Fri·Aug 20, 2021Friday·August 20, 2021

1. 01*

   CP-violating transport theory for Electroweak Baryogenesis with thermal corrections

   Kimmo Kainulainen🇫🇮

   We derive CP-violating transport equations for fermions for electroweak baryogenesis from the CTP-formalism including thermal corrections at the one-loop level. We consider both the VEV-insertion approximation (VIA) and the semiclassical (SC) formalism. We show that the VIA-method is based on an {\em assumption} that leads to an ill-defined source term containing a pinch singularity, whose regularisation by thermal effects leads to ambiguities including spurious ultraviolet and infrared divergences. We then carefully review the derivation of the semiclassical formalism and extend it to include thermal corrections. We present the semiclassical Boltzmann equations for thermal WKB-quasiparticles with source terms up to the second order in gradients that contain both dispersive and finite width corrections. We also show that the SC-method reproduces the current divergence equations and that a correct implementation of the Fick's law captures the semiclassical source term even with conserved total current ${\partial }_{\mu }{j}^{\mu }=0$. Our results show that the VIA-source term is not just ambiguous, but that it does not exist. Finally, we show that the collisional source terms reported earlier in the semiclassical literature are also spurious, and vanishes in a consistent calculation.

   hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2021)·41 citations
2. 02*

   Probing Leptogenesis and Pre-BBN Universe with Gravitational Waves Spectral Shapes

   Rome Samanta🇨🇿 · Satyabrata Datta🇮🇳

   On the frequency-amplitude plane, Gravitational Waves (GWs) from cosmic strings show a flat plateau at higher frequencies due to the string loop dynamics in standard radiation dominated post-inflationary epoch. The spectrum may show an abrupt upward or a downward trend beyond a turning point frequency $f_{\ast }$, if the primordial dark age prior to the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN), exhibits non-standard cosmic histories. We argue that such a spectral break followed by a rising GW amplitude which is a consequence of a post-inflationary equation of state ($\omega >1/3$) stiffer than the radiation ($\omega =1/3$), could also be a strong hint of a leptogenesis in the seesaw model of neutrino masses. Dynamical generation of the right handed (RH) neutrino masses by a gauged $U(1)$ symmetry breaking leads to the formation of a network of cosmic strings which emits stochastic GWs. A gravitational interaction of the lepton current by an operator of the form ${\partial }_{\mu }R{j}^{\mu }$--which can be generated in the seesaw model at the two-loop level through RH neutrino mediation, naturally seeks a stiffer equation of state to efficiently produce baryon asymmetry proportional to $1-3\omega$. We discuss how GWs with reasonably strong amplitudes complemented by a neutrino-less double beta decay signal could probe the onset of the most recent radiation domination and lightest RH neutrino mass at the intermediate scales.

   hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qcJHEP(2021)·14 citations
3. 03*

   Energy dependence of underlying-event observables from RHIC to LHC energies

   Antonio Ortiz🇲🇽

   A study of the charged-particle density (number density) in the transverse region of the di-hadron correlations exploiting the existing pp and p$\bar{\mathrm{p}}$ data from RHIC to LHC energies is reported. This region has contributions from the Underlying Event (UE) as well as from Initial- and Final-State Radiation (ISR-FSR). Based on the data, a two-component model is built. This has the functional form $\propto s^{\alpha }+\beta \log (s)$, where the logarithmic (($\beta =0.140\pm 0.007$)) and the power-law ($\alpha =0.270\pm 0.005$) terms describe the components more sensitive to the ISR-FSR and UE contributions, respectively. The model describes the data from RHIC to LHC energies, the extrapolation to higher energies indicates that at around $\sqrt{s}\approx 100$\,TeV the number density associated to UE will match that from ISR-FSR. Although this behaviour is not predicted by PYTHIA~8.244, the power-law behaviour of the UE contribution is consistent with the energy dependence of the parameter that regulates Multiparton Interactions. Using simulations, KNO-like scaling properties of the multiplicity distributions in the regions sensitive to either UE or ISR-FSR are also discussed. The results presented here can be helpful to constrain QCD-inspired Monte Carlo models at the Future Circular Collider energies, as well as to characterize the UE-based event classifiers which are currently used at the LHC.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2021)·10 citations
4. 04*

   Primordial black holes as a dark matter candidate in theories with supersymmetry and inflation

   Marcos M. Flores🇺🇸 · Alexander Kusenko🇺🇸

   We show that supersymmetry and inflation, in a broad class of models, generically lead to formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) that can account for dark matter. Supersymmetry predicts a number of scalar fields that develop a coherent condensate along the flat directions of the potential at the end of inflation. The subsequent evolution of the condensate involves perturbative decay, as well as fragmentation into Q-balls, which can interact by some long-range forces mediated by the scalar fields. The attractive scalar long-range interactions between Q-balls facilitates the growth of Q-balls until their ultimate collapse to black holes. For a flat direction lifted by supersymmetry breaking at the scale $\Lambda \sim 100$ TeV, the black hole masses are of the order of $(M_{\mathrm{Planck}}^3/{\Lambda }^2)\sim 10^{22}$ g, in the allowed range for dark matter. Similar potentials with a lower scale $\Lambda$ (not necessarily associated with supersymmetry) can result in a population of primordial black holes with larger masses, which can explain some recently reported microlensing events.

   hep-phJCAP(2023)·39 citations
5. 05*

   Vector meson spectral function in a dynamical AdS/QCD model

   Yan-Qing Zhao🇨🇳 · Defu Hou🇨🇳

   By using gauge/gravity duality, we calculate the spectral function of the heavy vector mesons with the presence of an intense magnetic field in a hot and dense medium. The results show that, a general conclusion, as the increases of magnetic field, chemical potential and temperature, the height of the peak of the spectral function decreases and the width increases. A nontrivial result is the change from the peak position of spectral function. We explain this non-trivial behavior by the interplay of the interaction between the two heavy quarks and the interaction between the medium with each of the heavy quarks.

   hep-phEPJC(2022)·22 citations
6. 06*

   A Flavorful Composite Higgs Model : Connecting the B anomalies with the hierarchy problem

   Yi Chung🇺🇸

   We present a model which connects the neutral current B anomalies with composite Higgs models. The model is based on the minimal fundamental composite Higgs model with $SU(4)/Sp(4)$ coset. The strong dynamics spontaneously break the symmetry and introduce five Nambu-Goldstone bosons. Four of them become the Standard Model Higgs doublet and the last one, corresponding to the broken local $U(1{)}^{\prime }$ symmetry, is eaten by the gauge boson. This leads to an additional TeV-scale $Z^{\prime }$ boson, which can explain the recent B anomalies. The experimental constraints and allowed parameter space are discussed in detail.

   hep-phPRD(2021)·12 citations
7. 07*

   Transport properties and equation-of-state of hot and dense QGP matter near the critical end-point in the phenomenological dynamical quasi-particle model

   Olga Soloveva🇩🇪 · Jörg Aichelin🇫🇷 · Elena Bratkovskaya🇩🇪

   We extend the effective dynamical quasiparticle model (DQPM) - constructed for the description of non-perturbative QCD phenomena of the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma (QGP) - to large baryon chemical potentials, ${\mu }_B$, including a critical end-point and a 1st order phase transition. The DQPM description of quarks and gluons is based on partonic propagators with complex selfenergies where the real part of the selfenergies is related to the quasiparticle mass and the imaginary part to a finite width of their spectral functions. In DQPM the determination of complex selfenergies for the partonic degrees of freedom at zero and finite ${\mu }_B$ has been performed by adjusting the entropy density to the lQCD data. The temperature-dependent effective coupling (squared) $g^2(T/T_c)$, as well as the parton effective masses and widths are based on this adjustment. The novel extended dynamical quasiparticle model, named "DQPM-CP", makes it possible to describe thermodynamical and transport properties of quarks and gluons in a wide range of $T$ and ${\mu }_B$, and reproduces the equation-of-state (EoS) of lQCD calculations in the crossover region of finite $T,{\mu }_B$. We apply a scaling ansatz for the strong coupling constant near the CEP, located at ($T^{CEP}$, ${\mu }_B^{CEP})=(0.100,0.960)$ GeV. We show the EoS as well as the speed of sound for $T>T_c$ and for a wide range of ${\mu }_B$, which can be of interest for hydrodynamical simulations. Furthermore, we consider two settings for the strange quark chemical potentials (I) ${\mu }_s={\mu }_B/3$ and (II) ${\mu }_s=0$. The isentropic trajectories of the QGP matter are compared for these two cases. The phase diagram of DQPM-CP is close to PNJL calculations. The leading order pQCD transport coefficients of both approaches differ. This elucidates that the knowledge of the phase diagram alone is not sufficient to describe the dynamical evolution of QGP.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2022)·32 citations
8. 08*

   High-quality grand unified theories with three generations

   Ning Chen🇨🇳

   We extend the unitary groups beyond the $\mathrm{SU}(5)$ and $\mathrm{SU}(6)$ to look for possible grand unified theories that give rise to three-generational Standard Model fermions without the simple repetition. By demanding asymptotic free theories at short distances, we find gauge groups of $\mathrm{SU}(7)$, $\mathrm{SU}(8)$ and $\mathrm{SU}(9)$ together with their anomaly-free irreducible representations are such candidates. Two additional gauge groups of $\mathrm{SU}(10)$ and $\mathrm{SU}(11)$ can also achieve the generational structure without asymptotic freedom. We also find these models can solve the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) quality problem which is intrinsic in the axion models, with the leading PQ-breaking operators determined from the symmetry requirement.

   hep-phhep-thCPC(2022)·5 citations
9. 09*

   Quantum information approach to high energy interactions

   Dmitri E. Kharzeev🇺🇸

   High energy hadron interactions are commonly described by using a probabilistic parton model that ignores quantum entanglement present in the light-cone wave functions. Here we argue that since a high energy interaction samples an instant snapshot of the hadron wave function, the phases of different Fock state wave functions cannot be measured - therefore the light-cone density matrix has to be traced over these unobservable phases. Performing this trace with the corresponding $U(1)$ Haar integration measure leads to "Haar scrambling" of the density matrix, and to the emergence of entanglement entropy. This entanglement entropy is determined by the Fock state probability distribution, and is thus directly related to the parton structure functions. As proposed earlier, at large rapidity $\eta$ the hadron state becomes maximally entangled, and the entanglement entropy is $S_E\sim \eta$ according to QCD evolution equations. When the phases of Fock state components are controlled, for example in spin asymmetry measurements, the Haar average cannot be performed, and the probabilistic parton description breaks down.

   hep-phhep-thnucl-thquant-phPhil.Trans.A.Math.Phys.Eng.Sci.(2021)·54 citations
10. 10*

    Search for dark-photon dark matter in the SuperMAG geomagnetic field dataset

    Michael A. Fedderke🇺🇸 · Peter W. Graham🇺🇸 · Derek F. Jackson Kimball🇺🇸 · Saarik Kalia🇺🇸

    In our recent companion paper [arXiv:2106.00022], we pointed out a novel signature of ultralight kinetically mixed dark-photon dark matter. This signature is a quasi-monochromatic, time-oscillating terrestrial magnetic field that takes a particular pattern over the surface of the Earth. In this work, we present a search for this signal in existing, unshielded magnetometer data recorded by geographically dispersed, geomagnetic stations. The dataset comes from the SuperMAG Collaboration and consists of measurements taken with one-minute cadence since 1970, with $\mathcal{O}(500)$ stations contributing in all. We aggregate the magnetic field measurements from all stations by projecting them onto a small set of global vector spherical harmonics (VSH) that capture the expected vectorial pattern of the signal at each station. Within each dark-photon coherence time, we use a data-driven technique to estimate the broadband background noise in the data, and search for excess narrowband power in this set of VSH components; we stack the searches in distinct coherence times incoherently. Following a Bayesian analysis approach that allows us to account for the stochastic nature of the dark-photon dark-matter field, we set exclusion bounds on the kinetic mixing parameter in the dark-photon dark-matter mass range $2\times 10^{-18}\text{eV}\lesssim m_{A^{\prime }}\lesssim 7\times 10^{-17}\text{eV}$ (corresponding to frequencies $6\times 10^{-4}\text{Hz}\lesssim f_{A^{\prime }}\lesssim 2\times 10^{-2}\text{Hz}$). These limits are complementary to various existing astrophysical constraints. Although our main analysis also identifies a number of candidate signals in the SuperMAG dataset, these appear to either fail or be in tension with various additional robustness checks we apply to those candidates. We report no robust and significant evidence for a dark-photon dark-matter signal in the SuperMAG dataset.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2021)·49 citations
11. 11*

    Challenging the cosmic censorship in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory with numerically simulated gedankenexperiments

    Fabrizio Corelli🇮🇹 · Taishi Ikeda🇮🇹 · Paolo Pani🇮🇹

    We perform extensive nonlinear numerical simulations of the spherical collapse of (charged) wavepackets onto a charged black hole within Einstein-Maxwell theory and in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory featuring nonminimal couplings and a spontaneous scalarization mechanism. We confirm that black holes in full-fledged Einstein-Maxwell theory cannot be overcharged past extremality and no naked singularities form, in agreement with the cosmic censorship conjecture. We show that naked singularities do not form even in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory, although it is possible to form scalarized black holes with charge above the Reissner-Nordström bound. We argue that charge and mass extraction due to superradiance at fully nonlinear level is crucial to bound the charge-to-mass ratio of the final black hole below extremality. We also discuss some "descalarization" mechanisms for scalarized black holes induced either by superradiance or by absorption of an opposite-charged wavepacket; in all cases the final state after descalarization is a subextremal Reissner-Nordström black hole.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2021)·23 citations
12. 12*

    Asymmetric Reheating by Primordial Black Holes

    Pearl Sandick🇺🇸 · Barmak Shams Es Haghi🇺🇸 · Kuver Sinha🇺🇸

    We investigate Hawking evaporation of a population of primordial black holes (PBHs) prior to Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) as a mechanism to achieve asymmetric reheating of two sectors coupled solely by gravity. While the visible sector is reheated by the inflaton or a modulus, the dark sector is reheated by PBHs. Compared to inflationary or modular reheating of both sectors, there are two advantages: $(i)$ inflaton or moduli mediated operators that can subsequently thermalize the dark sector with the visible sector are not relevant to the asymmetric reheating process; $(ii)$ the mass and abundance of the PBHs provide parametric control of the thermal history of the dark sector, and in particular the ratio of the temperatures of the two sectors. Asymmetric reheating with PBHs turns out to have a particularly rich dark sector phenomenology, which we explore using a single self-interacting real scalar field in the dark sector as a template. Four thermal histories, involving non-relativistic and relativistic dark matter (DM) at chemical equilibrium, followed by the presence or absence of cannibalism, are explored. These histories are then constrained by the observed relic abundance in the current Universe and the Bullet Cluster. The case where PBHs dominate the energy density of the Universe, and reheat both the visible as well as the dark sectors, is also treated in detail.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2021)·71 citations
13. 13*

    Pre-burst neutrinos of gamma-ray bursters accompanied by high-energy photons

    Jie Zhu🇨🇳 · Bo-Qiang Ma🇨🇳

    Previous researches on high-energy neutrino events from gamma-ray bursters (GRBs) suggest a neutrino speed variation $v(E)=c(1\pm E/E_{\mathrm{LV}}^{\nu })$ with $E_{\mathrm{LV}}^{\nu }=(6.4\pm 1.5)\times 10^{17}\mathrm{GeV}$, together with an intrinsic time difference $\Delta t_{\mathrm{in}}=(-2.8\pm 0.7)\times 10^2\mathrm{s}$, which means that high-energy neutrinos come out about 300~s earlier than low-energy photons in the source reference system. Considering the possibility that pre-bursts of neutrinos may be accompanied by high-energy photons, in this work we search for high-energy photon events with earlier emission time from 100 to 1000~s before low-energy photons at source by analyzing Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (FGST) data. We perform the searching of photon events with energies larger than 100~MeV, and find 14 events from 48 GRBs with known redshifts. Combining these events with a $1.07\mathrm{TeV}$ photon event observed by the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov telescopes (MAGIC), we suggest a pre-burst stage with a long duration period of several minutes of high energy neutrino emissions accompanied by high energy photons at the GRB source.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEgr-qchep-phPLB(2021)·13 citations
14. 14*

    Comparison of simulated neutrino emission models with data on Supernova 1987A

    Jackson Olsen🇺🇸 · Yong-Zhong Qian🇺🇸

    We compare models of supernova (SN) neutrino emission with the Kamiokande II data on SN 1987A using the Bayesian approach. These models are taken from simulations and are representative of current 1D SN models. We find that models with a brief accretion phase of neutrino emission are the most favored. This result is not affected by varying the overall flux normalization or considering neutrino oscillations. We also check the compatibility of the best-fit models with the data.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phnucl-thPRD(2021)·11 citations
15. 15*

    Testing modified gravity with 21 cm intensity mapping, HI galaxy, cosmic microwave background, optical galaxy, weak lensing, galaxy clustering, type Ia supernovae and gravitational wave surveys

    Deng Wang🇨🇳

    In modern cosmology, an important task is investigating whether there exists a signal of modified gravity in the universe. Due to the limited resolutions and sensitivities of facilities, current observations can not detect any signal of modified gravity. As a consequence, it is urgent to predict the constraining power of future cosmological surveys on modified gravity. We constrain the Hu-Sawicki $f(R)$ gravity with eight future mainstream probes encompassing 21 cm intensity mapping, HI galaxy, cosmic microwave background, optical galaxy, weak lensing, galaxy clustering, type Ia supernovae and gravitational wave. We find that the HI galaxy survey SKA2 gives the strongest constraint ${\sigma }_{f_{R0}}=1.36\times 10^{-8}$ among eight probes. The promising 21 cm intensity mapping survey SKA1-MID-B1 and optical galaxy survey Euclid also reach the order $\mathcal{O}$(-8). The fourth-generation CMB experiments SO and CORE produces the order $\mathcal{O}$(-6), while large scale structure surveys Euclid weak lensing, Euclid galaxy clustering and CSST weak lensing obtain the order $\mathcal{O}$(-5). Interestingly, CSST galaxy clustering gives the same order $\mathcal{O}$(-6) as SO and CORE, and the gravitational wave survey ET also obtain the order $\mathcal{O}$(-5). The combination of eight probes gives the tightest constraint $1.14\times 10^{-8}$, which is just a little stronger than $1.34\times 10^{-8}$ from the combination of SKA2 and SK1-MID-B1. This indicates that, to a large extent, future 21 cm intensity mapping and HI galaxy surveys can improve our understanding of modified gravity and energy budget in the cosmic pie.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-ph1 citation
16. 16*

    Sequestered Inflation

    Renata Kallosh🇺🇸 · Andrei Linde🇺🇸 · Timm Wrase🇺🇸 · Yusuke Yamada🇯🇵

    We construct supergravity models allowing to sequester the phenomenology of inflation from the Planckian energy scale physics. The procedure consists of two steps: At Step I we study supergravity models, which might be associated with string theory or M-theory, and have supersymmetric Minkowski vacua with flat directions. At Step II we uplift these flat directions to inflationary plateau potentials. We find certain conditions which ensure that the superheavy fields involved in the stabilization of the Minkowski vacua at Step I are completely decoupled from the inflationary phenomenology.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phFortsch.Phys.·8 citations
17. 17*

    IIB String Theory and Sequestered Inflation

    Renata Kallosh🇺🇸 · Andrei Linde🇺🇸 · Timm Wrase🇺🇸 · Yusuke Yamada🇯🇵

    We develop sequestered inflation models, where inflation occurs along flat directions in supergravity models derived from type IIB string theory. It is compactified on a $\frac{{\mathbb{T}}^6}{{\mathbb{Z}}_2\times {\mathbb{Z}}_2}$ orientifold with generalized fluxes and O3/O7-planes. At Step I, we use flux potentials which 1) satisfy tadpole cancellation conditions and 2) have supersymmetric Minkowski vacua with flat direction(s). The 7 moduli are split into heavy and massless Goldstone multiplets. At Step II we add a nilpotent multiplet and uplift the flat direction(s) of the type IIB string theory to phenomenological inflationary plateau potentials: $\alpha$-attractors with 7 discrete values $3\alpha =1,2,3,...,7$. Their cosmological predictions are determined by the hyperbolic geometry inherited from string theory. The masses of the heavy fields and the volume of the extra dimensions change during inflation, but this does not affect the inflationary dynamics.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phFortsch.Phys.·19 citations
18. 18*

    Local correlation among the chiral condensate, monopoles, and color magnetic fields in Abelian projected QCD

    Hideo Suganuma (Kyoto U.)🇯🇵 · Hiroki Ohata (YITP, Kyoto U.)🇯🇵

    Using the lattice gauge field theory, we study the relation among the local chiral condensate, monopoles, and color magnetic fields in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). First, we investigate idealized Abelian gauge systems of 1) a static monopole-antimonopole pair and 2) a magnetic flux without monopoles, on a four-dimensional Euclidean lattice. In these systems, we calculate the local chiral condensate on quasi-massless fermions coupled to the Abelian gauge field, and find that the chiral condensate is localized in the vicinity of the magnetic field. Second, using SU(3) lattice QCD Monte Carlo calculations, we investigate Abelian projected QCD in the maximally Abelian gauge, and find clear correlation of distribution similarity among the local chiral condensate, monopoles, and color magnetic fields in the Abelianized gauge configuration. As a statistical indicator, we measure the correlation coefficient $r$, and find a strong positive correlation of $r\simeq 0.8$ between the local chiral condensate and an Euclidean color-magnetic quantity $\mathcal{F}$ in Abelian projected QCD. The correlation is also investigated for the deconfined phase in thermal QCD. As an interesting conjecture, like magnetic catalysis, the chiral condensate is locally enhanced by the strong color-magnetic field around the monopoles in QCD.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phhep-thnucl-thUniverse(2021)·6 citations
19. 19*

    Dynamics of particle production in Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV using PYTHIA8 Angantyr model

    Ravindra Singh🇮🇳 · Yoshini Bailung🇮🇳 · Ankhi Roy🇮🇳

    We study the dynamics of identified, strange, and multi-strange particle production in Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV using the recently developed Angantyr model, incorporated within PYTHIA8. We show the interplay between multi-parton interactions (MPI) and color reconnection (CR) on the experimentally measured quantities. The charged-particle multiplicity ($N_{\mathrm{ch}}$) and mean transverse momentum ($⟨p_{\mathrm{T}}⟩$) distributions are well explained by PYTHIA8 Angantyr with proper tuning, as presented in this paper. Predictions of $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ spectra, $⟨p_{\mathrm{T}}⟩$, $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ integrated yields of the identified, strange and multi-strange particles are studied. To provide insight into the collective nature of the produced particles, we look into the ratio of particle yields to pions and kaons. PYTHIA8 Angantyr with CR and MPI mimic signs of collectivity and is possibly one of the suitable candidates to study ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRC(2022)·8 citations
20. 20*

    Can Primordial Black Holes as all Dark Matter explain Fast Radio Bursts?

    Kimmo Kainulainen🇫🇮 · Sami Nurmi🇫🇮 · Enrico D. Schiappacasse🇫🇮 · Tsutomu T. Yanagida🇨🇳

    Primordial black holes (PBHs) are one of the most interesting nonparticle dark matter (DM) candidates. They may explain all the DM content in the Universe in the mass regime from about $10^{-14}{M}_{\odot }$ to $10^{-11}{M}_{\odot }$. We study PBHs as the source of fast radio bursts (FRBs) via magnetic reconnection in the event of collisions between them and neutron stars (NSs) in galaxies. We investigate the energy loss of PBHs during PBH-NS encounters to model their capture by NSs. To an order-of-magnitude estimation, we conclude that the parameter space of PBHs being all DM is accidentally consistent with that to produce FRBs with a rate which is the order of the observed FRB rate.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phPRD(2021)·23 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.