mass of $10^{12}{M}_{\odot }$. These results based on SASHIMI do not rely on any assumptions of galaxy formation physics or are not limited by numerical resolution. The models, therefore, offer a robust and fast way to constrain the WDM models. By applying a satellite forming condition, however, we can rule out the WDM mass lighter than 9.0 keV for the Milky-Way halo mass of $10^{12}{M}_{\odot }$.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2022)·98 citations
19. 19*

    Formation of a supergiant quantum vortex in a relativistic Bose-Einstein condensate driven by rotation and a parallel magnetic field

    Tao Guo🇨🇳 · Jianing Li🇨🇳 · Chengfu Mu🇨🇳 · Lianyi He🇨🇳

    Analysis based on the energy spectrum of noninteracting bosons shows that, under the circumstance of parallel rotation and magnetic field, charged bosons form a Bose-Einstein condensate because of the lift of the Landau level degeneracy by rotation [\textcolor{blue}{Y. Liu and I. Zahed, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf120}, 032001 (2018)}]. In this work, we study the interaction effect on the ground state of this Bose-Einstein condensate of charged bosons from the viewpoint of spontaneous symmetry breaking. We employ a minimal model for charged bosons with repulsive self-interaction. We find that the ground state of such a Bose-Einstein condensate is a supergiant quantum vortex, i.e., a quantized vortex with a large circulation. The size of the vortex is as large as the system size. The low-energy dispersion of the excitation spectra exhibits quadratic behavior, which is an anisotropic realization of the type-II Goldstone boson. Our study may give some implications to off-central relativistic heavy ion collisions, where large vorticity and magnetic fields can be generated.

    ↳ nucl-thcond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.supr-conhep-phPRD(2022)·13 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.