Tue·Jun 1, 2021Tuesday·June 1, 2021

1. 01*

   The framework for a common origin of ${\delta }_{\mathrm{CKM}}$ and ${\delta }_{\mathrm{PMNS}}$

   João M. Alves (Lisbon, CFTP)🇵🇹 · Francisco J. Botella (Valencia U., IFIC)🇪🇸 · Gustavo C. Branco (Lisbon, CFTP)🇵🇹 · Fernando Cornet-Gomez🇪🇸 · Miguel Nebot (Valencia U., IFIC)🇪🇸

   We analyse a possible connection between CP violations in the quark and lepton sectors, parametrised by the CKM and PMNS phases. If one assumes that CP breaking arises from complex Yukawa couplings, both in the quark and lepton sectors, the above connection is not possible in general, since Yukawa couplings in the two sectors have independent flavour structures. We show that both the CKM and PMNS phases can instead be generated by a vacuum phase in a class of two Higgs doublet models, and in this case a connection may be established. This scenario requires the presence of scalar FCNC at tree level, both in the quark and lepton sectors. The appearance of these FCNC is an obstacle and a blessing. An obstacle since one has to analyse which models are able to conform to the strict experimental limits on FCNC, both in the quark and lepton sectors. A blessing, because this class of models is falsifiable since FCNC arise at a level which can be probed experimentally in the near future, specially in the processes $h\to e^{\pm }{\tau }^{\mp }$ and $t\to hc$. The connection between CP violations in CKM and PMNS is explicitely illustrated in models with Minimal Flavour Violation.

   hep-phhep-exEPJC(2021)·9 citations
2. 02*

   Neutrino Oscillations at JUNO, the Born Rule, and Sorkin's Triple Path Interference

   Patrick Huber🇺🇸 · Hisakazu Minakata🇺🇸 · Djordje Minic🇺🇸 · Rebekah Pestes🇺🇸 · Tatsu Takeuchi🇺🇸

   We argue that neutrino oscillations at JUNO offer a unique opportunity to study Sorkin's triple-path interference, which is predicted to be zero in canonical quantum mechanics by virtue of the Born rule. In particular, we compute the expected bounds on triple-path interference at JUNO and demonstrate that they are comparable to those already available from electromagnetic probes. Furthermore, the neutrino probe of the Born rule is much more direct due to an intrinsic independence from any boundary conditions, whereas such dependence on boundary conditions is always present in the case of electromagnetic probes. Thus, neutrino oscillations present an ideal probe of this aspect of the foundations of quantum mechanics.

   hep-phquant-phPRD(2022)·12 citations
3. 03*

   New $[SU(3){]}^4$ Realization of Lepton/Dark Symmetry

   Ernest Ma (UC Riverside)🇺🇸

   Extending the well-known $SU(3{)}_C\times SU(3{)}_L\times SU(3{)}_R$ model of quarks and leptons to include a fourth $SU(3{)}_N$ gauge factor, a new realization is obtained, different from leptonic color, which contains a lepton/dark symmetry with the help of an input $Z_4$ symmetry. It is seen to encompass a previous extension of the standard model to $SU(2{)}_N$ lepton symmetry.

   hep-phPLB(2021)·3 citations
4. 04*

   $P_c$ Resonances in the Compact Pentaquark Picture

   Wiriya Ruangyoo🇹🇭 · Kanokphon Phumphan🇹🇭 · Chia-Chu Chen🇹🇭 · Ayut Limphirat🇹🇭 · Yupeng Yan🇹🇭

   $P_c$ resonances are studied in the approach of quark model and group theory. It is found that there are totally 17 possible pentaquark states with the quark contents $q^{3}Q\bar{Q}$ ($q$ are $u$ and $d$ quarks; $Q$ is $c$ quark) in the compact pentaquark picture, where the hidden heavy pentaquark states may take the color singlet-singlet ($[111{]}_{qqq}\otimes [111{]}_{c\bar{c}}$) and color octet-octet ($[21{]}_{qqq}\otimes [21{]}_{c\bar{c}}$) configurations. The partial decay widths of hidden heavy pentaquark states are calculated for all possible decay channels. The results show that the $pJ/\psi$ is the dominant decay channel for both the spin $3/2$ and $1/2$ pentaquark states, and indicate that the $P_c(4440)$ may not be a compact pentaquark state while $P_c(4312)$ and $P_c(4457)$ could be the spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ and spin-$\frac{3}{2}$ pentaquark states, respectively.

   hep-phJ.Phys.G(2022)·23 citations
5. 05*

   NNLO QCD predictions of the electron charge asymmetry for the inclusive $pp\to W+X$ production in the forward region at 13 TeV and 14 TeV

   Kadir Ocalan🇹🇷

   This paper presents perturbative QCD predictions of the electron charge asymmetry for the inclusive $W^{\pm }+X\to e^{\pm }\nu +X$ production in proton-proton (pp) collisions. Perturbative QCD calculations are performed at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) accuracy by using different parton distribution function (PDF) models at 8 TeV, 13 TeV, and 14 TeV center-of-mass energies of the CERN LHC pp collisions. The NNLO calculations are performed for the electrons to have transverse momentum more than 20 GeV in the forward electron pseudorapidity region $2.0\le {\eta }_e\le 4.25$. The NNLO predictions are first compared at 8 TeV with the measurement of the LHCb experiment at the LHC for the W${}^{+}$/W${}^{-}$ cross section ratio and charge asymmetry distributions. The 8 TeV predictions using NNPDF3.1, CT14, and MMHT2014 PDF sets are reported to be in good agreement with the LHCb data for the entire ${\eta }_e$ region justifying the extension of the calculations to 13 TeV and 14 TeV energies. The charge asymmetry predictions at NNLO accuracy are also reported in the forward ${\eta }_e$ bins at 13 TeV and 14 TeV and compared among NNPDF3.1, CT14, and MMHT2014 PDF sets. Overall the predicted W${}^{\pm }$ differential cross section and charge asymmetry distributions based on different PDF sets are found to be consistent with each other for the entire ${\eta }_e$ region. The charge asymmetry distributions are shown to be more sensitive to discriminate among different PDF models in the 14 TeV predictions.

   hep-phCPC(2021)·3 citations
6. 06*

   Modulus $\tau$ linking leptonic CP violation to baryon asymmetry in $A_4$ modular invariant flavor model

   Hiroshi Okada🇰🇷 · Yusuke Shimizu🇯🇵 · Morimitsu Tanimoto🇯🇵 · Takahiro Yoshida🇯🇵

   We propose an $A_4$ modular invariant flavor model of leptons, in which both CP and modular symmetries are broken spontaneously by the vacuum expectation value of the modulus $\tau$. The value of the modulus $\tau$ is restricted by the observed lepton mixing angles and lepton masses for the normal hierarchy of neutrino masses at $3\sigma$ confidence level. The predictive Dirac CP phase ${\delta }_{CP}$ is in the ranges $[0^{\circ },50^{\circ }]$, $[170^{\circ },175^{\circ }]$ and $[280^{\circ },360^{\circ }]$ for $\mathrm{Re}[\tau ]<0$, and $[0^{\circ },80^{\circ }]$, $[185^{\circ },190^{\circ }]$ and $[310^{\circ },360^{\circ }]$ for $\mathrm{Re}[\tau ]>0$ at $3\sigma$ confidence level. The sum of three neutrino masses is predicted in $[60,84]$ meV, and the effective mass for the $0\nu \beta \beta$ decay is in [0.003, 3] meV. On the other hand, there is no allowed region of the modulus $\tau$ for the inverted hierarchy of neutrino masses at $3\sigma$ confidence level. The modulus $\tau$ links the Dirac CP phase to the cosmological baryon asymmetry (BAU) via the leptogenesis. Due to the strong wash-out effect, the predictive baryon asymmetry $Y_B$ can be at most the same order of the observed value. Then, the lightest right-handed neutrino mass is restricted in the range of $M_1=[1.5,6.5]\times 10^{13}$ GeV. We find the correlation between the predictive $Y_B$ and the Dirac CP phase ${\delta }_{CP}$. Only two predictive ${\delta }_{CP}$ ranges, $[5^{\circ },40^{\circ }]$ ($\mathrm{Re}[\tau ]>0$) and $[320^{\circ },355^{\circ }]$ ($\mathrm{Re}[\tau ]<0$) are consistent with the BAU.

   hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exJHEP(2021)·42 citations
7. 07*

   Heavy quark transport coefficients in a viscous QCD medium with collisional and radiative processes

   Adiba Shaikh🇮🇳 · Manu Kurian🇮🇳 · Santosh K. Das🇮🇳 · Vinod Chandra🇮🇳 · Sadhana Dash🇮🇳 · Basanta K. Nandi🇮🇳

   The heavy quark drag and momentum diffusion coefficients in the presence of both the collisional and radiative processes have been studied in a hot viscous QCD medium. The thermal medium effects are incorporated by employing the effective fugacity quasiparticle model based on the lattice QCD equation of state. Viscous effects are embedded into the heavy quark transport through the near-equilibrium distribution functions of the constituent medium particles of the quark-gluon plasma. The viscous corrections to the momentum distributions have been estimated from the effective Boltzmann equation. The effect of shear viscous correction to drag and diffusion is investigated by considering the soft gluon radiation by heavy quarks along with the elastic collisional processes of the heavy quark with the light quarks and gluons within the QGP medium. The momentum and temperature dependence of the heavy quark transport coefficients are seen to be sensitive to the viscous coefficient of the QGP for the collisional and radiative processes. The collisional and radiative energy loss of the heavy quark in the viscous quark-gluon plasma has also been explored.

   hep-phPRD(2021)·23 citations
8. 08*

   Strangeness Enhancement at LHC Energies using the thermal model and EPOSLHC event-generator

   Mahmoud Hanafy🇪🇬 · Omnia S.A. Qandil🇪🇬 · Asmaa G. Shalaby🇪🇬

   The strangeness enhancement signature of QGP formation at LHC energies is carefully tackled in the present study. Based on HRG, the particle ratios of mainly strange and multi-strange particles are studied at energies from lower $\sqrt{s}\sim$ 0.001 up to 13 TeV. The strangeness enhancement clearly appeared at more higher energies, and the ratios are confronted to the available experimental data. The particle ratios are also studied using the Cosmic Ray Monte Carlo (CRMC) interface model with its two different event generators namely; EPOS $1.99$ and EPOSlhc which show a good agreement with the model calculations at the whole range of the energy. We utilize to produce some ratios. EPOS $1.99$ is used to estimate particle ratios at lower energies from AGS up to the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) while EPOSlhc is used at LHC energies. The production of kaons and lambda particles is studied in terms of the mean multiplicity in p-p collisions at energies ranging from 4 - 26 GeV. We find that both HRG model and the used event generators, EPOS $1.99$ and EPOSlhc, can describe the particle ratios very well. Additionally, the freeze-out parameters are estimated for different collision systems, such as p-p and Pb-Pb, at LHC energies using both models.

   hep-phAdv.High Energy Phys.(2021)·0 citations
9. 09*

   New insight on the quark condensate beyond chiral limit

   Ling-feng Chen🇨🇳 · Zhan Bai🇨🇳 · Fei Gao🇩🇪 · Yu-xin Liu🇨🇳

   With analyzing the mass function obtained by solving Dyson-Schwinger Equations, we propose a cut-off independent definition of quark condensate beyond chiral limit. With this well-defined condensate, we then analyze the evolution of the condensate and its susceptibility with the current quark mass. The susceptibility shows a critical mass in the neighborhood of the s-quark current mass, which defines a transition boundary for internal hadron dynamics.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2021)·7 citations
10. 10*

    Do we need to use regularization on the thermal part in the NJL model?

    Kai Xue🇨🇳 · Xiaozhu Yu🇨🇳 · Xinyang Wang🇨🇳

    The Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model is one of the most useful tools to study non-perturbative strong interaction matter. Because it is a nonrenormalizable model, the choosing of regularization is a subtle issue. In this paper, we discuss one of the general things of the regularization in the NJL model, which is whether we need to use the regularization on the thermal part by evaluating the quark chiral condensate and thermal properties in the two-flavor NJL model. The calculations in this work include three regularization schemes that contain both gauge covariant and invariant schemes. We found no matter which regularization scheme we choose, it is necessary to use the regularization on the thermal part when calculating the chiral condensate related physics quantities and do not use the regularization on the thermal part when calculating the grand potential related physical quantities.

    hep-phnucl-thCPC(2022)·13 citations
11. 11*

    Resolving a challenging supersymmetric low-scale seesaw scenario at the ILC

    Joaquin Masias🇵🇪

    We investigate a scenario inspired by natural supersymmetry, where neutrino data is explained within a low-scale seesaw scenario. For this the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model is extended by adding light right-handed neutrinos and their superpartners, the R-sneutrinos. Moreover, we consider the lightest electroweakinos to be higgsino-like. We demonstrate that a prospective international $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ linear collider with a center of mass energy of 1 TeV will be able to discover sleptons in scenarios which can be difficult for current colliders. Moreover, we also show that a measurement of the spectrum will be possible within 1-3 per-cent accuracy.

    hep-ph0 citations
12. 12*

    Three-loop soft anomalous dimensions for top-quark processes

    Nikolaos Kidonakis🇺🇸

    I present results for soft anomalous dimensions through three loops for several processes involving the production of top quarks. In particular, I discuss single-top and top-pair production. I also present some numerical results for double-differential distributions in $t\bar{t}$ production through approximate N${}^3$LO.

    hep-phSciPost Phys.Proc.(2022)·2 citations
13. 13*

    Phenomenology of the Hidden SU(2) Vector Dark Matter Model

    Nabil Baouche (Jijel U, & ENS-Kouba Algiers) · Amine Ahriche (Sharjah U. & ICTP Trieste) · Gaber Faisel (Isparta U.) & Salah Nasri (UAEU. Al-Ain & ICTP Trieste)

    We investigate the phenomenology of an extension of the Standard Model (SM) by a non-abelian gauge group $SU(2{)}_{HS}$ where all SM particles are singlets under this gauge group, and a new scalar representation $\varphi$ that is singlet under SM gauge group and doublet under $SU(2{)}_{HS}$. In this model, the dark matter (DM) candidates are the three mass degenerate dark photons $A_i$ $(i=1,2,3)$ of $SU(2{)}_{HS}$; and the hidden sector interacts with the (SM) particles through the Higgs portal interactions. Consequently, there will be a new CP-even scalar $\eta$ that could be either heavier or lighter than the SM-like Higgs. By taking into account all theoretical and experimental constraints such as perturbativity, unitarity, vacuum stability, non-SM Higgs decays, DM direct detection, DM relic density, we found viable DM is possible in the range from GeV to TeV. Within the viable parameters space, the both of the triple Higgs coupling and the di-Higgs production at LHC14 could be enhanced or reduced depending on the scalar mixing and the mass of the scalar particle $\eta$.

    hep-phPRD(2021)·30 citations
14. 14*

    Hidden Photon and Axion Dark Matter from Symmetry Breaking

    Kazunori Nakayama🇯🇵 · Wen Yin🇯🇵

    A light hidden photon or axion-like particle is a good dark matter candidate and they are often associated with the spontaneous breaking of dark global or gauged U(1) symmetry. We consider the dark Higgs dynamics around the phase transition in detail taking account of the portal coupling between the dark Higgs and the Standard Model Higgs as well as various thermal effects. We show that the (would-be) Nambu-Goldstone bosons are efficiently produced via a parametric resonance with the resonance parameter $q\sim 1$ at the hidden symmetry breaking. In the simplest setup, which predicts a second order phase transition, this can explain the dark matter abundance for the axion or hidden photon as light as sub eV. Even lighter mass, as predicted by the QCD axion model, can be consistent with dark matter abundance in the case of first order phase transition, in which case the gravitational wave signals may be detectable by future experiments such as LISA and DECIGO.

    hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qcJHEP(2021)·58 citations
15. 15*

    NLO fragmentation functions for a quark into a spin-singlet quarkonium: Same flavor case

    Xu-Chang Zheng🇨🇳 · Xing-Gang Wu🇨🇳 · Xu-Dong Huang🇨🇳

    In the paper, we calculate the fragmentation functions for $c\to {\eta }_c$ and $b\to {\eta }_b$ up to next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD accuracy. The ultraviolet divergences in the real corrections are removed through operator renormalization under the modified minimal subtraction scheme. We then obtain the fragmentation functions $D_{c\to {\eta }_c}(z,{\mu }_F)$ and $D_{b\to {\eta }_b}(z,{\mu }_F)$ up to NLO QCD accuracy, which are presented as figures and fitting functions. The numerical results show that the NLO corrections are significant. The sensitives of the fragmentation functions to the renormalization scale and the factorization scale are analyzed explicitly.

    hep-phJHEP(2021)·22 citations
16. 16*

    Flavored leptogenesis and Dirac CP violation

    Ananya Mukherjee🇮🇳 · Nimmala Narendra🇮🇳

    The parameterisation proposed by Casas and Ibarra in the year 2001 have shown promising role in the extraction of neutrino Yukawa coupling which is a basic ingredient of the seesaw mechanism generating neutrino mass. We pay special attention in establishing the crucial role of the Casas-Ibarra (CI) parameterisation in presence of two different orthogonal matrices, $R=\text{O}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{i}\mathbf{A}}$ and $R=\text{O}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathbf{A}}$ in order to investigate flavored leptogenesis. In the light of these two choices of the orthogonal matrix we examine the connection between the low energy and high energy CP violations along with certain interesting predictions on the low energy parameters namely, the lightest neutrino mass and the Dirac CP phase ($\delta$). Considering the right handed neutrino (RHN) mass window to be $10^8$ GeV, we show that Dirac phase leptogenesis is possible with the choices of these two orthogonal matrices. We choose a nearly degenerate spectrum for the RHN masses for having a successful leptogenesis. We also emphasize on presenting a range of the matrix elements of the skew symmetric matrix $\text{A}$. The results obtained in the present analysis underline the importance of understanding the status of CP violation in the low energy sector. We also discuss the phenomenological implications of these two case studies in the context of LFV considering the $\mu \to e\gamma$ decay process.

    hep-phJ.Phys.G(2023)·2 citations
17. 17*

    Minimalistic musings about the Standard Model

    Chris P. Korthals Altes

    \hspace{2,0cm}{{\bf A tribute to Martinus Veltman 1931-2021}} Martinus ("Tini") Veltman 's early contributions to the Standard Model were essential for its succes. After some nostalgic reminiscences, I turn to the Standard Model with a minimalistic attitude, the point of view that beyond the SM there is only the Planck scale. Known since long, the gravitational force can be obtained as the gauge theory of local Poincaré symmetry, called gauge gravity. This gauge theory of gravity embodies {\it per se} a Palatini formulation. This causes the potential of non-minimally coupled Higgs inflation to have an intriguing improved large field behaviour. Some of its effects are experimentally accessible or refutable. The question of quantum corrections is discussed.

    hep-phActa Phys.Polon.B(2021)·0 citations
18. 18*

    A systematic analysis of transverse momentum spectra of $J/\psi$ mesons in high energy collisions

    Xu-Hong Zhang🇨🇳 · Fu-Hu Liu🇨🇳 · Khusniddin K. Olimov🇺🇿

    We aggregate the transverse momentum spectra of $J/\psi$ mesons produced in high energy gold-gold (Au-Au), deuteron-gold ($d$-Au), lead-lead (Pb-Pb), proton-lead ($p$-Pb), and proton-(anti)proton ($p$-$p(\overline{p})$) collisions measured by several collaborations at the Relativistic Heavy Ion collider (RHIC), the Tevatron Proton-Antiproton Collider, and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The collision energy (the center-of-mass energy) gets involved in a large range from dozens of GeV to 13 TeV (the top LHC energy). We consider two participant or contributor partons, a charm quark and an anti-charm quark, in the production of $J/\psi$. The probability density of each quark is described by means of the modified Tsallis--Pareto-type function (the TP-like function) while considering that both quarks make suitable contributions to the $J/\psi$ transverse momentum spectrum. Therefore, the convolution of two TP-like functions is applied to represent the $J/\psi$ spectrum. We adopt the mentioned convolution function to fit the experimental data and find out the trends of the power exponent, effective temperature, and of the revised index with changing the centrality, rapidity, and collision energy. Beyond that, we capture the characteristic of $J/\psi$ spectrum, which is of great significance to better understand the production mechanism of $J/\psi$ in high energy collisions.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thIJMPE(2021)·9 citations
19. 19*

    Search for doubly-heavy dibaryons in the quark-delocalization color-screening model

    Zhuocheng Xia🇨🇳 · Saijun Fan🇨🇳 · Xinmei Zhu🇨🇳 · Hongxia Huang🇨🇳 · Jialun Ping🇨🇳

    We perform a systemical investigation of the low-lying doubly-heavy dibaryon systems with strange $S=0$, isospin $I=0$, $1$, $2$ and the angular momentum $J=0$, $1$, $2$, $3$ in the quark delocalization color screening model. We find the effect of channel-coupling cannot be neglected in the study of the multi-quark systems. Due to the heavy flavor symmetry, the results of the doubly-charm and doubly-bottom dibaryon systems are similar with each other. Both of them have three bound states, the quantum numbers of which are $IJ=00$, $IJ=02$ and $IJ=13$, respectively. The energies are $4554$ MeV, $4741$ MeV, and $4969$ MeV respectively for the doubly-charm systems and $11219$ MeV, $11416$ MeV, and $11633$ MeV respectively for the doubly-bottom dibaryon systems. Besides, six resonance states are obtained, which are $IJ=00$ $N{\Xi }_{cc}$ and $N{\Xi }_{bb}$ with resonance mass of $4716$ MeV and $11411$ MeV respectively, $IJ=11$ $N{\Xi }_{cc}^{\ast }$ and $N{\Xi }_{bb}^{\ast }$ with resonance mass of $4757$ MeV and $11432$ MeV respectively, and $IJ=12$ ${\Sigma }_c{\Sigma }_c^{\ast }$ and ${\Sigma }_b{\Sigma }_b^{\ast }$ with resonance mass of $4949$ MeV and $11626$ MeV respectively. All these heavy dibaryons are worth searching for on experiments, although it will be a challenging work.

    hep-phnucl-thPRC(2022)·29 citations
20. 20*

    Impact of axions on the Cassiopea A neutron star cooling

    Lev B. Leinson🇷🇺

    The observed anomalous steady decrease in surface temperature of the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A (Cas A), which was reported about ten years ago, has generated much debate. Several exotic cooling scenarios have been proposed using non-standard assumptions about the physics and evolution of this neutron star (NS). At present, significant corrections have been made to the observational data, which make it possible to numerically simulate the Cas A NS cooling process in the framework of the scenario of minimal neutrino cooling. If there is an additional source of cooling, such as axion emission, the steepness of the Cas A NS surface temperature drop will increase with the growth of the axion-nucleon interaction strength. This makes it possible to limit the minimum value of the axion decay constant $f_a$ using the condition that the NS surface temperature should be within the 99% confidence interval obtained from the observational data. Two types of axion models are considered: the Kim-Shifman-Weinstein-Zakharov -- KSVZ model and the Dean-Fischler-Srednitsky-Zhitnitsky --DFSZ model. The above criterion gives a lower limit on the axion decay constant, $f_a>3\times 10^7$ GeV and $f_a>4.5\times 10^8$ GeV for KSVZ and DFSZ axions, respectively.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEJCAP(2021)·44 citations
21. 21*

    Exclusive electro-weak production of a charmed meson at high energy

    B. Pire🇫🇷 · L. Szymanowski🇵🇱 · J. Wagner🇵🇱

    Exclusive electro-weak processes have peculiar features which make them complementary to usually discussed deeply virtual electroproduction processes such as deep virtual Compton scattering or meson production (and the corresponding crossed reactions). They allow in particular single charmed meson production, which we study in two different contexts : electroproduction at an electron ion collider and neutrino-production at a medium energy neutrino facility. We rely on the QCD collinear factorization framework where generalized parton distributions allow physicists to perform a nucleon tomography.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-exSciPost Phys.Proc.(2022)·1 citation
22. 22*

    Thermodynamics of the system of massive Dirac fermions in a uniform magnetic field

    Ren-Hong Fang🇨🇳 · Ren-Da Dong🇨🇳 · De-Fu Hou🇨🇳 · Bao-Dong Sun🇨🇳

    We construct the grand partition function of the system of massive Dirac fermions in a uniform magnetic field from Landau levels, through which all thermodynamic quantities can be obtained. Making use of the Abel-Plana formula, these thermodynamic quantities can be expanded as power series with respect to the dimensionless variable $b=2eB/T^2$. The zero-field magnetic susceptibility is expanded at zero mass, and the leading order term is logarithmic. We also calculate scalar, vector current, axial vector current and energy-momentum tensor of the system through ensemble average approach. Mass correction to chiral separation effect is discussed. For massless chiral fermions, our results recover the chiral magnetic effect for right- and left-handed fermions, as well as chiral separation effect.

    hep-phChin.Phys.Lett.(2021)·12 citations
23. 23*

    $Z$-boson production via the weak process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ in the presence of a circularly polarized laser field

    M. Ouali🇲🇦 · M. Ouhammou🇲🇦 · S. Taj🇲🇦 · B. Manaut🇲🇦

    In the centre of mass frame, we have studied theoretically the $Z$-boson resonant production in the presence of an intense laser field via the weak process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$. Dressing the incident particles by a Circularly Polarized laser field (CP-laser field), at the first step, shows that for a given laser field's parameters, the $Z$- boson cross section decreases by several orders of magnitude. We have compared the the Total Cross Section (TCS) obtained by using the scattering matrix method with that given by the Breit-Wigner approach in the presence of a CP-laser field and the results are found to be very consistent. This result indicates that Breit-Wigner formula is valid not only for the laser-free process but also in the presence of a CP-laser field. The dependence of the laser-assisted differential cross section on the Centre of Mass Energy (CME) for different scattering angles proves that it reaches its maximum for small and high scattering angles. At the next step and by dressing both incident and scattered particles, we have shown that the CP-laser field largely affects the TCS, especially when its strength reaches $10^{9}V.c{m}^{-1}$. This result confirms that obtained for the elastic electron-proton scattering in the presence of a CP-laser field [I. Dahiri et al., arXiv:2102.00722v1]. It is interpreted by the fact that heavy interacting particles require high laser field's intensity to affect the collision's cross section.

    hep-phChin.J.Phys.(2022)·21 citations
24. 24*

    Bounds on charged-lepton flavor violations via resonant scattering

    Emidio Gabrielli🇮🇹 · Barbara Mele🇮🇹 · Roberto Onofrio🇮🇹

    We explore the possibility of probing flavor violations in the charged-lepton sector by means of high-luminosity lepton-photon and electron-muon collisions, by inverting initial and final states in a variety of decay channels presently used to bound such violations. In particular, we analyse the resonant lepton, $\gamma \ell \to {\ell }^{\prime }$, and neutral-meson, $e^{-}{\mu }^{+}\to \varphi ,\eta ,{\pi }^0$, scattering channels, whose cross sections are critically dependent on the colliding-beams energy spread, being particularly demanding in the case of leptonic processes. For these processes, we compute upper bounds to the cross-section corresponding to present limits on the inverse decay channel rates. In order to circumvent the beam energy spread limitations we extend the analysis to processes in which a photon accompanies the resonance in the final state, compensating the off-shellness effects by radiative return. These processes might be studied at future facilities with moderate energies, in case lepton-photon and electron-muon collisions with sufficiently high luminosity will be available.

    hep-phhep-exPLB(2021)·0 citations
25. 25*

    The use of Generative Adversarial Networks to characterise new physics in multi-lepton final states at the LHC

    Thabang Lebese🇿🇦 · Xifeng Ruan🇿🇦

    Semi-supervision in Machine Learning can be used in searches for new physics where the signal plus background regions are not labelled. This strongly reduces model dependency in the search for signals Beyond the Standard Model. This approach displays the drawback in that over-fitting can give rise to fake signals. Tossing toy Monte Carlo (MC) events can be used to estimate the corresponding trials factor through a frequentist inference. However, MC events that are based on full detector simulations are resource intensive. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can be used to mimic MC generators. GANs are powerful generative models, but often suffer from training instability. We henceforth show a review of GANs. We advocate the use of Wasserstein GAN (WGAN) with weight clipping and WGAN with gradient penalty (WGAN-GP) where the norm of gradient of the critic is penalized with respect to its input. Following the emergence of multi-lepton anomalies, we apply GANs for the generation of di-leptons final states in association with $b$-quarks at the LHC. A good agreement between the MC and the WGAN-GP generated events is found for the observables selected in the study.

    hep-phcs.LGhep-ex3 citations
26. 26*

    SMEFT Constraints on New Physics Beyond the Standard Model

    John Ellis🇬🇧

    The Fermi effective theory of the weak interaction helped identify the structure of the electroweak sector of the Standard Model, and the chiral effective Lagrangian pointed towards QCD as the theory of the strong interactions. The Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) is a systematic and model-independent framework for characterizing experimental deviations from the predictions of the Standard Model and pointing towards the structures of its possible extensions that is complementary to direct searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model. This talk summarizes results from the first global fit to data from LHC Run 2 and earlier experiments including dimension-6 SMEFT operators, and gives examples how it can be used to constrain scenarios for new physics beyond the Standard Model. In addition, some windows for probing dimension-8 SMEFT operators are also mentioned.

    hep-phhep-ex23 citations
27. 27*

    Probing gluon Bose correlations in DIS

    Alex Kovner🇺🇸 · Ming Li🇺🇸 · Vladimir V. Skokov🇺🇸

    We study correlations originating from the quantum nature of gluons in a hadronic wave function. Bose-Einstein correlation between identical particles lead to the enhancement in the number of pairs of gluons with the same quantum numbers and small relative momentum. We show that these preexisting correlations can be probed in Deep Inelastic Scattering experiments at high energy. Specifically, we consider diffractive dijet plus a third jet production. The azimuthal dependence displays a peak at the zero relative angle between the transverse momentum imbalance of the photon-going dijet and the transverse momentum of the hadron-going jet. Our calculations explicitly show that the peak originates from Bose enhancement. Comparing electron-proton to electron-nucleus collisions, we demonstrate that the nuclear target enhances the relative strength of the peak. With the future high luminosity Electron-Ion Collider the proposed measurements of gluon Bose enhancement become experimentally feasible.

    hep-phnucl-thPRL(2022)·5 citations
28. 28*

    Probing ALPs at the CERN Gamma Factory

    Reuven Balkin🇮🇱 · Mieczyslaw W. Krasny🇫🇷 · Teng Ma🇮🇱 · Benjamin R. Safdi🇺🇸 · Yotam Soreq🇮🇱

    The aim of the proposed CERN Gamma Factory is to produce $\sim 10^{17}$ photons per second with energies up to 400 MeV. The photon beam intensity is expected to be a factor of $\mathcal{O}(10^7)$ larger than that of the presently available photon beams in the MeV energy range. In this work, we explore its potential to probe physics beyond the Standard Model. In particular, we discuss searches for axion like particles (ALPs) with dominant couplings to photons and consider various production scenarios - fixed target, photon-photon collision, and conversion by a magnetic field and detection schemes - via decay to photons or back-conversion. We find that the Gamma Factory in a fixed target mode can probe ALPs with mass $m_a\lesssim \mathcal{O}(100\mathrm{MeV})$ and decay constants larger than $10^7$ GeV, improving by an order of magnitude the discovery potential of previous beam dump experiments.

    hep-phhep-exAnnalen Phys.(2022)·21 citations
29. 29*

    Leptogenesis in an anomaly-free $\mathrm{U}(1)$ extension with higher-dimensional operators

    Kuldeep Deka🇮🇳 · Tanumoy Mandal🇮🇳 · Ananya Mukherjee🇮🇳 · Soumya Sadhukhan🇮🇳

    We explore an anomaly-free $\text{U}(1)$ gauge extended beyond the Standard model (BSM) framework, to account for the baryon asymmetry of the Universe, along with arranging for tiny neutrino mass. Neutrino masses are generated via higher-dimensional operators (HDOs) involving three right-handed neutrinos (RHNs) with gauge charges ($4$, $4$ and $-5$ respectively) and two BSM scalars. This is an attractive framework as it can accommodate a keV scale dark matter, with the lightest RHN being the candidate. The remaining two RHNs are quasi-degenerate at the TeV-scale, actively participating in the process of resonant leptogenesis through their decay governed by the same set of HDOs. The RHNs being at the TeV scale, make this framework relevant for studying flavored resonant leptogenesis. This TeV-scale resonant leptogenesis, after satisfying the neutrino oscillation data, leads to interesting predictions on the Yukawa sector of the model HDOs. The thermal evolution of the baryon asymmetry has followed the experimental results rather accurately in that corner of parameter space. As a matter of fact, this TeV-scale framework which in principle relies on the low scale resonant leptogenesis typically leads to predictions that potentially can be tested at the colliders. In particular, we consider the same-sign dilepton signature that arises from the RHN pair production through the decay of heavy gauge boson of the extra $\text{U}(1)$.

    hep-phNPB(2023)·12 citations
30. 30*

    Directly Probing the Higgs-top Coupling at High Scales

    Roshan Mammen Abraham🇺🇸 · Dorival Gonçalves🇺🇸 · Tao Han🇺🇸 · Sze Ching Iris Leung🇺🇸 · Han Qin🇺🇸

    We explore the sensitivity to new physics for the coupling of the Higgs boson ($h$) and top quark ($t$) at high energy scales with the process $pp\to t\bar{t}h$ at the high-luminosity LHC. This process probes the coupling in both the space-like and time-like domains at a high scale, complementary to the off-shell Higgs processes in the time-like domain. The effects from physics beyond the Standard Model are parametrized in terms of the effective field theory framework and a non-local Higgs-top form factor. Focusing on the boosted Higgs regime in association with jet substructure techniques, we show that the present search can directly probe the Higgs-top coupling to good precision, providing a strong sensitivity to the new physics scale.

    hep-phPLB(2022)·18 citations
31. 31*

    Earth as a transducer for dark-photon dark-matter detection

    Michael A. Fedderke🇺🇸 · Peter W. Graham🇺🇸 · Derek F. Jackson Kimball🇺🇸 · Saarik Kalia🇺🇸

    We propose the use of the Earth as a transducer for ultralight dark-matter detection. In particular we point out a novel signal of kinetically mixed dark-photon dark matter: a monochromatic oscillating magnetic field generated at the surface of the Earth. Similar to the signal in a laboratory experiment in a shielded box (or cavity), this signal arises because the lower atmosphere is a low-conductivity air gap sandwiched between the highly conductive interior of the Earth below and ionosphere or interplanetary medium above. At low masses (frequencies) the signal in a laboratory detector is usually suppressed by the size of the detector multiplied by the dark-matter mass. Crucially, in our case the suppression is by the radius of the Earth, and not by the (much smaller) height of the atmosphere. We compute the size and global vectorial pattern of our magnetic field signal, which enables sensitive searches for this signal using unshielded magnetometers dispersed over the surface of the Earth. In principle, the signal we compute exists for any dark photon in the mass range $10^{-21}\text{eV}\lesssim m_{A^{\prime }}\lesssim 3\times 10^{-14}\text{eV}$. We summarize the results of our companion paper [arXiv:2108.08852], in which we detail such a search using a publicly available dataset from the SuperMAG Collaboration: we report no robust signal candidates and so place constraints in the (more limited) dark-photon dark-matter mass range $2\times 10^{-18}\text{eV}\lesssim m_{A^{\prime }}\lesssim 7\times 10^{-17}\text{eV}$ (corresponding to frequencies $6\times 10^{-4}\text{Hz}\lesssim f\lesssim 2\times 10^{-2}\text{Hz}$). These constraints are complementary to existing astrophysical bounds. Future searches for this signal may improve the sensitivity over a wide range of ultralight dark-matter candidates and masses.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2021)·68 citations
32. 32*

    Gravitational waves from first-order phase transitions in Majoron models of neutrino mass

    Pasquale Di Bari🇬🇧 · Danny Marfatia🇺🇸 · Ye-Ling Zhou🇬🇧

    We show how the generation of right-handed neutrino masses in Majoron models may be associated with a first-order phase transition and accompanied by the production of a stochastic background of gravitational waves (GWs). We explore different energy scales with only renormalizable operators in the effective potential. If the phase transition occurs above the electroweak scale, the signal can be tested by future interferometers. We consider two possible energy scales for phase transitions below the electroweak scale. If the phase transition occurs at a GeV, the signal can be tested at LISA and provide a complementary cosmological probe to right-handed neutrino searches at the FASER detector. If the phase transition occurs below 100 keV, we find that the peak of the GW spectrum is two or more orders of magnitude below the putative NANOGrav GW signal at low frequencies, but well within reach of the SKA and THEIA experiments. We show how searches of very low frequency GWs are motivated by solutions to the Hubble tension in which ordinary neutrinos interact with the dark sector. We also present general calculations of the phase transition temperature and Euclidean action that apply beyond Majoron models.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exJHEP(2021)·66 citations
33. 33*

    New sources of leptonic CP violation at the DUNE neutrino experiment

    A. Giarnetti🇮🇹 · D. Meloni🇮🇹

    We check the capability of the DUNE neutrino experiment to detect new sources of leptonic CP violation beside the single phase expected in the Standard Model. We illustrate our strategy based on the measurement of CP asymmetries in the case New Physics will show up as Non-Standard neutrino Interactions and sterile neutrino states and show that the most promising one, once the experimental errors are taken into account in both scenarios, is the one related to the ${\nu }_{\mu }\to {\nu }_e$ transition.

    hep-phUniverse(2021)·13 citations
34. 34*

    Phenomenological implications of modified loop cosmologies: an overview

    Bao-Fei Li🇺🇸 · Parampreet Singh🇺🇸 · Anzhong Wang🇺🇸

    In this paper, we first provide a brief review of the effective dynamics of two recently well-studied models of modified loop quantum cosmologies (mLQCs), which arise from different regularizations of the Hamiltonian constraint and show the robustness of a generic resolution of the big bang singularity, replaced by a quantum bounce due to non-perturbative Planck scale effects. As in loop quantum cosmology (LQC), in these modified models the slow-roll inflation happens generically. We consider the cosmological perturbations following the dressed and hybrid approaches and clarify some subtle issues regarding the ambiguity of the extension of the effective potential of the scalar perturbations across the quantum bounce, and the choice of initial conditions. Both of the modified regularizations yield primordial power spectra that are consistent with current observations for the Starobinsky potential within the framework of either the dressed or the hybrid approach. But differences in primordial power spectra are identified among the mLQCs and LQC. In addition, for mLQC-I, striking differences arise between the dressed and hybrid approaches in the infrared and oscillatory regimes. While the differences between the two modified models can be attributed to differences in the Planck scale physics, the permissible choices of the initial conditions and the differences between the two perturbation approaches have been reported for the first time. All these differences, due to either the different regularizations or the different perturbation approaches in principle can be observed in terms of non-Gaussianities.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thFront.Astron.Space Sci.(2021)·42 citations
35. 35*

    Multiplicity Scaling of Light Nuclei Production in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

    Wenbin Zhao🇨🇳 · Kai-jia Sun🇺🇸 · Che Ming Ko🇺🇸 · Xiaofeng Luo🇨🇳

    Using the nucleon coalescence model based on kinetic freeze-out nucleons from the 3D MUSIC+UrQMD and the 2D VISHNU hybrid model with a crossover equation of state, we study the multiplicity dependence of deuteron ($d$) and triton ($t$) production from central to peripheral Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 7.7, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4 and 200 GeV and Pb+Pb at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76$ TeV, respectively. It is found that the ratio $N_t{N}_p/N_d^2$ of the proton yield $N_p$, deuteron yield $N_d$ and triton yield $N_t$ exhibits a scaling behavior in its multiplicity dependence, i.e., decreasing monotonically with increasing charged-particle multiplicity. A similar multiplicity scaling of this ratio is also found in the nucleon coalescence calculation based on kinetic freeze-out nucleons from a multiphase transport (AMPT) model. The scaling behavior of $N_t{N}_p/N_d^2$ can be naturally explained by the interplay between the sizes of light nuclei and the nucleon emission source. We further argue that the multiplicity scaling of $N_t{N}_p/N_d^2$ can be used to validate the production mechanism of light nuclei, and the collision energy dependence of this yield ratio can further serve as a baseline in the search for the QCD critical point in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-exhep-phnucl-exPLB(2021)·47 citations
36. 36*

    String theory, Einstein, and the identity of physics: Theory assessment in absence of the empirical

    Jeroen van Dongen🇳🇱

    String theorists are certain that they are practicing physicists. Yet, some of their recent critics deny this. This paper argues that this conflict is really about who holds authority in making rational judgment in theoretical physics. At bottom, the conflict centers on the question: who is a proper physicist? To illustrate and understand the differing opinions about proper practice and identity, we discuss different appreciations of epistemic virtues and explanation among string theorists and their critics, and how these have been sourced in accounts of Einstein's biography. Just as Einstein is claimed by both sides, historiography offers examples of both successful and unsuccessful non-empirical science. History of science also teaches that times of conflict are often times of innovation, in which novel scholarly identities may come into being. At the same time, since the contributions of Thomas Kuhn historians have developed a critical attitude towards formal attempts and methodological recipes for epistemic demarcation and justification of scientific practice. These are now, however, being considered in the debate on non-empirical physics.

    ↳ physics.hist-phgr-qchep-exhep-ph+1Stud.Hist.Phil.Sci.A(2021)·4 citations
37. 37*

    Exploring multimessenger signals from heavy dark matter decay with EDGES 21-cm result and IceCube

    Ashadul Halder🇮🇳 · Madhurima Pandey🇮🇳 · Debasish Majumdar🇮🇳 · Rupa Basu🇮🇳

    The primordial heavy or superheavy dark matter that could be created during the reheating or preheating stage of the Universe can undergo QCD cascade decay process to produce leptons or $\gamma$ as end products. Although these could be rare decays, the energy involved in such decay process can influence 21-cm signal of hyperfine transition of neutral hydrogen during the reionization era. We explore in this work, possible multimessenger signals of such heavy dark matter decays. One of which could be the source of ultra high energy neutrino (of $\sim$ PeV energy regime) signals at IceCube detector whereas the other signal attributes to the cooling/heating of the baryons by the exchange of energy involved in this decay process and its consequent influence on 21-cm signal. The effect of evaporation of primordial black holes and baryon scattering with light cold dark matter are also included in relation to the evolution of the 21-cm signal temperature and their influence are also discussed.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.HEhep-phJCAP(2021)·13 citations
38. 38*

    Swampland de Sitter Conjectures in No-Scale Supergravity Models

    Ida M. Rasulian🇮🇷 · Mahdi Torabian🇮🇷 · Liliana Velasco-Sevilla🇳🇴

    It is challenging to construct explicit and controllable models that realize de Sitter solutions in string compactifications. This difficulty is the main motivation for the Refined de Sitter Conjecture and the Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture which forbid stable de Sitter solutions but allow metastable, unstable and rolling solutions in a theory consistent with quantum gravity. Inspired by this, we first study a toy de Sitter No-Scale Supergravity model and show that for particular choices of parameters it can be consistent with the Refined de Sitter Conjecture and the Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture. Then we modify the model by adding rolling dynamics and show that the theory can become stable along the imaginary direction, where it would otherwise be unstable. We extend the model to multi-field rolling and de Sitter fields, finding the parameter space where they can be compatible with the Refined de Sitter Conjecture . The modified models with rolling fields can be used to construct Quintessence models to accommodate the accelerating expansion of the Universe.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPRD(2021)·11 citations
39. 39*

    Thermodynamic stability implies causality

    Lorenzo Gavassino🇵🇱 · Marco Antonelli🇵🇱 · Brynmor Haskell🇵🇱

    The stability conditions of a relativistic hydrodynamic theory can be derived directly from the requirement that the entropy should be maximised in equilibrium. Here we use a simple geometrical argument to prove that, if the hydrodynamic theory is stable according to this entropic criterion, then localised perturbations to the equilibrium state cannot propagate outside their future light-cone. In other words, within relativistic hydrodynamics, acausal theories must be thermodynamically unstable, at least close to equilibrium. We show that the physical origin of this deep connection between stability and causality lies in the relationship between entropy and information. Our result may be interpreted as an ``equilibrium conservation theorem'', which generalizes the Hawking-Ellis vacuum conservation theorem to finite temperature and chemical potential.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phphysics.flu-dynPRL(2022)·101 citations
40. 40*

    Spontaneous scalarization of charged stars

    Masato Minamitsuji🇵🇹 · Shinji Tsujikawa🇯🇵

    We study static and spherically symmetric charged stars with a nontrivial profile of the scalar field $\varphi$ in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theories. The scalar field is coupled to a $U(1)$ gauge field $A_{\mu }$ with the form $-\alpha (\varphi )F_{\mu \nu }{F}^{\mu \nu }/4$, where $F_{\mu \nu }={\partial }_{\mu }{A}_{\nu }-{\partial }_{\nu }{A}_{\mu }$ is the field strength tensor. Analogous to the case of charged black holes, we show that this type of interaction can induce spontaneous scalarization of charged stars under the conditions $(\mathrm{d}\alpha /\mathrm{d}\varphi )(0)=0$ and $({\mathrm{d}}^2\alpha /\mathrm{d}{\varphi }^2)(0)>0$. For the coupling $\alpha (\varphi )=\exp (-\beta {\varphi }^2/M_{\mathrm{pl}}^2)$, where $\beta (<0)$ is a coupling constant and $M_{\mathrm{pl}}$ is a reduced Planck mass, there is a branch of charged star solutions with a nontrivial profile of $\varphi$ approaching $0$ toward spatial infinity, besides a branch of general relativistic solutions with a vanishing scalar field, i.e., solutions in the Einstein-Maxwell model. As the ratio ${\rho }_c/{\rho }_m$ between charge density ${\rho }_c$ and matter density ${\rho }_m$ increases toward its maximum value, the mass $M$ of charged stars in general relativity tends to be enhanced due to the increase of repulsive Coulomb force against gravity. In this regime, the appearance of nontrivial branches induced by negative $\beta$ of order $-1$ effectively reduces the Coulomb force for a wide range of central matter densities, leading to charged stars with smaller masses and radii in comparison to those in the general relativistic branch. Our analysis indicates that spontaneous scalarization of stars can be induced not only by the coupling to curvature invariants but also by the scalar-gauge coupling in Einstein gravity.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thPLB(2021)·12 citations
41. 41*

    Measurement of the Sixth-Order Cumulant of Net-Proton Multiplicity Distributions in Au+Au Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 27, 54.4, and 200 GeV at RHIC

    STAR Collaboration: M. S. Abdallah · J. Adam · L. Adamczyk · J. R. Adams · J. K. Adkins · G. Agakishiev · I. Aggarwal · M. M. Aggarwal · Z. Ahammed · I. Alekseev · D. M. Anderson · A. Aparin and 381 other authors

    According to first principle Lattice QCD calculations, the transition from quark-gluon plasma to hadronic matter is a smooth crossover in the region ${\mu }_{\mathrm{B}}\le T_c$. In this range the ratio, $C_6/C_2$, of net-baryon distributions are predicted to be negative. In this paper, we report the first measurement of the midrapidity net-proton $C_6/C_2$ from 27, 54.4 and 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC. The dependence on collision centrality and kinematic acceptance in ($p_T$, $y$) are analyzed. While for 27 and 54.4 GeV collisions the $C_6/C_2$ values are close to zero within uncertainties, it is observed that for 200 GeV collisions, the $C_6/C_2$ ratio becomes progressively negative from peripheral to central collisions. Transport model calculations without critical dynamics predict mostly positive values except for the most central collisions within uncertainties. These observations seem to favor a smooth crossover in the high energy nuclear collisions at top RHIC energy.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-exhep-phnucl-thPRL(2021)·76 citations
42. 42*

    Comment on: Cosmological black holes are not described by the Thakurta metric

    Celine Boehm🇦🇺 · Archil Kobakhidze🇦🇺 · Ciaran A. J. O'Hare🇦🇺 · Zachary S. C. Picker🇦🇺 · Mairi Sakellariadou🇬🇧

    Recently, Hütsi et al.[arXiv:2105.09328] critiqued our work that reconsidered the mathematical description of cosmological black holes. In this short comment, we highlight some of the conceptual issues with this criticism in relation to the interpretation of the quasi-local Misner-Sharp mass, and the fact that our description of cosmological black holes does not impose any assumptions about matter accretion.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-th16 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.