Thu·Oct 28, 2021Thursday·October 28, 2021

1. 01*

   Pion Fragmentation Functions at High Energy Colliders

   Ignacio Borsa🇦🇷 · Daniel de Florian🇦🇷 · Rodolfo Sassot🇦🇷 · Marco Stratmann🇩🇪

   We revisit the description of pion production in proton-proton collisions in the light of the very precise data taken at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) over the past decade. First attempts to include LHC results in next-to-leading order global QCD analyses of parton-to-pion fragmentation functions insinuated some conflict between data sets at different center-of-mass system energies. We show that the data can be well described within their uncertainties by a consistent set of pion fragmentation functions once the theoretical scale dependence is taken into account in the global QCD analysis.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·39 citations
2. 02*

   Leading and higher twist transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions in the spectator model

   Xiao Liu🇨🇳 · Wenjuan Mao🇨🇳 · Xiaoyu Wang🇨🇳 · Bo-Qiang Ma🇨🇳

   Transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions, also abbreviated as TMDs, offer a three-dimensional picture of hadrons by taking the intrinsic transverse momentum of the parton into consideration. Hence, they are very important for us to understand the structure of hadrons. In this article, we calculate and summarize all TMDs of quark through the spectator model, from twist-2 to twist-4. Especially, we give complete results of TMDs at twist-4. We adopt a general analytical framework to calculate TMDs, with both scalar and axial-vector spectators being considered. All TMDs are calculated analytically in the light-cone coordinate, and single gluon rescattering is considered to generate T-odd TMDs. T-even TMDs are also calculated to this level, maybe for the first time. Different from the traditional point of view, the twist-4 TMDs can contribute to some physical observables like azimuthal asymmetries. An approximate formula of the Sivers asymmetry, including twist-4 TMDs, is given.

   hep-phPRD(2021)·15 citations
3. 03*

   On the modeling of $t\bar{t}{W}^{\pm }$ signatures at the LHC

   Manfred Kraus🇺🇸

   We discuss our recent progress on improving the theoretical description of the $pp\to t\bar{t}{W}^{\pm }$ process with particular focus on fiducial signatures that include top-quark decays. We employ a wide range of techniques from parton shower matching, narrow width approximation to full off-shell computations to assess the importance of the different modeling approaches.

   hep-phSciPost Phys.Proc.(2022)·0 citations
4. 04*

   Electromagnetic form factors of baryons in nuclear medium

   G. Ramalho🇧🇷 · K. Tsushima🇧🇷 · J.P.B.C. de Melo🇧🇷

   The electromagnetic structure of the baryons is modified in the nuclear medium. The modifications can be inferred from the comparison between the electromagnetic form factors in medium with the respective form factor in vacuum. Of particular interest is the ratio between the electric and magnetic form factors in medium ($G_E^{\ast }/G_M^{\ast }$) and vacuum ($G_E/G_M$) of the octet baryon. The deviation of the double ratios ($G_E^{\ast }/G_M^{\ast })/(G_E/G_M)$ from unity measures the impact of the medium modification of the electromagnetic structure in a nuclear medium. Measurements of the double ratios $(G_E^{\ast }/G_M^{\ast })/(G_E/G_M)$ for different nuclear densities may become available in a near future using the polarization-transfer method developed at Jefferson Lab. We present estimates of the double ratios of octet baryons based on a covariant constituent quark model, which takes into account pion cloud excitations of the baryon cores,for different nuclear densities. Our results manifest different features, namely, enhancement or quenching depending on the baryon flavor content.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+1PoS(2022)·1 citation
5. 05*

   The top quark chromomagnetic dipole moment in the SM from the 4-body vertex function

   J. Montano-Dominguez🇲🇽 · F. Ramirez-Zavaleta🇲🇽 · E. S. Tututi🇲🇽 · E. Urquiza-Trejo🇲🇽

   A new proposal to compute the anomalous chromomagnetic dipole moment of the top quark, ${\hat{\mu }}_t$, in the Standard Model is presented. On the basis of the 5-dimensional effective Lagrangian operator that characterizes the quantum-loop induced chromodipolar vertices $gt\bar{t}$ and $ggt\bar{t}$, the ${\hat{\mu }}_t$ anomaly is derived via radiative correction at the 1-loop level from the non-Abelian 4-body vertex function $ggt\bar{t}$. We evaluate ${\hat{\mu }}_t(s)$ as a function of the energy scale $s=\pm E^2$, for $E=[10,1000]$ GeV, taking into account the running of the quark masses and alpha strong through the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ scheme. In particular, we find that at the typical energy scale $E=m_Z$ for high-energy physics, similarly to ${\alpha }_s(m_Z^2)$, $\alpha (m_Z^2)$ and $s_W(m_Z^2)$, the spacelike evaluation yields ${\hat{\mu }}_t(-m_Z^2)$ $=$ $-0.025$$+$$0.00384i$ and the timelike ${\hat{\mu }}_t(m_Z^2)$ $=$ $-0.0318$$-$$0.0106i$. This Re${\hat{\mu }}_t(-m_Z^2)$ $=$ $-0.025$ from $ggt\bar{t}$ is even closer to the experimental central value ${\hat{\mu }}_t^{\mathrm{Exp}}=$ $-0.024$, than that coming from the known 3-body vertex function $gt\bar{t}$, $-0.0224$. Once again, the Im${\hat{\mu }}_t(-m_Z^2)$ part is due to the contribution of virtual charged currents, just like in the $gt\bar{t}$ case. We can infer that the spacelike prediction is the favored one.

   hep-phJ.Phys.G(2023)·6 citations
6. 06*

   Search for the charmed baryonium and dibaryon structures via the QCD sum rules

   Xiu-Wu Wang🇨🇳 · Zhi-Gang Wang🇨🇳

   In the present work, we construct eight six-quark currents to study the ${\Sigma }_c{\bar{\Sigma }}_c$ baryonium and ${\Sigma }_c{\Sigma }_c$ dibaryon states via the QCD sum rules. For either ${\Sigma }_c{\bar{\Sigma }}_c$ baryonium or ${\Sigma }_c{\Sigma }_c$ dibaryon states, we construct four currents with the $J^P=1^{-},1^{+},0^{+}$ and $0^{-}$. Except the current $1^{+}$ of ${\Sigma }_c{\Sigma }_c$, we find the Borel windows for the other seven. There are two possible ${\Sigma }_c{\bar{\Sigma }}_c$ molecular states or compact six-quark states with the $J^P=1^{-}$ and $0^{-}$. The results of the current $0^{+}$ of ${\Sigma }_c{\Sigma }_c$ show a possible ${\Sigma }_c{\Sigma }_c$ molecular state with $20$ MeV binding energy. We find two ${\Sigma }_c{\bar{\Sigma }}_c$ baryonium resonances states with the $J^P=1^{+},0^{+}$ and two ${\Sigma }_c{\Sigma }_c$ dibaryon resonances states with the $J^P=0^{-},1^{-}$, respectively. Pole residues of the seven states are also calculated.

   hep-phAdv.High Energy Phys.(2022)·15 citations
7. 07*

   Particle dark matter density and entropy production in the early universe

   Arnab Chaudhuri🇷🇺 · Maxim Yu. Khlopov🇷🇺 · Shiladitya Porey🇷🇺

   Dark Matter (DM) density is reduced if entropy production takes place after DM particles abundance is frozen out in the early universe. We study a possibility of such reduction due to entropy production in the electroweak phase transition (EWPT). We compare scenarios of entropy production in the standard model (SM) and its simplest extension, the two-Higgs doublet model (2HDM). Assuming the EWPT is of second order in the SM scenario and the first order in the 2HDM, we calculate the entropy release in these scenarios and the corresponding dilution of preexisting DM density in the early universe. We find the effect of dilution in EWPT significant for confrontation with observations of any form of possible DM (including primordial black holes (PBHs)), which is frozen out, decoupled, frozen in, or formed before EWPT.

   hep-phastro-ph.COSymmetry(2022)·6 citations
8. 08*

   Possible $P$- wave $D_s{\bar{D}}_{s0}(2317)$ molecular state $Y^{{}^{\prime }}(4274)$

   Hong Qiang Zhu🇨🇳 · Yin Huang🇨🇳

   Stimulated by the measurement of the $J\psi \varphi$ decay model of $Y(4274)$ by the LHCb Collaboration, we consider a possible interpretation of this state as a hadron molecular-a bound state of $D_s$ and ${\bar{D}}_{s0}(2317)$ mesons. Using effective Lagrangian approach, we calculate the two-body strong decay channels $Y(4274)\to J/\psi \varphi ,{\chi }_{c0}\eta ,{\chi }_{c0}\eta ,D_s^{\ast }{\bar{D}}_s$, $D{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$, $K{\bar{K}}^{\ast }$, and $\varphi \varphi$ through hadronic loops and three-body decays into ${\pi }^0{D}_s{\bar{D}}_s$. In comparison with the LHCb data, our results show that $Y(4274)$ cannot be assigned to be a $D_s{\bar{D}}_{s0}(2317)$ molecular state. The calculated partial decay widths with $J^P=1^{+}$ $D_s{\bar{D}}_{s0}$ molecular state picture indicates that allowed decay modes, ${\chi }_{c0}\eta$ and ${\chi }_{c1}\eta$, may have the smallest branching ratio and are of the order of 0.0 MeV. Future experimental measurements of such two processes can be quite useful to test the different interpretations of the $Y(4274)$. If $P-$wave $D_s{\bar{D}}_{s0}$ molecular exist [we marked as $Y^{{}^{\prime }}(4274)$], the total decay is at the order of 1.06-1.84 MeV, which seems to be within the reach of the current experiments such as Belle II. In addition, the calculated partial decay widths indicate that allowed decay mode, $D{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$, may have the biggest branching ratio. The experimental measurements for this strong decay process could be a crucial to observe such a new state $Y^{{}^{\prime }}(4274)$.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·11 citations
9. 09*

   Physics reach of the ESSnuSB experiment

   Monojit Ghosh🇭🇷

   ESSnuSB is a unique future proposed long-baseline experiment in Sweden to study neutrino oscillation by probing the second oscillation maximum. In this proceeding, we update the flux and efficiencies and re-calculate the sensitivity of ESSnuSB in the standard three flavour scenario. We find that it has excellent sensitivity to the Dirac CP phase ${\delta }_{\mathrm{CP}}$, moderate sensitivity to the mass hierarchy of the neutrinos and limited sensitivity to measure the octant of the atmospheric mixing angle ${\theta }_{23}$. We also find that it has a very good sensitivity to constrain the atmospheric mass squared difference $|\Delta m_{31}^2|$.

   hep-phhep-exJ.Phys.Conf.Ser.(2021)·1 citation
10. 10*

    Incomplete electromagnetic response of hot QCD matter

    Zeyan Wang🇨🇳 · Jiaxing Zhao🇨🇳 · Carsten Greiner🇩🇪 · Zhe Xu🇨🇳 · Pengfei Zhuang🇨🇳

    The electromagnetic response of hot QCD matter to decaying external magnetic fields is investigated. We examine the validity of Ohm's law and find that the induced electric current increases from zero and relaxes towards the value from Ohm's law. The relaxation time is larger than the lifetime of the external magnetic field for the QCD matter in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The lower than expected electric current significantly suppresses the induced magnetic field and makes the electromagnetic response incomplete. We demonstrate the incomplete electromagnetic response of hot QCD matter by calculations employing the parton transport model combined with the solution of Maxwell's equations. Our results show a strong suppression by two orders of magnitude in the magnetic field, relatively to calculations assuming the validity of Ohm's law. This may undermine experimental efforts to measure magnetic-field-related effects in heavy-ion collisions.

    hep-phnucl-thPRC(2022)·57 citations
11. 11*

    The importance of multiple scatterings in medium-induced gluon radiation

    Carlota Andres🇫🇷 · Fabio Dominguez🇪🇸 · Marcos Gonzalez Martinez🇪🇸

    In this work we disentangle the underlying physical picture of the in-medium gluon radiation process across its different energy regimes by comparing the recently obtained fully-resummed -- without any further approximations -- BDMPS-Z in-medium emission spectrum with the extensively used analytical approaches. We observe that in the high-energy regime the radiation process is dominated by a single hard scattering, while in the intermediate-energy region coherence effects among multiple scatterings are crucial. Finally, we prove that in the low-energy regime the dynamics is again controlled by a single scattering but where one must include a suppression factor accounting for the probability of not having any further scatterings.

    hep-phnucl-thSciPost Phys.Proc.(2022)·0 citations
12. 12*

    Freeze-in Dark Matter Through Forbidden Channel in $U(1{)}_{B-L}$

    Partha Konar🇮🇳 · Rishav Roshan🇮🇳 · Sudipta Show🇮🇳

    We examine a scenario for freeze-in production of dark matter, which occurs due to the large thermal correction to the mass of a decaying mediator particle present in the thermal bath of the early Universe. We show that the decays, which are kinematically forbidden otherwise, can open up at very high temperatures and dominate the dark matter production. We explore such forbidden production of dark matter in the minimal $U(1{)}_{B-L}$ model, comparing dark matter phenomenology in the context of forbidden frozen-in with the standard picture.

    hep-phJCAP(2022)·16 citations
13. 13*

    Large triple Higgs couplings in the 2HDM at $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders

    F. Arco🇪🇸 · S. Heinemeyer🇪🇸 · M.J. Herrero🇪🇸

    Within the framework of the $\mathcal{C}\mathcal{P}$ conserving Two Higgs Doublet Models (2HDM) type I and II we investigate the di-Higgs production at future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders in order to find effects coming from triple Higgs couplings. We define and explore some benchmark planes that show large values of these couplings, still in agreement with all the relevant theoretical and experimental constraints. Within those planes two production channels are considered: $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to h_i{h}_{j}Z$ and $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to h_i{h}_j\nu \bar{\nu }$, with $h_i{h}_j=hh,HH\mathrm{and}AA$. We discuss on the sensitivity to ${\kappa }_{\lambda }:={\lambda }_{hhh}/{\lambda }_{hhh}^{\mathrm{SM}}$ and ${\lambda }_{hhH}$ in the $hh\nu \bar{\nu }$ production and to ${\lambda }_{hHH}$ (${\lambda }_{hAA}$) in the $HH\nu \bar{\nu }$ ($AA\nu \bar{\nu }$) production at CLIC 3 TeV via the cross section distribution on the invariant mass of the final-state Higgs-pair.

    hep-phPoS(2022)·1 citation
14. 14*

    Robustness of ARS Leptogenesis in Scalar Extensions

    Oliver Fischer🇬🇧 · Manfred Lindner🇩🇪 · Susan van der Woude🇩🇪

    Extensions of the Standard Model (SM) with sterile neutrinos are well motivated from the observed oscillations of the light neutrinos and they have shown to successfully explain the Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe (BAU) through, for instance, the so-called ARS leptogenesis. Sterile neutrinos can be added in minimal ways to the SM, but many theories exist where sterile neutrinos are not the only new fields. Such theories often include scalar bosons, which brings about the possibility of further interactions between the sterile neutrinos and the SM. In this paper we consider an extension of the SM with two sterile neutrinos and one scalar singlet particle and investigate the effect that an additional, thermalised, scalar has on the ARS leptogenesis mechanism. We show that in general the created asymmetry is reduced due to additional sterile neutrino production from scalar decays. When sterile neutrinos and scalars are discovered in the laboratory, our results will provide information on the applicability of the ARS leptogenesis mechanism.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·5 citations
15. 15*

    Production of Chern-Simons bosons in decays of mesons

    Yuliia Borysenkova🇺🇦 · Pavlo Kashko🇺🇦 · Mariia Tsarenkova🇺🇦 · Kyrylo Bondarenko🇮🇹 · Volodymyr Gorkavenko🇺🇦

    We consider the effective interaction of quarks with a new GeV-scale vector particle that couples to electroweak gauge bosons by the so-called effective Chern-Simons interaction. We call this particle the Chern-Simons (CS) boson. We construct an effective Lagrangian of the CS boson interaction with quarks of two different flavors. This interaction is given by a divergent loop diagram, however, it turns out that the divergent part is equal to zero as a consequence of the CKM matrix unitarity in the SM. Therefore, we are able to predict the effective interaction of the CS boson with quarks of different flavors without introducing new unknown parameters to the model, using only parameters of the initial effective Lagrangian. Our result shows that the effective interaction of the CS boson with down-type quarks is sufficiently stronger compared with up-type quarks. Based on our results, we give a prediction for the production of CS bosons in mesons decays. Branching fractions were obtained for the main reactions of the CS production in meson decays. The results obtained will be useful for searching for the long-lived GeV-scale CS boson in intensity frontier experiments.

    hep-phJ.Phys.G(2022)·6 citations
16. 16*

    Automatic extraction of one-loop Wilson coefficients in general BSM scenarios using MARTY-1.4

    G. Uhlrich🇫🇷 · F. Mahmoudi🇫🇷 · A. Arbey🇫🇷

    We present a fully automated procedure providing an easy way to perform, systematically, phenomenological analyses in flavor physics for general BSM scenarios. This procedure relies on MARTY-1.4, is model independent and requires as input only the Lagrangian of the theory. Once the Lagrangian has been defined, tree-level and one-loop Wilson coefficients can be calculated symbolically by MARTY, from which flavor observables can be computed numerically by available software programs. We focus in particular on $b\to s\gamma$ and the recently updated $b\to s{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ observables which are in tension with the SM, and present a general procedure to extract the relevant one-loop coefficients, such as $C_7$, $C_7^{\prime }$, $C_9$ and $C_{10}$.

    hep-phPoS(2022)·9 citations
17. 17*

    Heavy quarks in the early stage of high energy nuclear collisions at RHIC and LHC: Brownian motion versus diffusion in the evolving Glasma

    Pooja · Santosh K. Das🇮🇳 · Lucia Oliva🇮🇹 · Marco Ruggieri🇨🇳

    We study the transverse momentum, $p_T$, broadening of charm and beauty quarks in the early stage of high energy nuclear collisions. We aim to compare the diffusion in the evolving Glasma fields with that of a standard, Markovian-Brownian motion in a thermalized medium with the same energy density of the Glasma fields. The Brownian motion is studied via Langevin equations with diffusion coefficients computed within perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics. We find that for small values of the saturation scale, $Q_s$, the average $p_T$ broadening in the two motions is comparable, that suggests that the diffusion coefficient in the evolving Glasma fields is in agreement with the perturbative calculations. On the other hand, for large $Q_s$ the $p_T$ broadening in the Langevin motion is smaller than that in the Glasma fields. This difference can be related to the fact that heavy quarks in the latter system experience diffusion in strong, coherent gluon fields that leads to a faster momentum broadening due to memory, or equivalently to a strong correlation in the transverse plane.

    hep-phnucl-thEur.Phys.J.Plus(2022)·42 citations
18. 18*

    Gravitational Baryogenesis and Dark Matter from Light Black Holes

    Nolan Smyth🇺🇸 · Lillian Santos-Olmsted🇺🇸 · Stefano Profumo🇺🇸

    We study a scenario in which the baryon asymmetry is created through Hawking radiation from primordial black holes via a dynamically-generated chemical potential. This mechanism can also be used to generate the observed dark matter abundance, regardless of whether or not the black holes fully evaporate. In the case that evaporation ceases, the observed dark matter abundance is generically comprised of both relic black holes and an asymmetric dark matter component. We show that this two-component dark matter scenario can simultaneously account for the observed baryon asymmetry and the cosmological dark matter, a possibility which evades constraints on either individual candidate.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJCAP(2022)·41 citations
19. 19*

    TauRunner: A Public Python Program to Propagate Neutral and Charged Leptons

    Ibrahim Safa🇺🇸 · Jeffrey Lazar🇺🇸 · Alex Pizzuto🇺🇸 · Oswaldo Vasquez🇺🇸 · Carlos A. Argüelles🇺🇸 · Justin Vandenbroucke🇺🇸

    In the past decade IceCube's observations have revealed a flux of astrophysical neutrinos extending to $10^7\mathrm{GeV}$. The forthcoming generation of neutrino observatories promises to grant further insight into the high-energy neutrino sky, with sensitivity reaching energies up to $10^{12}\mathrm{GeV}$. At such high energies, a new set of effects becomes relevant, which was not accounted for in the last generation of neutrino propagation software. Thus, it is important to develop new simulations which efficiently and accurately model lepton behavior at this scale. We present TauRunner a PYTHON-based package that propagates neutral and charged leptons. TauRunner supports propagation between $10\mathrm{GeV}$ and $10^{12}\mathrm{GeV}$. The package accounts for all relevant secondary neutrinos produced in charged-current tau neutrino interactions. Additionally, tau energy losses of taus produced in neutrino interactions is taken into account, and treated stochastically. Finally, TauRunner is broadly adaptable to divers experimental setups, allowing for user-specified trajectories and propagation media, neutrino cross sections, and initial spectra.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-exComput.Phys.Commun.(2022)·29 citations
20. 20*

    A $\nu$ scalar in the early universe and $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$

    Jia Liu🇨🇳 · Navin McGinnis🇨🇦 · Carlos E.M. Wagner🇺🇸 · Xiao-Ping Wang🇨🇳

    We investigate a concrete scenario of a light scalar with a mass around 1 MeV which can be connected to the origin of neutrino masses and simultaneously survive current bounds on relativistic degrees of freedom in the early universe. In particular we show that a feeble coupling to the Standard Model neutrinos can relax the stringent bounds on the decays to photons inferred from the measured value of $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$. Interestingly, we find that such a scalar whose diphoton coupling is generated by a tree-level coupling to the muon of similar strength as that of the Standard Model Higgs boson can simultaneously explain the long-standing discrepancy in the measured value of the muon magnetic moment. We present a possible ultraviolet completion of this scenario providing a link between new physics in the early universe and the generation of neutrino masses.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEPRD(2022)·5 citations
21. 21*

    Isotope dependence of muon decay in orbit

    Julian Heeck🇺🇸 · Robert Szafron🇺🇸 · Yuichi Uesaka🇯🇵

    The decay ${\mu }^{-}\to e^{-}{\bar{\nu }}_e{\nu }_{\mu }$ of a muon that is bound to a nucleus poses an unavoidable background for experiments such as Mu2e, COMET, and DeeMe searching for lepton-flavor-violating ${\mu }^{-}\to e^{-}$ conversion and thus requires a precise understanding. We calculate the electron-energy spectra of muon decays in orbit near the electron energy endpoint for all stable isotopes and estimate uncertainties due to the nuclear charge distribution. Our results enable background studies of mixed or enriched target materials that are necessary for the next generation of ${\mu }^{-}\to e^{-}$ conversion experiments.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·16 citations
22. 22*

    Finite-density QCD, $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$ symmetry, and dual algorithms

    Moses A. Schindler · Stella T. Schindler · Michael C. Ogilvie🇺🇸

    Finite-density QCD and many other field theories with sign problems have a $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-type symmetry. After a brief introduction to $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric field theories, a real dual representation for $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric scalar field theories with complex actions is derived. We show that $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric field theories can exhibit exotic behavior, including sinusoidally modulated propagators, disorder lines, and spatially inhomogeneous pattern-forming phases. We discuss the interplay of duality, $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetry and pattern formation using a ${\varphi }^4$ model and $Z(N)$ spin model with sign problems as examples. These behaviors may occur in finite-density QCD and related models.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPoS(2022)·7 citations
23. 23*

    Regularisation in Nonperturbative Extensions of Effective Field Theory

    Curtis D. Abell🇦🇺 · Derek B. Leinweber🇦🇺 · Anthony W. Thomas🇦🇺 · Jia-Jun Wu🇨🇳

    The process of renormalisation in nonperturbative Hamiltonian Effective Field Theory (HEFT) is examined in the $\Delta$-resonance scattering channel. As an extension of effective field theory incorporating the Lüscher formalism, HEFT provides a bridge between the infinite-volume scattering data of experiment and the finite-volume spectrum of energy eigenstates in lattice QCD. HEFT also provides phenomenological insight into the basis-state composition of the finite-volume eigenstates via the state eigenvectors. The Hamiltonian matrix is made finite through the introduction of finite-range regularisation. The extent to which the established features of this regularisation scheme survive in HEFT is examined. In a single-channel $\pi N$ analysis, fits to experimental phase shifts withstand large variations in the regularisation parameter, $\Lambda$, providing an opportunity to explore the sensitivity of the finite-volume spectrum and state composition on the regulator. While the Lüscher formalism ensures the eigenvalues are insensitive to $\Lambda$ variation in the single-channel case, the eigenstate composition varies with $\Lambda$; the admission of short distance interactions diminishes single-particle contributions to the states. In the two-channel $\pi N$, $\pi \Delta$ analysis, $\Lambda$ is restricted to a small range by the experimental data. Here the inelasticity is particularly sensitive to variations in $\Lambda$ and its associated parameter set. This sensitivity is also manifest in the finite-volume spectrum for states near the opening of the $\pi \Delta$ scattering channel. Finally, HEFT has the unique ability to describe the quark-mass dependence of the finite-volume eigenstates. The robust nature of this capability is presented and used to confront current state-of-the-art lattice QCD calculations.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thPRD(2022)·21 citations
24. 24*

    Gravitational leptogenesis in teleparallel and symmetric teleparallel gravities

    Mingzhe Li🇨🇳 · Yicen Mou🇨🇳 · Haomin Rao🇨🇳 · Dehao Zhao🇨🇳

    In this paper, we consider the possibilities of generating baryon number asymmetry in thermal equilibrium within the frameworks of teleparallel and symmetric teleparallel gravities. Through the derivative couplings of the torsion scalar or the non-metricity scalar to baryons, the baryon number asymmetry is indeed produced in the radiation dominated epoch. For gravitational baryogenesis mechanisms in these two frameworks, the produced baryon-to-entropy ratio is too small to be consistent with observations. But the gravitational leptogenesis models within both frameworks have the possibilities to interpret the observed baryon-antibaryon asymmetry.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phCPC(2022)·4 citations
25. 25*

    An exact model for evaporating primordial black holes in cosmological space-time

    Semin Xavier (IITB)🇮🇳 · Alan Sunny (CUTN)🇮🇳 · S. Shankaranarayanan (IITB)🇮🇳

    Primordial black holes (PBHs) in the mass range $10^{17}-10^{23}\mathrm{gm}$ are considered as possible dark matter candidates as they are not subject to big-bang nucleosynthesis constraints and behave like cold dark matter. If PBHs are indeed dark matter, they cannot be treated as isolated objects in asymptotic flat space-time. Furthermore, when compared to stellar-mass black holes, the rate at which the Hawking particles radiate out from PBHs is significantly faster. In this work, we obtain an exact time-dependent solution that models evaporating black holes in the cosmological background. As a result, the solution considers all three aspects of PBHs -- mass-loss due to Hawking radiation, black hole surrounded by mass distribution, and cosmological background. Furthermore, our model predicts that the decay of PBHs occurs faster for larger masses; however, \emph{the decay rate reduces for lower mass}. Finally, we discuss the implications of theoretical constraints on PBHs as dark matter.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPRD(2022)·12 citations
26. 26*

    The Grenoble Axion Haloscope platform (GrAHal): development plan and first results

    Thierry Grenet🇫🇷 · Rafik Ballou🇫🇷 · Quentin Basto🇫🇷 · Killian Martineau🇫🇷 · Pierre Perrier🇫🇷 · Pierre Pugnat🇫🇷 · Jérémie Quevillon🇫🇷 · Nicolas Roch🇫🇷 · Christopher Smith🇫🇷

    In this note we report on the development plans and first results of the Grenoble Axion Haloscope (GrAHal) project. It is aimed at developing a haloscope platform dedicated to the search for axion dark matter particles. We discuss its general framework and the plans to reach the sensitivity required to probe well known invisible axion models, over particularly relevant axion masses and coupling regions. We also present our first haloscope prototype and the result of its test run at liquid He temperature, setting a new exclusion limit $g_{a\gamma \gamma }\le 2.2\times 10^{-13}{\text{GeV}}^{-1}$ ($g_{a\gamma \gamma }\le 22\times g_{\text{KSVZ}}$) around 6.375 GHz ($m_a\simeq 26.37$ $\mu \text{eV}$).

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph83 citations
27. 27*

    Gravitational Waves at Strong Coupling from an Effective Action

    Fëanor Reuben Ares🇫🇮 · Oscar Henriksson🇫🇮 · Mark Hindmarsh🇫🇮 · Carlos Hoyos🇪🇸 · Niko Jokela🇫🇮

    Using a holographic derivation of a quantum effective action for a scalar operator at strong coupling, we compute quasi-equilibrium parameters relevant for the gravitational wave signal from a first order phase transition in a simple dual model. We discuss how the parameters of the phase transition vary with the effective number of degrees of freedom of the dual field theory. Our model can produce an observable signal at LISA if the critical temperature is around a TeV, in a parameter region where the field theory has an approximate conformal symmetry.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRL(2022)·46 citations
28. 28*

    Gluon Parton Distribution of the Pion and Nucleon from Lattice QCD

    Zhouyou Fan🇺🇸 · Huey-Wen Lin🇺🇸

    We present the $x$-dependent nucleon and pion gluon distribution from lattice QCD using the pseudo-PDF approach, on lattice ensembles with $2+1+1$ flavors of highly improved staggered quarks (HISQ), generated by MILC Collaboration. We use clover fermions for the valence action and momentum smearing to achieve pion boost momentum up to 2.56~GeV on three lattice spacings $a\approx 0.9,0.12$ and 0.15~fm and three pion masses $M_{\pi }\approx 220$, 310 and 690~MeV. We compare our pion and preliminary nucleon gluon results with the determination by global fits.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thPoS(2022)·5 citations
29. 29*

    Studying the QGP with Jets at the LHC and RHIC

    Leticia Cunqueiro🇫🇷 · Anne M. Sickles🇺🇸

    We review the current status of jet measurements in heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We discuss how the current measurements provide information about the quark-gluon plasma and discuss near future opportunities at both RHIC and the LHC.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-phPPNP(2022)·194 citations
30. 30*

    An introduction to Goldstone boson physics and to the coset construction

    Daniel Naegels🇧🇪

    These lecture notes are based on a six-hour series of lectures given at the XVII Modave summer school in mathematical physics, aimed at Ph.D. students in high-energy theoretical physics. The manuscript starts by briefly stating Goldstone's theorem and emphasises the motivations behind Goldstone physics; the main asset being the universality of spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) which is the fundamental hypothesis of Goldstone's theorem. Once the different notions of SSB will be clarified/reviewed, Goldstone's theorem will be stated and proved. A prediction of this theorem is the existence of gapless particles, called Nambu-Goldstone modes (NG modes). From the discussion on Goldstone's results, some aspects of the NG modes will emerge. Besides to be gapless, they are systematically weakly coupled at low energy. Therefore, an effective field theory (EFT) building tool called ``coset construction'' will be presented to explicitly display these specific features of the NG modes. The coset construction suits our goal since it is mainly based on the symmetry realisation of the perturbed theory around the background inducing SSB. From the general obtained EFT, a counting rule for the NG modes will be derived. The limitations of this rule as well as the still ongoing generalisation will be discussed (e.g. spacetime symmetry breaking). The tools developed during this course will be illustrated with a concrete example in physics: ferromagnetism. The notes end with a brief state of the art of Goldstone physics. This provides some directions into which the interested reader could investigate to expand his knowledge on the subject. N.B.: No prerequisites are required beside the standard courses of a Master in theoretical physics.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.otherhep-phmath-ph+121 citations
31. 31*

    Tetraquark channels with $\bar{b}b$ pair in the static limit

    Mitja Sadl🇸🇮 · Sasa Prelovsek🇸🇮

    Belle experiment discovered two hadrons with exotic quark content $Z_b^{+}\simeq \bar{b}b\bar{d}u$. We present a lattice study of the $\bar{b}b\bar{d}u$ systems with various quantum numbers using static bottom quarks. Only one set of quantum numbers that couples to $Z_b$ and ${\rm Y}\pi$ was explored on the lattice before: these studies found an attractive potential between $B$ and ${\bar{B}}^{\ast }$ which leads to a bound state below the threshold. In the present study, we consider the other three sets of quantum numbers. Eigen-energies of the $\bar{b}b\bar{d}u$ system are extracted as a function of separation between $b$ and $\bar{b}$. The resulting eigen-energies do not show any sizable deviation from non-interacting energies of the systems $\bar{b}b+\bar{d}u$ and $\bar{b}u+\bar{d}b$, so no significant attraction or repulsion is found. A slight exception is a small attraction between $B$ and ${\bar{B}}^{\ast }$ at small distance for the quantum number that couples to $Z_b$ and ${\eta }_b\rho$.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPoS(2022)·2 citations
32. 32*

    Amplification of Primordial Perturbations from the Rise or Fall of the Inflaton

    Keisuke Inomata🇺🇸 · Evan McDonough🇨🇦 · Wayne Hu🇺🇸

    The next generation of cosmic microwave background, gravitational wave, and large scale structure, experiments will provide an unprecedented opportunity to probe the primordial power spectrum on small scales. An exciting possibility for what lurks on small scales is a sharp rise in the primordial power spectrum: This can lead to the formation of primordial black holes, providing a dark matter candidate or the black holes observed by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration. In this work we develop a mechanism for the amplification of the small-scale primordial power spectrum, in the context of single-field inflation with a step-like feature in the inflaton potential. Specifically, we consider both the upward and the downward step in the potential. We also discuss the possibility of the strong coupling between perturbations because the rapid changes of the potential derivatives with the time-dependent field value, caused by the step-like feature, could make the coupling stronger. As a result, we find that the perturbations can remain weakly coupled yet sufficiently enhanced if the step realizes the rapid changes of the potential derivatives in some fraction of an e-fold, $\mathcal{O}({\mathcal{P}}_{\mathcal{R}}^{1/2})\lesssim \Delta N<1$, where ${\mathcal{P}}_{\mathcal{R}}$ is the power spectrum of the curvature perturbation at that time. We also discuss the PBH formation rate from the inflaton trapping at the local minimum, which can occur in the potential with an upward step.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thJCAP(2022)·86 citations
33. 33*

    Memory-triggered supernova neutrino detection

    Mainak Mukhopadhyay🇺🇸 · Zidu Lin🇺🇸 · Cecilia Lunardini🇺🇸

    We demonstrate that observations of the gravitational memory from core collapse supernovae at future Deci-Hz interferometers enable time-triggered searches of supernova neutrinos at Mt-scale detectors. Achieving a sensitivity to characteristic strains of at least $\sim 10^{-25}$ at $f\simeq 0.3$ Hz -- e.g., by improving the noise of DECIGO by one order of magnitude -- will allow robust time triggers for supernovae at distances $D\sim 40-300$ Mpc, resulting in a nearly background-free sample of $\sim 3-70$ neutrino events per Mt per decade of operation. This sample would bridge the sensitivity gap between rare galactic supernova bursts and the cosmological diffuse supernova neutrino background, allowing detailed studies of the neutrino emission of supernovae in the local Universe.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEgr-qchep-phPRD(2022)·19 citations
34. 34*

    de Sitter Microstates from $T\bar{T}+{\Lambda }_2$ and the Hawking-Page Transition

    Evan Coleman🇺🇸 · Edward A. Mazenc🇺🇸 · Vasudev Shyam🇺🇸 · Eva Silverstein🇺🇸 · Ronak M Soni🇺🇸 · Gonzalo Torroba🇦🇷 · Sungyeon Yang🇺🇸

    We obtain microstates accounting for the Gibbons-Hawking entropy in $d{S}_3$, along with a subleading logarithmic correction, from the solvable $T\bar{T}+{\Lambda }_2$ deformation of a seed CFT with sparse light spectrum. The microstates arise as the dressed CFT states near dimension $\Delta =c/6$, associated with the Hawking-Page transition; they dominate the real spectrum of the deformed theory. We exhibit an analogue of the Hawking-Page transition in de Sitter. Appropriate generalizations of the $T\bar{T}+{\Lambda }_2$ deformation are required to treat model-dependent local bulk physics (subleading at large central charge) and higher dimensions. These results add considerably to the already strong motivation for the continued pursuit of such generalizations along with a more complete characterization of $T\bar{T}$ type theories, building from existing results in these directions.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJHEP(2022)·134 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.