Fri·Oct 1, 2021Friday·October 1, 2021

1. 01*

   BEST Impact on Sterile Neutrino Hypothesis

   Vladislav Barinov🇷🇺 · Dmitry Gorbunov🇷🇺

   Recently the Baksan Experiment on Sterile Transitions (BEST) has presented results confirming the gallium anomaly -- a lack of electron neutrinos ${\nu }_e$ at calibrations of SAGE and GALLEX -- at the statistical significance exceeding 5$\sigma$. This result is consistent with explanation of the gallium anomaly as electron neutrino oscillations into sterile neutrino, ${\nu }_s$. Within this explanation the BEST experiment itself provides the strongest evidence for the sterile neutrino among all the previous anomalous results in the neutrino sector. We combine the results of gallium experiments with searches for sterile neutrinos in reactor antineutrino experiments (assuming CPT-conservation in the $3+1$ neutrino sector). While the "gallium" best fit point in the model parameter space (sterile neutrino mass squared $m_{{\nu }_s}^2\approx 1.25$eV${}^2$, sterile-electron neutrino mixing ${\sin }^{2}2\theta \approx 0.34$) is excluded by these searches, a part of the BEST-favored 2$\sigma$ region with $m_{{\nu }_s}^2>5$eV${}^2$ is consistent with all of them. Remarkably, the regions advertised by anomalous results of the NEUTRINO-4 experiment overlap with those of the BEST experiment: the best fit point of the joint analysis is ${\sin }^{2}2\theta \approx 0.38$, $m_{{\nu }_s}^2\approx 7.3$eV${}^2$, the favored region will be explored by the KATRIN experiment. The sterile neutrino explanation of the BEST results would suggest not only the extension of the Standard Model of particle physics, but also either serious modifications of the Standard Cosmological Model and Solar Model, or a specific modification of the sterile sector needed to suppress the sterile neutrino production in the early Universe and in the Sun.

   hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exPRD(2022)·44 citations
2. 02*

   Light-shining-through-wall axion detection experiments with a stimulating laser

   K. A. Beyer🇬🇧 · G. Marocco🇬🇧 · R. Bingham🇬🇧 · G. Gregori🇬🇧

   The collision of two real photons can result in the emission of axions. We investigate the performance of a modified light-shining-through-wall (LSW) axion search aiming to overcome the large signal suppression for axion masses $m_a\ge 1\text{eV}$. We propose to utilise a third beam to stimulate the reconversion of axions into a measurable signal. We thereby find that with currently available high-power laser facilities we expect bounds at axion masses between $0.5-6\text{eV}$ reaching $g_{a\gamma \gamma }\ge 10^{-7}{\text{GeV}}^{-1}$. Combining the use of optical lasers with currently operating x-ray free electron lasers, we extend the mass range to $10-100\text{eV}$.

   hep-phPRD(2022)·25 citations
3. 03*

   Resonance axial-vector mass from experiments on neutrino-hydrogen and neutrino-deuterium scattering

   I.D. Kakorin🇷🇺 · K.S. Kuzmin🇷🇺

   We analyze all available experimental data on the ${\nu }_{\mu }$ and ${\overline{\nu }}_{\mu }$ total and differential cross sections of charged-current single pion production through the decay of intermediate nucleon and baryon resonances measured on hydrogen and deuterium targets in the accelerator experiments at ANL, BNL, FNAL, and CERN. These data are used to determine the current "resonance" axial-vector mass of the nucleon and to fine-tune the nonresonance non-interfering background contribution which described within the Rein-Sehgal approach. For this analysis, we revise the phenomenological model and the experimental dataset for the fits, modify the method of likelihood analysis compared to the previous study. The obtained model parameters coming in combination with a revised strategy for the normalization of the BW distributions are slightly different from the values used by default.

   hep-phPRD(2021)·6 citations
4. 04*

   Cosmological Constraints on First-Order Phase Transitions

   Yang Bai🇺🇸 · Mrunal Korwar🇺🇸

   First-order phase transitions exist in many models beyond the Standard Model and can generate detectable stochastic gravitational waves for a strong one. Using the cosmological observables in big bang nucleosynthesis and cosmic microwave background, we derive constraints on the phase transition temperature and strength parameter in a model-independent way. For a strong phase transition, we find that the phase transition temperature should be above around 2 MeV for both reheating photon and neutrino cases. For a weak one with the temperature below 1 MeV, the phase transition strength parameter is constrained to be smaller than around 0.1. Implications for using a first-order phase transition to explain the NANOGrav observed gravitational wave signal are also discussed.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2022)·68 citations
5. 05*

   Semiclassical analysis of axion-assisted and axion-driven pair production

   Hiroyuki Kitamoto🇯🇵 · Masaki Yamada🇯🇵

   We study the pair production of fermions in a time dependent axion background with and without an electric background. We construct the adiabatic mode functions which incorporate the gauge field and the axion velocity dependence of the dispersion relation. The semiclassical approach using this adiabatic basis shows two types of pair production. One is axion-assisted pair production: the presence of the axion velocity gives enhancement and interference effects on the pair production driven by the electric field. The other is axion-driven pair production: the time variation of the axion velocity causes the pair production even though the electric field is absent.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2022)·6 citations
6. 06*

   Heavy-quark spin polarization induced by the Kondo effect in a magnetic field

   Daiki Suenaga🇯🇵 · Yasufumi Araki🇯🇵 · Kei Suzuki🇯🇵 · Shigehiro Yasui🇯🇵

   We propose a new mechanism of the heavy-quark spin polarization (HQSP) in quark matter induced by the Kondo effect under external magnetic field. The Kondo effect is caused by a condensate between a heavy and a light quark called the Kondo condensate leading to a mixing of the heavy and light quark spins. Thus the HQSP is driven through the Kondo effect from light quarks coupling with the magnetic field in quark matter. For demonstration, we employ the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio type model under a magnetic field, and investigate the HQSP within the linear response theory with vertex corrections required by the $U(1{)}_{\mathrm{EM}}$ electromagnetic gauge invariance. As a result, we find that the HQSP arises significantly with the appearance of the Kondo effect. Our findings are testable in future sign-problem-free lattice simulations.

   hep-phhep-latnucl-thPRD(2022)·6 citations
7. 07*

   Axial vector current anomaly problem without regularization in Dyson scheme

   Shou-Shan Bao🇨🇳 · Shi-Yuan Li🇨🇳 · Zong-Guo Si🇨🇳

   The loop momenta of a single Feynman diagram in momentum space can be assigned unambiguously within the 'Dyson scheme' without referring to the other Feynman diagrams in the complete set to some order of coupling constant for the certain process. This fact and the scheme which were provided in Dyson's original paper are applied to a typical relevant problem, i.e., the triangle diagrams of the 'axial vector current anomaly'. The calculation is done in four-dimension Minkowski space-time straightforwardly without the aid of any regularization. The linearly divergent terms are canceled sans incertitude. The logarithmically divergent symmetric integration (tensor integration) is investigated for obtaining the consistent and gauge invariant result.

   hep-ph1 citation
8. 08*

   Testing sterile neutrino mixing with present and future solar neutrino data

   Kim Goldhagen🇩🇪 · Michele Maltoni🇪🇸 · Shayne Reichard🇩🇪 · Thomas Schwetz🇩🇪

   We investigate the sensitivity of solar neutrino data to mixing of sterile neutrinos with masses $\gtrsim$ eV. For current data, we perform a Feldman-Cousins analysis to derive a robust limit on the sterile neutrino mixing. The solar neutrino limit excludes significant regions of the parameter space relevant to hints from reactor and radioactive gallium source experiments. We then study the sensitivity of upcoming solar neutrino data, most notably elastic neutrino-electron scattering in the DARWIN and DUNE experiments as well as coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering in DARWIN. These high precision measurements will increase the sensitivity to sterile neutrino mixing by about a factor of 4.5 compared to present limits. As a by-product, we introduce a simplified solar neutrino analysis using only four data points: the low- and high-energy ${\nu }_e$ survival and transition probabilities. We show that this simplified analysis is in excellent agreement with a full solar neutrino analysis; it is very easy to handle numerically and can be applied to any new physics model in which the energy dependence of the ${\nu }_e$ transition probabilities is not significantly modified.

   hep-phhep-exEPJC(2022)·63 citations
9. 09*

   HL-LHC Computing Review Stage-2, Common Software Projects: Event Generators

   The HSF Physics Event Generator WG: Efe Yazgan🇹🇼 · Josh McFayden🇬🇧 · Andrea Valassi🇨🇭 · Simone Amoroso🇩🇪 · Enrico Bothmann🇩🇪 · Andy Buckley🇬🇧 · John Campbell🇺🇸 · Gurpreet Singh Chahal🇬🇧 · Taylor Childers🇺🇸 · Gloria Corti🇨🇭 · Rikkert Frederix🇸🇪 · Stefano Frixione🇮🇹 and 25 other authors

   This paper has been prepared by the HEP Software Foundation (HSF) Physics Event Generator Working Group (WG), as an input to the second phase of the LHCC review of High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) computing, which is due to take place in November 2021. It complements previous documents prepared by the WG in the context of the first phase of the LHCC review in 2020, including in particular the WG paper on the specific challenges in Monte Carlo event generator software for HL-LHC, which has since been updated and published, and which we are also submitting to the November 2021 review as an integral part of our contribution.

   hep-phhep-exphysics.comp-ph17 citations
10. 10*

    Direct detection of Sub-GeV Dark Matter via 3-body Inelastic Scattering Process

    Wei Chao🇨🇳 · Mingjie Jin🇨🇳 · Ying-Quan Peng🇨🇳

    Direct detection of Sub-GeV dark matter (DM) is challenging because the recoil energy of the nuclei or electron from the elastic scattering of a sub-GeV DM off the target can hardly reach the detector threshold. In this paper, we present a new direct detection strategy for sub-GeV DM via the three-body inelastic scattering process, $\chi +\chi +\mathrm{SM}\to \eta +\mathrm{SM}$, where $\chi$ is DM candidate and $\eta$ is either a DM composite state or any dark radiation. This process is common for a large class of DM models without presuming particular thermal history in the early Universe. The typical signature from this process is almost a monoenergetic pulse signal where the recoil energy comes from either the binding energy or the consumed DM particle. We show that detectable DM mass range can be effectively enlarged compared to the elastic scattering process.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·9 citations
11. 11*

    On soft gluon resummation for associated single top production with a Higgs boson at the LHC

    Anna Kulesza🇩🇪 · Laura Moreno Valero🇩🇪 · Vincent Theeuwes🇩🇪

    We investigate threshold resummation of soft gluon corrections for the s-channel process of a single top quark production in association with a Higgs boson in the Standard Model. We choose to work in the three-particle invariant mass kinematics in direct QCD, i.e. in the space of Mellin moments. Our results take into account terms of up to next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) precision, as well as $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s)$ non-logarithmic terms which do not vanish at threshold. After presenting analytical expressions we discuss the corresponding numerical results for the total cross section and the invariant mass distributions at the LHC.

    hep-phEur.Phys.J.Plus(2023)·2 citations
12. 12*

    Electric dipole moments at one-loop in the dimension-6 SMEFT

    Jonathan Kley🇩🇪 · Tobias Theil🇩🇪 · Elena Venturini🇩🇪 · Andreas Weiler🇩🇪

    In this paper we present the complete expressions of the lepton and neutron electric dipole moments (EDMs) in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT), up to 1-loop and dimension-6 level and including both RG running contributions and finite corrections. The latter play a fundamental role in the cases of operators that do not renormalize the dipoles, but there are also classes of operators for which they provide an important fraction, $10-20\%$, of the total 1-loop contribution, if the new physics scale is around $\Lambda =5$ TeV. We present the full set of bounds on each individual Wilson coefficient contributing to the EDMs using both the current experimental constraints, as well as those from future experiments, which are expected to improve by at least an order of magnitude.

    hep-phEPJC(2022)·77 citations
13. 13*

    Testing leptogenesis at the LHC and future muon colliders: a $Z^{\prime }$ scenario

    Wei Liu🇨🇳 · Ke-Pan Xie🇺🇸 · Zihan Yi🇨🇳

    If the masses of at least two generations of right-handed neutrinos (RHNs) are near-degenerate, the scale of leptogenesis can be as low as $\sim$ 100 GeV. In this work, we study probing such resonant leptogenesis in the $B-L$ model at the LHC and future multi-TeV muon colliders via the process $Z^{\prime }\to NN\to {\ell }^{\pm }{\ell }^{\pm }+\mathrm{jets}$, with $Z^{\prime }$ the $U(1{)}_{B-L}$ gauge boson and $N$ the RHN. The same-sign dilepton feature of the signal makes it almost background-free, while the event number difference between positive and negative leptons is a hint for $CP$ violation, which is a key ingredient of leptogenesis. We found that resonant leptogenesis can be tested at the HL-LHC for $M_{Z^{\prime }}$ up to 12 TeV, while at a 10 (30) TeV muon collider the reach can be up to $M_{Z^{\prime }}\sim 28(100)$ TeV via the off-shell production of $Z^{\prime }$.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·58 citations
14. 14*

    Timelike nucleon electromagnetic form factors: All about interference of isospin amplitudes

    Xu Cao🇨🇳 · Jian-Ping Dai🇨🇳 · Horst Lenske🇩🇪

    A striking feature of the timelike nucleon electromagnetic form factors, investigated in $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to N\bar{N}$ annihilation reactions, is the modulation by local structures of small magnitude and oscillatory form, showing up above $N\bar{N}$ threshold. Starting from an isospin decomposition of the proton and neutron form factors it is shown that such structures are the natural consequence of the interference of a large and a small amplitudes, resulting in a sinusoidal behavior as a function of the "invariant energy" if the relative phase shift varies with energy. Thus, periodic oscillations superimposed on a smooth background will be observed. In this scenario, an equal size of the modulation for neutron and proton discovered by recent BESIII data evidently implies the particular isoscalar or isovector nature of these local structures, or their orthogonal interference, hence specifies their origin as excited vector mesons whose widths are tied to the modulation frequency.We clarify that the phase difference of modulation between neutron and proton as BESIII data found, but not the modulation itself, is the evidence of an imaginary part of the timelike nucleon electromagnetic form factors, which is associated with the rescattering processes.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·24 citations
15. 15*

    Modeling uncertainties of $t\bar{t}{W}^{\pm }$ multilepton signatures

    G. Bevilacqua🇭🇺 · H.Y. Bi🇩🇪 · F. Febres Cordero🇺🇸 · H.B. Hartanto🇬🇧 · M. Kraus🇺🇸 · J. Nasufi🇩🇪 · L. Reina🇺🇸 · M. Worek🇩🇪

    In light of recent discrepancies between the modeling of $t\bar{t}{W}^{\pm }$ signatures and measurements reported by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experimental collaborations, we investigate in detail theoretical uncertainties for multi-lepton signatures. We compare results from the state-of-the-art full off-shell calculation and its Narrow Width Approximation to results obtained from the on-shell $t\bar{t}{W}^{\pm }$ calculation, with approximate spin-correlations in top-quark and $W$ decays, matched to parton showers. In the former case double-, single-, and non-resonant contributions together with interference effects are taken into account, while the latter two cases are only based on the double resonant top-quark contributions. The comparison is performed for the LHC at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV for which we study separately the multi-lepton signatures as predicted from the dominant NLO contributions at the perturbative orders $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s^3{\alpha }^6)$ and $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s{\alpha }^8)$. Furthermore, we combine both contributions and propose a simple way to approximately incorporate the full off-shell effects in the NLO computation of on-shell $pp\to t\bar{t}{W}^{\pm }$ matched to parton showers.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·40 citations
16. 16*

    Next-to-leading-order QCD corrections to a vector bottomonium radiative decay into a charmonium

    Yu-Dong Zhang (SWU)🇨🇳 · Feng Feng (CUMT)🇨🇳 · Wen-Long Sang (SWU)🇨🇳 · Hong-Fei Zhang (GZUFE)🇨🇳

    Within the framework of nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization, we calculate the next-to-leading-order (NLO) perturbative corrections to the radiative decay ${\rm Y}\to {\eta }_c({\chi }_{cJ})+\gamma$. Both the helicity amplitudes and the helicity decay widths are obtained. It is the first computation for the processes involving both bottomonium and charmonium at two-loop accuracy. By employing the Cheng-Wu theorem, we are able to convert most of complex-valued master integrals (MIs) into real-valued MIs, which makes the numerical integration much efficient. Our results indicate the $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s)$ corrections are moderate for ${\eta }_c$ and ${\chi }_{c2}$ production, and are quite marginal for ${\chi }_{c0}$ and ${\chi }_{c1}$ production. It is impressive to note the NLO corrections considerably reduce the renormalization scale dependence in both the decay widths and the branching fractions for ${\chi }_{cJ}$, and slightly improve that for ${\eta }_c$. With the NRQCD matrix elements evaluated via the Buchmüller-Tye potential model, we find the decay width for ${\eta }_c$ production is one-order-of-magnitude larger than ${\chi }_{cJ}$ production, which may provide a good opportunity to search for ${\rm Y}\to {\eta }_c+\gamma$ in experiment. In addition, the decay width for ${\chi }_{c1}$ production is several times larger than those for ${\chi }_{c0,2}$. Finally, we find the NLO NRQCD prediction for the branching fraction of ${\rm Y}\to {\chi }_{c1}+\gamma$ is only half of the lower bound of the experimental data measured recently by {\tt Belle}. Moreover, there exists serious contradiction between theory and experiment for ${\rm Y}\to {\eta }_c+\gamma$. The discrepancies between theory and experiment deserve further research efforts.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2021)·7 citations
17. 17*

    $P_c(4312{)}^{+}$ and $P_c(4337{)}^{+}$ as interfering ${\Sigma }_c\bar{D}$ and ${\Lambda }_c{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ threshold cusps

    S.X. Nakamura (Univ. of Science and Technology of China)🇨🇳 · A. Hosaka (RCNP, Osaka Univ., JAEA)🇯🇵 · Y. Yamaguchi (JAEA)🇯🇵

    The recent LHCb data on $B_s^0\to J/\psi p\bar{p}$ revealed a new pentaquark-like $P_c(4337{)}^{+}$ structure, while finding no evidence for $P_c(4312{)}^{+}$ discovered earlier in ${\Lambda }_b^0\to J/\psi p{K}^{-}$. Though puzzling, the data actually offer an important hint to understand the nature of the pentaquark candidates. We develop a model to analyze the $B_s^0\to J/\psi p\bar{p}$ data. We find that a ${\Sigma }_c\bar{D}$ one-loop mechanism causes a threshold cusp that fits well the $P_c(4337{)}^{+}$ peak. Also, the ${\Sigma }_c\bar{D}$ and ${\Lambda }_c{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ threshold cusps interfere with each other to reproduce an oscillating behavior in the proton helicity angle distribution. These results combined with our earlier analysis on ${\Lambda }_b^0\to J/\psi p{K}^{-}$ indicate that $P_c(4312{)}^{+}$ and $P_c(4337{)}^{+}$ are created by different interference patterns between the ${\Sigma }_c\bar{D}$ and ${\Lambda }_c{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ (anomalous) threshold cusps. The proposed scenario consistently explains why the $P_c(4312{)}^{+}$ and $P_c(4337{)}^{+}$ peaks appear in ${\Lambda }_b^0\to J/\psi p{K}^{-}$ and $B_s^0\to J/\psi p\bar{p}$, respectively, but not vice versa or both.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thPRD(2021)·41 citations
18. 18*

    Exclusive determinations of $|V_{cb}|$ and $R(D^{\ast })$ through unitarity

    G. Martinelli🇮🇹 · S. Simula🇮🇹 · L. Vittorio🇮🇹

    In this work we apply the Dispersive Matrix (DM) method of Refs. [1,2] to the lattice computations of the Form Factors (FFs) entering the semileptonic $B\to D^{\ast }\ell {\nu }_{\ell }$ decays, recently produced by the FNAL/MILC Collaborations [3] at small, but non-vanishing values of the recoil variable ($w-1$). Thanks to the DM method we obtain the FFs in the whole kinematical range accessible to the decay in a completely model-independent and non-perturbative way, implementing exactly both unitarity and kinematical constraints. Using our theoretical bands of the FFs we extract $|V_{cb}|$ from the experimental data and compute the theoretical value of $R(D^{\ast })$. Our final result for $|V_{cb}|$ reads $|V_{cb}|=(41.3\pm 1.7)\cdot 10^{-3}$, compatible with the most recent inclusive estimate at the $0.5\sigma$ level. Moreover, we obtain the pure theoretical value $R(D^{\ast })=0.275\pm 0.008$, which is compatible with the experimental world average at the $\sim 1.3\sigma$ level.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latEPJC(2022)·65 citations
19. 19*

    Higgs-mass constraints on a supersymmetric solution of the muon g-2 anomaly

    Wenqi Ke🇫🇷 · Pietro Slavich🇫🇷

    The prediction for the quartic coupling of the SM-like Higgs boson constrains the parameter space of SUSY models, even in scenarios where all of the new-particle masses are above the scale probed so far by the LHC. We study the implications of the Higgs-mass prediction on a recently-proposed SUSY model that features two pairs of Higgs doublets, and provides a solution to the g-2 anomaly thanks to a suitable enhancement of the muon Yukawa coupling.

    hep-phEPJC(2022)·12 citations
20. 20*

    Probing hadronization with flavor correlations of leading particles in jets

    Yang-Ting Chien🇺🇸 · Abhay Deshpande🇺🇸 · Mriganka Mouli Mondal🇺🇸 · George Sterman🇺🇸

    We study nonperturbative flavor correlations between pairs of leading and next-to-leading charged hadrons within jets at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). We introduce a charge correlation ratio observable $r_c$ that distinguishes same- and opposite-sign charged pairs. Using Monte Carlo simulations with different event generators, $r_c$ is examined as a function of various kinematic variables for different combinations of hadron species, and the feasibility of such measurements at the EIC is demonstrated. The precision hadronization study we propose will provide new tests of hadronization models and hopefully lead to improved quantitative, and perhaps eventually analytic, understanding of nonperturbative QCD dynamics.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2022)·25 citations
21. 21*

    DUNE atmospheric neutrinos: Earth Tomography

    Kevin J. Kelly🇺🇸 · Pedro A. N. Machado🇺🇸 · Ivan Martinez-Soler🇺🇸 · Yuber F. Perez-Gonzalez🇺🇸

    In this paper we show that the DUNE experiment can measure the Earth's density profile by analyzing atmospheric neutrino oscillations. The crucial feature that enables such measurement is the detailed event reconstruction capability of liquid argon time projection chambers. This allows for studying the sub-GeV atmospheric neutrino component, which bears a rich oscillation phenomenology, strongly dependent on the matter potential sourced by the Earth. We provide a pedagogical discussion of the MSW and parametric resonances and their role in measuring the core and mantle densities. By performing a detailed simulation, accounting for particle reconstruction at DUNE, nuclear physics effects relevant to neutrino-argon interactions and several uncertainties on the atmospheric neutrino flux, we manage to obtain a robust estimate of DUNE's sensitivity to the Earth matter profile. We find that DUNE can measure the total mass of the Earth at 8.4% precision with an exposure of 400~kton-year. By accounting for previous measurements of the total mass and moment of inertia of the Earth, the core, lower mantle and upper mantle densities can be determined with 8.8%, 13% and 22% precision, respectively, for the same exposure. Finally, DUNE could take atmospheric neutrino data while the beam is being commissioned and far detector modules are up and running. For a low exposure run of 60~kton-year, which would correspond to two far detectors running for three years, we have found that the core density could be measured by DUNE at $\sim 30\%$ precision.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2022)·51 citations
22. 22*

    Self-interacting Dark Matter via Right Handed Neutrino Portal

    Debasish Borah (1)🇮🇳 · Manoranjan Dutta (2)🇮🇳 · Satyabrata Mahapatra (2)🇮🇳 · Narendra Sahu (2) ((1) Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, (2) Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad)🇮🇳

    We propose a self-interacting dark matter (DM) scenario with right handed neutrino (RHN) portal to the standard model (SM). The dark sector consists of a particle DM, assumed to be a Dirac fermion, and a light mediator in terms of a dark Abelian vector boson to give rise to the required velocity dependent self-interactions in agreement with astrophysical observations. Irrespective of thermal or non-thermal production of such a DM, its final relic remains under-abundant due to efficient annihilation rates of DM into light mediators by virtue of large self-interaction coupling. We then show that a feeble portal of DM-SM interaction via RHN offers a possibility to fill the relic deficit of DM via the late decay of RHN. As RHN also arises naturally in seesaw models explaining the origin of light neutrino masses, we outline two UV complete realizations of the minimal setup in terms of scotogenic and gauged B-L frameworks where connection to neutrino mass and other phenomenology like complementary discovery prospects are discussed.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exPRD(2022)·32 citations
23. 23*

    Exclusion limits on Dark Matter-Neutrino Scattering Cross-section

    Diptimoy Ghosh🇮🇳 · Atanu Guha🇮🇳 · Divya Sachdeva🇮🇳

    We derive new constraints on combination of dark matter - electron cross-section (${\sigma }_{\chi e}$) and dark matter - neutrino cross-section (${\sigma }_{\chi \nu }$) utilising the gain in kinetic energy of the dark matter (DM) particles due to scattering with the cosmic ray electrons and the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB). Since the flux of the DSNB neutrinos is comparable to the CR electron flux in the energy range $\sim 1\mathrm{MeV}-50\mathrm{MeV}$, scattering with the DSNB neutrinos can also boost low-mass DM significantly in addition to the boost due to interaction with the cosmic ray electrons. We use the XENON1T as well as the Super-Kamiokande data to derive bounds on ${\sigma }_{\chi e}$ and ${\sigma }_{\chi \nu }$. While our bounds for ${\sigma }_{\chi e}$ are comparable with those in the literature, we show that the Super-Kamiokande experiment provides the strongest constraint on ${\sigma }_{\chi \nu }$ for DM masses below a few MeV.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEPRD(2022)·42 citations
24. 24*

    Scalar and tensor resonances in $J/\psi$ radiative decays

    JPAC Collaboration: A. Rodas🇺🇸 · A. Pilloni🇮🇹 · M. Albaladejo🇪🇸 · C. Fernandez-Ramirez🇲🇽 · V. Mathieu🇪🇸 · A. P. Szczepaniak🇺🇸

    We perform a systematic analysis of the $J/\psi \to \gamma {\pi }^0{\pi }^0$ and $\to \gamma K_S^0{K}_S^0$ partial waves measured by BESIII. We use a large set of amplitude parametrizations to reduce the model bias. We determine the physical properties of seven scalar and tensor resonances in the 1-2.5 GeV mass range. These include the well known $f_0(1500)$ and $f_0(1710)$, that are considered to be the primary glueball candidates. The hierarchy of resonance couplings determined from this analysis favors the latter as the one with the largest glueball component.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thEPJC(2022)·62 citations
25. 25*

    Horndeski fermion-boson stars

    Armando A. Roque🇲🇽 · L. Arturo Ureña-López🇲🇽

    We establish the existence of static and spherically symmetric fermion-boson stars, in a low energy effective model of (beyond) Horndeski theories. These stars are in equilibrium, and are composed by a mixing of scalar and fermionic matters that only interact gravitationally one with each other. Properties such as mass, radius, and compactness are studied, highlighting the existence of two families of configurations defined by the parameter $c_4$. These families have distinctive properties, although in certain limits both are reduced to their counterparts in General Relativity. Finally, by assuming the same conditions used in General Relativity, we find the maximum compactness of these hybrid stars and determine that it remains below the so-called Buchdahl's limit.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phClass.Quant.Grav.(2022)·9 citations
26. 26*

    Primordial Black Holes and Gravitational Waves in Hybrid Inflation with Chaotic Potentials

    Waqas Ahmed🇨🇳 · M. Junaid🇵🇰 · Umer Zubair🇺🇸

    We study the formation of primordial black hole (PBH) dark matter and the generation of scalar induced secondary gravitational waves (SIGWs) in a non-supersymmetric model of hybrid inflation with chaotic (polynomial-like) potential, including one-loop radiative corrections. A radiatively corrected version of these models is entirely consistent with Planck's data. By adding non-canonical kinetic energy term in the lagrangian, the inflaton experiences a period of ultra-slow-roll, and the amplitude of primordial power spectrum is enhanced to $O(10^{-2})$. The enhanced power spectra of primordial curvature perturbations can have both sharp and broad peaks. %In the enhancement mechanism we explore two possible extensions by employing a Guassian and a step size kinetic function. A wide mass range of PBHs is realized in our model with the frequencies of scalar induced gravitational waves ranged from nHz to kHz. We present several benchmark points where the PBH mass generated during inflation is around $(1-100)M_{\odot }$, $(10^{-9}-10^{-7})M_{\odot }$ and $(10^{-16}-10^{-11})M_{\odot }$. The PBHs can make up most of the dark matter with masses around $(10^{-16}-10^{-11})M_{\odot }$ and $(1-100)M_{\odot }$, and their associated SIGWs can be probed by the upcoming ground and space-based gravitational wave (GW) observatories. The evidence of stochastic process recently reported by NANOGrav may be interpreted as SIGWs associated with the formation of PBHs. These SIGWs may also be tested by future interferometer-type GW observations of SKA, DECIGO, LISA, BBO, TaiJi, TianQin, CE and ET.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phNPB(2022)·45 citations
27. 27*

    Simulating magnetic antiskyrmions on the lattice

    Juan C. Criado🇬🇧 · Peter D. Hatton🇬🇧 · Sebastian Schenk🇬🇧 · Michael Spannowsky🇬🇧 · Luke A. Turnbull🇬🇧

    Magnetic skyrmions are topologically protected spin structures that naturally emerge in magnetic materials. While a vast amount of effort has gone into the study of their properties, their counterpart of opposite topological charge, the antiskyrmion, has not received as much attention. We aim to close this gap by deploying Monte Carlo simulations of spin-lattice systems in order to investigate which interactions support antiskyrmions, as well as skyrmions of Bloch and Néel type. We find that a suitable combination of ferromagnetic exchange and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interactions is able to stabilize all three types. Considering a three-dimensional spin lattice model, we provide a finite-temperature phase diagram featuring a stable antiskyrmion lattice phase for a large range of temperatures. In addition, we also shed light on the creation and annihilation processes of these antiskyrmion tubes and study the effects of the DM interaction strength on their typical size.

    ↳ cond-mat.str-elcond-mat.mtrl-scihep-phSci.Rep.(2022)·3 citations
28. 28*

    On the origin of the holographic universe

    Haidar Sheikhahmadi🇿🇦

    In this work, we reexamine the holographic dark energy concept proposed already for cosmological applications. By considering, more precisely, the bounds on the entropy arising from lattice field theory on one side and Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of black holes on another side, it is shown that the so-called holographic dark energy cannot be mimicked as easily as claimed in the literature. In addition, the limits on the electron $(g-2)$ experiments are taken into account again. It is shown that the corrections to the electron magnetic momentum are of the order of $\mathcal{O}(10^{-23})$.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phMod.Phys.Lett.A(2022)·6 citations
29. 29*

    Hydrodynamic attractors in heavy ion collisions: a review

    Alexander Soloviev🇺🇸

    A review of the recent progress of relativistic hydrodynamic attractors is presented, with a focus on applications in heavy ion collisions and the quark gluon plasma. Pedagogical introductions to the effective descriptions relevant for attractors in high energy physics, namely hydrodynamics, holography and kinetic theory, are followed by highlights of some recent advances.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phnucl-thEPJC(2022)·81 citations
30. 30*

    Early time behavior of spatial and momentum anisotropies in a kinetic approach to nuclear collisions

    Marc Borrell🇩🇪 · Nicolas Borghini🇩🇪

    We derive a general formula for the early time dependence of a phase space distribution evolving according to the kinetic Boltzmann equation. Assuming that the early evolution of the system created in high-energy nuclear collisions can be described by kinetic theory, we calculate the scaling behaviors for the onset of various characteristics of the transverse dynamics. In particular, we show that the scaling behavior of the anisotropic flow coefficients $v_n$ at early times does not depend on the details of the collision kernel or the system composition, while at the same time it differs from the prediction of fluid dynamics.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phEPJC(2022)·9 citations
31. 31*

    Parton physics from a heavy-quark operator product expansion: Lattice QCD calculation of the second moment of the pion distribution amplitude

    William Detmold🇺🇸 · Anthony Grebe🇺🇸 · Issaku Kanamori🇯🇵 · C.-J. David Lin🇹🇼 · Santanu Mondal🇺🇸 · Robert Perry🇹🇼 · Yong Zhao🇺🇸

    The pion light-cone distribution amplitude (LCDA) is a central non-perturbative object of interest for high-energy exclusive processes in quantum chromodynamics. In this article, the second Mellin moment of the pion LCDA is determined as a proof-of-concept calculation for the first numerical implementation of the heavy-quark operator product expansion (HOPE) method. The resulting value for the second Mellin moment, determined in quenched QCD at a pion mass of $m_{\pi }=550$ MeV at a factorization scale of 2 GeV is $⟨{\xi }^2⟩=0.210\pm 0.013\text{ (stat.)}\pm 0.034\text{ (sys.)}$. This result is compatible with those from previous determinations of this quantity.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thPRD(2022)·40 citations
32. 32*

    Spin Polarization Formula for Dirac Fermions at Local Equilibrium

    Yu-Chen Liu🇨🇳 · Xu-Guang Huang🇨🇳

    We derive a Cooper-Frye type spin polarization formula for Dirac fermions at local thermal equilibrium described by a grand canonical ensemble specified by temperature, fluid velocity, chemical potential, and spin potential. We discuss the physical meaning of different contributions to spin polarization and compare them with previous works. The present formula provides machinery to convert the spin potential computed in, e.g., relativistic spin hydrodynamics to the spin polarization observable in, e.g., heavy-ion collisions.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exSCPMA(2022)·46 citations
33. 33*

    C-P-T Fractionalization

    Juven Wang🇺🇸

    Discrete spacetime symmetries of parity P or reflection R, and time-reversal T, act naively as ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$-involutions in the passive transformation on the spacetime coordinates; but together with a charge conjugation C, the total C-P-R-T symmetries have enriched active transformations on fields in representations of the spacetime-internal symmetry groups of quantum field theories (QFTs). In this work, we derive that these symmetries can be further fractionalized, especially in the presence of the fermion parity $(-1{)}^{\mathrm{F}}$. We elaborate on examples including relativistic Lorentz invariant QFTs (e.g., spin-1/2 Dirac or Majorana spinor fermion theories) and nonrelativistic quantum many-body systems (involving Majorana zero modes), and comment on applications to spin-1 Maxwell electromagnetism (QED) or interacting Yang-Mills (QCD) gauge theories. We discover various C-P-R-T-$(-1{)}^{\mathrm{F}}$ group structures, e.g., Dirac spinor is in a projective representation of ${\mathbb{Z}}_2^{\mathrm{C}}\times {\mathbb{Z}}_2^{\mathrm{P}}\times {\mathbb{Z}}_2^{\mathrm{T}}$ but in an (anti)linear representation of an order-16 nonabelian finite group, as the central product between an order-8 dihedral (generated by C and P) or quaternion group and an order-4 group generated by T with T${}^2=(-1{)}^{\mathrm{F}}$. The general theme may be coined as C-P-T or C-R-T fractionalization.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.str-elhep-lathep-ph+2PRD(2022)·10 citations
34. 34*

    Detailed Calculation of Primordial Black Hole Formation During First-Order Cosmological Phase Transitions

    Michael J. Baker🇦🇺 · Moritz Breitbach🇩🇪 · Joachim Kopp🇨🇭 · Lukas Mittnacht🇩🇪

    Primordial black holes could potentially form during a first-order cosmological phase transition due to a build-up of particles which are predominantly reflected from the advancing bubble walls. After discussing the general mechanism, we examine the criteria that need to be satisfied for a black hole to form. We then set out the Boltzmann equation that describes the evolution of the relevant phase space distribution function, carefully describing our treatment of the Liouville operator and the collision term. Assuming a spherical false vacuum pocket of sufficient size and a constant wall velocity, we find that black holes can form in a range of different scenarios.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2025)·87 citations
35. 35*

    Neutrino Properties with Ground-Based Millimeter-Wavelength Line Intensity Mapping

    Azadeh Moradinezhad Dizgah🇨🇭 · Garrett K. Keating🇺🇸 · Kirit S. Karkare🇺🇸 · Abigail Crites🇺🇸 · Shouvik Roy Choudhury🇮🇳

    Line intensity mapping (LIM) is emerging as a powerful technique to map the cosmic large-scale structure and to probe cosmology over a wide range of redshifts and spatial scales. We perform Fisher forecasts to determine the optimal design of wide-field ground-based mm-wavelength LIM surveys for constraining properties of neutrinos and light relics. We consider measuring the auto-power spectra of several CO rotational lines (from J=2-1 to J=6-5) and the [CII] fine-structure line in the redshift range of $0.25<z<12$. We study the constraints with and without interloper lines as a source of noise in our analysis, and for several one- and multi-parameter extensions of $\Lambda$CDM. We show that LIM surveys deployable this decade, in combination with existing CMB (primary) data, could achieve order of magnitude improvements over Planck constraints on $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ and $M_{\nu }$. Compared to next-generation CMB and galaxy surveys, a LIM experiment of this scale could achieve bounds that are a factor of $\sim 3$ better than those forecasted for surveys such as EUCLID (galaxy clustering), and potentially exceed the constraining power of CMB-S4 by a factor of $\sim 1.5$ and $\sim 3$ for $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ and $M_{\nu }$, respectively. We show that the forecasted constraints are not substantially affected when enlarging the parameter space, and additionally demonstrate that such a survey could also be used to measure $\Lambda$CDM parameters and the dark energy equation of state exquisitely well.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phApJ(2022)·47 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.