Wed·Jul 14, 2021Wednesday·July 14, 2021

1. 01*

   Realistic Inflation in No-Scale $U(1{)}_R$ Symmetric Flipped $SU(5)$

   Mian Muhammad Azeem Abid🇵🇰 · Maria Mehmood🇵🇰 · Mansoor Ur Rehman🇵🇰 · Qaisar Shafi🇺🇸

   We have realized non-minimal Higgs inflation and standard hybrid inflation in the supersymmetric flipped $SU(5)$ model with $U(1{)}_R$ symmetry using the no-scale form of the Kähler potential. In non-minimal Higgs inflation the waterfall Higgs field plays the role of inflaton, and in standard hybrid inflation the gauge singlet field $S$ is employed as an inflaton. The predictions of both models are in good agreement with the Planck 2018 data. For numerical calculations we have fixed the gauge symmetry breaking scale, $M$, around $2\times 10^{16}$ GeV. In both models the inflaton field values are constrained below $m_P$. The tensor to scalar ratio $r$ in non-minimal inflation is of the order of $10^{-3}$ and for standard hybrid inflation $r$ is tiny, of order $10^{-15}-10^{-4}$. The scalar spectral index in both cases lie within the Planck 1-$\sigma$ bounds, and the running of the scalar spectral index lies in the range, $-d{n}_s/d\ln k\sim 6\times 10^{-4}$ for non-minimal model and $10^{-9}-10^{-3}$ for the standard hybrid model. A realistic scenario of reheating and non-thermal leptogenesis is employed with reheat temperature $T_r\sim 10^9$ GeV for non-minimal model and $10^6-10^{10}$~GeV for standard hybrid model. The $R$-symmetry plays a vital role in forbidding rapid proton decay, but at the same time it also suppresses terms responsible for generating right handed neutrino masses. A realistic scenario of right handed neutrino masses is obtained by considering effective $R$ symmetry breaking at the nonrenormalizable level with adequate suppression of rapid proton decay.

   hep-phJCAP(2021)·16 citations
2. 02*

   Laboratory limits on the annihilation or decay of dark matter particles

   Teresa Marrodán Undagoitia🇩🇪 · Werner Rodejohann🇩🇪 · Tim Wolf🇩🇪 · Carlos E. Yaguna🇨🇴

   Constraints on the indirect detection of dark matter are usually obtained from observations of astrophysical objects -- the Galactic Center, dwarf galaxies, M31, etc. Here we propose instead to look for the annihilation or decay of dark matter particles taking place inside detectors searching \emph{directly} for dark matter or in large neutrino experiments. We show that the data from XENON1T and Borexino set limits on the annihilation and decay rate of dark matter particles with masses in the keV to few MeV range. All relevant final states are considered: annihilation into $\gamma \gamma$ and $e^{-}{e}^{+}$, and decays into $\gamma \gamma$, $\gamma \nu$ and $e^{-}{e}^{+}$. The expected sensitivities in XENONnT, DARWIN, JUNO and THEIA are also computed. Though weaker than current astrophysical bounds, the laboratory limits (and projections) obtained are free from the usual astrophysical uncertainties associated with $J$-factors and unknown backgrounds, and may thus offer a complementary probe of the dark matter properties. We point out that current and future (astro)particle physics detectors might also be used to set analogous limits for different decays and dark matter masses above a few MeV.

   hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exPTEP(2022)·8 citations
3. 03*

   Opportunities for inclusive diffraction at EIC

   Wojciech Slominski🇵🇱 · Nestor Armesto🇪🇸 · Paul R. Newman🇬🇧 · Anna Stasto🇺🇸

   The possibilities for inclusive diffraction in the Electron Ion Collider, EIC, in the US, are analyzed. We find that thanks to the excellent forward proton tagging, the EIC will be able to access a wider kinematical range of longitudinal momentum fraction and momentum transfer of the leading proton than at HERA. This opens up the possibility to measure subleading diffractive exchanges. The extended $t$-range would allow the precise extraction of 4-dimensional reduced cross section in diffraction. In addition, the varying beam energy setups at the EIC would allow for precise measurements of the longitudinal diffractive structure function.

   hep-phSciPost Phys.Proc.(2022)·2 citations
4. 04*

   Impact of fully coherent energy loss on heavy meson production in pA collisions

   François Arleo🇫🇷 · Greg Jackson🇺🇸 · Stéphane Peigné🇫🇷

   Hadron production in proton-nucleus (pA) collisions was previously shown to be suppressed by medium-induced fully coherent energy loss (FCEL). We show that the quenching of $D$ and $B$ mesons in pPb collisions at the LHC due solely to FCEL is, at least, on par with other nuclear effects such as gluon shadowing or saturation. This is consistent with previous findings for both quarkonium and light hadron production in pA collisions, emphasising that FCEL effects need to be included for a reliable understanding of hadron production measurements in pA collisions.

   hep-phJHEP(2022)·30 citations
5. 05*

   A different perspective on the vev insertion approximation for electroweak baryogenesis

   Marieke Postma🇳🇱

   In the vev insertion approximation (VIA) the spacetime dependent part of the mass matrix is treated as a perturbation. We calculate the source terms for baryogenesis expanding both the self-energy and propagator to first order in mass insertions, which gives the same results as the usual approach of calculating the self-energy at second order and using zeroth order propagators. This procedure shows explicitly the equivalence between including the mass in the free or in the interaction Lagrangian. The VIA source then originates from the same term in the kinetic equation as the semi-classical source, but at leading order in the derivative expansion (the expansion in diamond operators). On top, another type of derivative expansion is done, which we estimate to be valid for a bubble width larger than the inverse thermal width. This cuts off the divergence in the VIA source in the limit that the thermal width vanishes.

   hep-phJHEP(2021)·9 citations
6. 06*

   Future searches for SUSY at the LHC post Fermilab $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$

   Amin Aboubrahim🇩🇪 · Michael Klasen🇩🇪 · Pran Nath🇺🇸 · Raza M. Syed🇦🇪

   We assess the future directions for the search for supersymmetry at the Large Hadron Collider in view of the new precision results on the muon anomaly by the Fermilab Collaboration. The existence of a deviation of size 4.1$\sigma$ from the Standard Model prediction points to light sleptons and light weakinos in the mass range of few hundred GeV while the observation of the Higgs boson mass at $\sim 125$ GeV points to squark masses lying in the few TeV range. Thus a split sparticle spectrum is indicated. We discuss the possibility of such a split sparticle spectrum in the supergravity unified model and show that a splitting of the sfermion spectrum into light sleptons and heavy squarks naturally arises within radiative breaking of the electroweak symmetry driven by heavy gluinos ($\tilde{g}$SUGRA). We discuss the possible avenues for the discovery of supersymmetry at the LHC within this framework under the further constraint of the recent muon anomaly result from the Fermilab Collaboration. We show that the most likely candidates for early discovery of a sparticle at the LHC are the chargino, the stau, the smuon and the selectron. We present a set of benchmarks and discuss future directions for further work. Specifically, we point to the most promising channels for SUSY discovery and estimate the integrated luminosity needed for the discovery of these benchmarks at the High Luminosity LHC and also at the High Energy LHC.

   hep-ph14 citations
7. 07*

   Search strategy for gluinos at the LHC with a Higgs boson decaying into tau leptons

   Ernesto Arganda🇪🇸 · Antonio Delgado🇺🇸 · Roberto A. Morales🇪🇸 · Mariano Quirós🇪🇸

   The possibility in supersymmetric scenarios that the dark matter candidate is a Higgsino-like neutralino means that its production can be associated with Higgs bosons. Taking advantage of this fact, we propose a LHC search strategy for gluinos with $\tau$ leptons in the final state, coming from the decay of a Higgs boson. We consider the strong production of a pair of gluinos, one of which decays into the Higgsino plus jets while the other decays into the bino plus jets. In turn, this bino decays into the Higgsino plus a Higgs boson which finally decays into a $\tau$-lepton pair. Therefore, the experimental signature under study consists of 4 jets, 2 $\tau$ leptons, and a large amount of missing transverse energy. Our cut-based search strategy allows us to reach, for a LHC center-of-mass energy of 14 TeV and a total integrated luminosity of 1 ab${}^{-1}$, significances of up to 2 standard deviations, considering systematic uncertainties in the SM background of 30\%. The projections for 3 ab${}^{-1}$ are encouraging, with significances at the evidence level, which in more optimistic experimental scenarios could exceed 4 standard deviations.

   hep-phEPJC(2022)·3 citations
8. 08*

   Semiclassical Effects in Color Flavor Locked Strange Stars

   Guilherme Lorenzatto Volkmer🇧🇷 · Dimiter Hadjimichef🇧🇷

   Strange stars in the color flavor locked phase, as described by a generalization of the phenomenological MIT bag model proposed in the context of color superconductivity, are studied through a model motivated by the semiclassical solutions for hydrostatic equilibrium. Results show that within this framework it is possible to find ultracompact configurations situated between regular compact stars and black holes.

   hep-phgr-qcBraz.J.Phys.(2022)·5 citations
9. 09*

   Transverse Momentum Dependent Gluon Distribution within High Energy Factorization at Next-to-Leading Order

   Martin Hentschinski🇲🇽

   We discuss Transverse Momentum Dependent (TMD) gluon distributions within high energy factorization at next-to-leading order in the strong coupling within the framework of Lipatov's high energy effective action. We provide a detailed discussion of both rapidity divergences related to the TMD definition and its soft factor on the one hand, and rapidity divergences due to high energy factorization on the other hand, and discuss common features and differences between Collins-Soper (CS) and Balitsky-Fadin-Kuarev-Lipatov (BFKL) evolution. While we confirm earlier results which state that the unpolarized and linearly polarized gluon TMD agree in the BFKL limit at leading order, we find that both distributions differ, once next-to-leading order corrections are being included. Unlike previous results, our framework allows to recover the complete anomalous dimension associated with Collins-Soper-Sterman (CSS) evolution of the TMD distribution, including also single-logarithmic terms in the CSS evolution. As an additional result we provide a definition of $k_T$-factorization, i.e. matching of off-shell coefficients to collinear factorization at next-to-leading order within high energy factorization and the effective action framework. We furthermore establish a link between the QCD operator definition of the TMD gluon distribution and a previously derived off-shell TMD gluon-to-gluon splitting function, which is within the present framework obtained as the real 1-loop correction.

   hep-phPRD(2021)·55 citations
10. 10*

    Bottomonium production in heavy-ion collisions using quantum trajectories: Differential observables and momentum anisotropy

    Nora Brambilla🇩🇪 · Miguel Ángel Escobedo🇪🇸 · Michael Strickland🇺🇸 · Antonio Vairo🇩🇪 · Peter Vander Griend🇩🇪 · Johannes Heinrich Weber🇩🇪

    We report predictions for the suppression and elliptic flow of the ${\rm Y}(1S)$, ${\rm Y}(2S)$, and ${\rm Y}(3S)$ as a function of centrality and transverse momentum in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We obtain our predictions by numerically solving a Lindblad equation for the evolution of the heavy-quarkonium reduced density matrix derived using potential nonrelativistic QCD and the formalism of open quantum systems. To numerically solve the Lindblad equation, we make use of a stochastic unraveling called the quantum trajectories algorithm. This unraveling allows us to solve the Lindblad evolution equation efficiently on large lattices with no angular momentum cutoff. The resulting evolution describes the full 3D quantum and non-abelian evolution of the reduced density matrix for bottomonium states. We expand upon our previous work by treating differential observables and elliptic flow; this is made possible by a newly implemented Monte-Carlo sampling of physical trajectories. Our final results are compared to experimental data collected in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV Pb-Pb collisions by the ALICE, ATLAS, and CMS collaborations.

    hep-phnucl-exnucl-thphysics.comp-phPRD(2021)·71 citations
11. 11*

    The three-loop unpolarized and polarized non-singlet anomalous dimensions from off shell operator matrix elements

    J. Blümlein🇩🇪 · P. Marquard🇩🇪 · C. Schneider🇦🇹 · K. Schönwald🇩🇪

    We calculate the unpolarized and polarized three--loop anomalous dimensions and splitting functions $P_{\mathrm{NS}}^{+},P_{\mathrm{NS}}^{-}$ and $P_{\mathrm{NS}}^{\mathrm{s}}$ in QCD in the $\overline{\mathsf{MS}}$ scheme by using the traditional method of space--like off shell massless operator matrix elements. This is a gauge--dependent framework. For the first time we also calculate the three--loop anomalous dimensions $P_{\mathrm{NS}}^{\pm \mathrm{tr}}$ for transversity directly. We compare our results to the literature.

    hep-phhep-lathep-thNPB(2021)·135 citations
12. 12*

    Flavor Invariants and Renormalization-group Equations in the Leptonic Sector with Massive Majorana Neutrinos

    Yilin Wang🇨🇳 · Bingrong Yu🇨🇳 · Shun Zhou🇨🇳

    In the present paper, we carry out a systematic study of the flavor invariants and their renormalization-group equations (RGEs) in the leptonic sector with three generations of charged leptons and massive Majorana neutrinos. First, following the approach of the Hilbert series from the invariant theory, we show that there are 34 basic flavor invariants in the generating set, among which 19 invariants are CP-even and the others are CP-odd. Any flavor invariants can be expressed as the polynomials of those 34 basic invariants in the generating set. Second, we explicitly construct all the basic invariants and derive their RGEs, which form a closed system of differential equations as they should. The numerical solutions to the RGEs of the basic flavor invariants have also been found. Furthermore, we demonstrate how to extract physical observables from the basic invariants. Our study is helpful for understanding the algebraic structure of flavor invariants in the leptonic sector, and also provides a novel way to explore leptonic flavor structures.

    hep-phJHEP(2021)·43 citations
13. 13*

    Dark Lepton Superfluid in Proto-Neutron Stars

    Sanjay Reddy🇺🇸 · Dake Zhou🇺🇸

    We find that sub-GeV neutrino portal bosons that carry lepton number can condense inside a proto-neutron star (newly born neutron star). These bosons are produced copiously and form a Bose-Einstein condensate for a range of as yet unconstrained coupling strengths to neutrinos. The condensate is a lepton number superfluid with transport properties that differ dramatically from those encountered in ordinary dense baryonic matter. We discuss how this phase could alter the evolution of proto-neutron stars and comment on the implications for neutrino signals and nucleosynthesis.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEPRD(2022)·17 citations
14. 14*

    Six-pion amplitude

    Johan Bijnens🇸🇪 · Tomáš Husek (Lund U.)🇸🇪

    Within the framework of the massive O($N$) nonlinear sigma model extended to the next-to-leading order in the chiral counting (for $N=3$ corresponding to the two(-quark)-flavor Chiral Perturbation Theory), we calculate the relativistic six-pion scattering amplitude at low energy up to and including terms $\mathcal{O}(p^4)$. Results for the pion mass, decay constant and the four-pion amplitude in the case of $N$ (meson) flavors at $\mathcal{O}(p^4)$ are also presented.

    hep-phhep-latPRD(2021)·23 citations
15. 15*

    Dark matter production and reheating via direct inflaton couplings: collective effects

    Oleg Lebedev🇫🇮 · Fedor Smirnov🇷🇺 · Timofey Solomko🇷🇺 · Jong-Hyun Yoon🇫🇮

    We study scalar dark matter production and reheating via renormalizable inflaton couplings, which include both quartic and trilinear interactions. These processes often depend crucially on collective effects such as resonances, backreaction and rescattering of the produced particles. To take them into account, we perform lattice simulations and map out parameter space producing the correct (non-thermal) dark matter density. We find that the inflaton-dark matter system can reach a quasi-equilibrium state during preheating already at very small couplings, in which case the dark matter abundance becomes independent of the inflaton-dark matter coupling and is described by a universal formula. Dark matter is readily overproduced and even tiny values of the direct inflaton couplings can be sufficient to get the right composition of the Universe, which reaffirms their importance in cosmology.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2021)·22 citations
16. 16*

    Two photon exchange contribution to small angle $\mu p$ and $ep$ elastic scattering

    M.G. Ryskin🇷🇺

    We consider the role of the two-photon corrections to the small angle $\mu p$ and $ep$ elastic scattering and the expected $\sigma ({\mu }^{-}p)/\sigma ({\mu }^{+}p)$ ratio.

    hep-ph0 citations
17. 17*

    More on the flavor dependence of $m_{\varrho }/f_{\pi }$

    Andrey Yu. Kotov🇩🇪 · Daniel Nogradi🇭🇺 · Kalman K. Szabo🇩🇪 · Lorinc Szikszai🇭🇺

    In previous work, arXiv:1905.01909, we have calculated the $m_{\varrho }/f_{\pi }$ ratio in the chiral and continuum limit for $SU(3)$ gauge theory coupled to $N_f=2,3,4,5,6$ fermions in the fundamental representation. The main result was that this ratio displays no statistically significant $N_f$-dependence. In the present work we continue the study of the $N_f$-dependence by extending the simulations to $N_f=7,8,9,10$. Along the way we also study in detail the $N_f$-dependence of finite volume effects on low energy observables and a particular translational symmetry breaking unphysical, lattice artefact phase specific to staggered fermions.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phJHEP(2021)·16 citations
18. 18*

    High-energy Neutrinos from Stellar Explosions in Active Galactic Nuclei Accretion Disks

    Jin-Ping Zhu🇨🇳 · Kai Wang🇨🇳 · Bing Zhang🇺🇸

    Some catastrophic stellar explosions, such as supernovae (SNe), compact binary coalescences, and micro-tidal disruption events, are believed to be embedded in the accretion disks of active galactic nuclei (AGN). We show high-energy neutrinos can be produced efficiently through $pp$-interactions between shock-accelerated cosmic rays and AGN disk materials shortly after the explosion ejecta shock breaks out of the disk. AGN stellar explosions are ideal targets for joint neutrino and electromagnetic (EM) multimessenger observations. Future EM follow-up observations of neutrino bursts can help us search for yet-discovered AGN stellar explosions. We suggest that AGN stellar explosions could potentially be important astrophysical neutrino sources. The contribution from AGN stellar explosions to the observed diffuse neutrino background depends on the uncertain local event rate densities of these events in AGN disks. By considering thermonuclear SNe, core-collaspe SNe, gamma-ray burst associated SNe, kilonovae, and choked GRBs in AGN disks with known theoretical local event rate densities, we show that these events may contribute to $\lesssim 10\%$ of the observed diffuse neutrino background.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.GAastro-ph.SRhep-phApJL(2021)·29 citations
19. 19*

    QTRAJ 1.0: A Lindblad equation solver for heavy-quarkonium dynamics

    Hisham Ba Omar🇺🇸 · Miguel Ángel Escobedo🇪🇸 · Ajaharul Islam🇺🇸 · Michael Strickland🇺🇸 · Sabin Thapa🇺🇸 · Peter Vander Griend🇩🇪 · Johannes Heinrich Weber🇩🇪

    We introduce an open-source package called QTraj that solves the Lindblad equation for heavy-quarkonium dynamics using the quantum trajectories algorithm. The package allows users to simulate the suppression of heavy-quarkonium states using externally-supplied input from 3+1D hydrodynamics simulations. The code uses a split-step pseudo-spectral method for updating the wave-function between jumps, which is implemented using the open-source multi-threaded FFTW3 package. This allows one to have manifestly unitary evolution when using real-valued potentials. In this paper, we provide detailed documentation of QTraj 1.0, installation instructions, and present various tests and benchmarks of the code.

    ↳ physics.comp-phhep-phnucl-thquant-phComput.Phys.Commun.(2022)·39 citations
20. 20*

    Boson dark matter halos with a dominant noncondensed component

    Iskander G. Abdullin🇷🇺 · Vladimir A. Popov🇷🇺

    We consider galaxy halos formed by dark matter bosons with mass in the range of about a few tens or hundreds eV. A major part of the particles is in a noncondensed state and described under the Thomas-Fermi approach. Derived equations are solved numerically to find the halo density profile. The noncondensed state is supported in the entire halo except compact gravitationally bounded Bose-Einstein condensates. Although the size of these compact objects, also known as Bose stars, depends on interactions between the particles, its upper limit is only about 100 astronomical units. The Bose stars collect the condensed bosons providing a density cusp avoidance in the halo as well as a natural mechanism to prevent overproduction of small halos. Clusters of the Bose stars can also contribute to the halo density profile. The model is analyzed by confronting its predictions with observations of galaxy rotation curves. We employ 22 low surface brightness galaxies and obtain that the model is consistent with the observational data when the particle mass is in the range above about 50 eV and the best fit corresponds to the mass $m=86$ eV. This mass is appropriate for relic dark matter bosons, which decouple just after QCD phase transition.

    ↳ astro-ph.GAgr-qchep-phJCAP(2021)·2 citations
21. 21*

    Study of proton parton distribution functions at high x

    Ritu Aggarwal (on behalf of the ZEUS Collaboration)🇮🇳

    At large values of $x$ the parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton are poorly constrained and there are considerable variations between different global fits. Data at such high $x$ have already been published by the ZEUS Collaboration, but not yet used in PDF extractions. A technique for comparing predictions based on different PDF sets to the observed number of events in the ZEUS data is presented. It is applied to compare predictions from the most commonly used PDFs to published ZEUS data at high Bjorken $x$. A wide variation is found in the ability of the PDFs to predict the observed results. A scheme for including the ZEUS high $x$ data in future PDF extractions is discussed.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph0 citations
22. 22*

    Finding sound shells in LISA mock data using likelihood sampling

    Felix Giese🇩🇪 · Thomas Konstandin🇩🇪 · Jorinde van de Vis🇩🇪

    We study to what extend LISA can observe features of gravitational wave spectra originating from cosmological first-order phase transitions. We focus on spectra which are of the form of double-broken power laws. These spectra are predicted by hydrodynamic simulations and also analytical models such as the sound shell model. We argue that the ratio of the two break frequencies is an interesting observable since it can be related to the wall velocity while overall amplitude and frequency range are often degenerate for the numerous characteristics of the phase transition. Our analysis uses mock data obtained from the power spectra predicted by the simplified simulations and the sound shell model and analyzes the detection prospects using ${\chi }^2$-minimization and likelihood sampling. We point out that the prospects of observing two break frequencies from the electroweak phase transition is hindered by a shift of the spectrum to smaller frequencies for strong phase transitions. Finally, we also highlight some differences between signals from the sound shell model compared to simulations.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2021)·30 citations
23. 23*

    Constraining positron emission from pulsar populations with AMS-02 data

    Luca Orusa🇮🇹 · Silvia Manconi🇩🇪 · Fiorenza Donato🇮🇹 · Mattia Di Mauro🇮🇹

    The cosmic-ray flux of positrons is measured with high precision by the space-borne particle spectrometer AMS-02. The hypothesis that pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) can significantly contribute to the excess of the positron ($e^{+}$) cosmic-ray flux has been consolidated after the observation of a $\gamma$-ray emission at TeV energies of a few degree size around Geminga and Monogem PWNe. In this work we undertake massive simulations of Galactic pulsars populations, adopting different distributions for their position in the Galaxy, intrinsic physical properties, pair emission models, in order to overcome the incompleteness of the ATNF catalog. We fit the $e^{+}$ AMS-02 data together with a secondary component due to collisions of primary cosmic rays with the interstellar medium. We find that several mock galaxies have a pulsar population able to explain the observed $e^{+}$ flux, typically by few, bright sources. We determine the physical parameters of the pulsars dominating the $e^{+}$ flux, and assess the impact of different assumptions on radial distributions, spin-down properties, Galactic propagation scenarios and $e^{+}$ emission time.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phJCAP(2021)·45 citations
24. 24*

    The Dark Side of the Universe

    A. De Rújula🇪🇸

    A view on the history and current status of dark matter and dark energy, at a fairly introductory level.

    ↳ physics.pop-phastro-ph.GAgr-qchep-ph+11 citation

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.