Tue·May 25, 2021Tuesday·May 25, 2021

1. 01*

   Delineating chiral separation effect in two-color dense QCD

   Daiki Suenaga🇯🇵 · Toru Kojo🇨🇳

   We study the chiral separation effect (CSE) in two-color and two-flavor QCD (QC${}_2$D) to delineate quasiparticle pictures in dense matter from low to high temperatures. Both massless and massive quarks are discussed. We particularly focus on the high density domain where diquarks form a color singlet condensate with the electric charge $1/3$. The condensate breaks baryon number and $U(1{)}_A$ axial symmetry, and induces the electromagnetic Meissner effects. Within a quark quasiparticle picture, we compute the chiral separation conductivity at one-loop. We have checked that Nambu-Goldstone modes, which should appear in the improved vertices as required by the Ward-Takahashi identities, do not contribute to the chiral separation conductivity due to their longitudinal natures. In the static limit, the destructive interferences in the particle-hole channel, as in usual Meissner effects, suppress the conductivity (in chiral limit, to $1/3$ of the normal phase's). This locally breaks the universality of the CSE coefficients, provided quasiparticle pictures are valid in the bulk matter.

   hep-phhep-latnucl-thPRD(2021)·9 citations
2. 02*

   GETaLM: A Generator for Electron Tagger and Luminosity Monitor for electron - proton and ion collisions

   Jaroslav Adam🇺🇸

   The study of elastic bremsstrahlung and electron tagging in electron-proton or ion collisions is gaining importance with the planned construction of several experimental facilities focused on deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) measurements. This paper describes a program which generates bremsstrahlung photons in electron-proton and electron-ion interactions as well as scattered electrons in bremsstrahlung processes and in a quasi-real photon approximation to the general DIS process. The effects of electron beam divergence and the spread of the interaction vertex are implemented. The program can be used as an input to simulations of instrumentation for bremsstrahlung photon detection, luminosity measurements, electron tagging, and the determination of the cross sections of corresponding processes.

   hep-phnucl-exComput.Phys.Commun.(2022)·3 citations
3. 03*

   Ground and Excited state masses of ${\Omega }_c^0$, ${\Omega }_{cc}^{+}$ and ${\Omega }_{ccc}^{++}$ baryons

   Juhi Oudichhya🇮🇳 · Keval Gandhi🇮🇳 · Ajay Kumar Rai🇮🇳

   The masses of ground and excited states of ${\Omega }_c^0$, ${\Omega }_{cc}^{+}$ and ${\Omega }_{ccc}^{++}$ baryons are calculated within the framework of Regge phenomenology. Here our attempt is to assign a possible spin-parity to these obtained masses. Our calculated masses in $(J,M^2)$ plane with both natural ($J^P$ = $1/2^{+}$, $3/2^{-}$, $5/2^{+}$, ....) and unnatural ($J^P$ = $3/2^{+}$, $5/2^{-}$, $7/2^{+}$, ....) spin-parities are in agreement with the experimental observations where available and reasonably close to other theoretical predictions. Further we fix the slope and intercept of each Regge line in $(n,M^2)$ plane and estimate the masses of higher excited states of these baryons. The obtained mass relations and the mass value predictions could provide an useful information in future experimental searches and the spin-parity assignment of these states.

   hep-phPRD(2021)·43 citations
4. 04*

   Effects of 2HDM in electroweak phase transition

   Arnab Chaudhuri🇷🇺 · Maxim Yu. Khlopov🇷🇺 · Shiladitya Porey🇷🇺

   The entropy production scenarios due to electroweak phase transition (EWPT) in the framework of the minimal extension of standard model namely two Higgs doublet model(2HDM) is revisited. The possibility of first order phase transition is discussed. Intense parameter scanning is done with the help of BSMPT, a C++ package. Numerical calculations are performed in order to calculate the entropy production with numerous benchmark points.

   hep-phastro-ph.COGalaxies(2021)·10 citations
5. 05*

   Tau-jet signatures of vectorlike quark decays to heavy charged and neutral Higgs bosons

   Radovan Dermisek🇺🇸 · Enrico Lunghi🇺🇸 · Navin McGinnis🇨🇦 · Seodong Shin🇰🇷

   We study $4b+2\tau$ and $4b+1\tau$ signatures of heavy neutral and charged Higgs bosons originating from cascade decays of pair-produced new quarks. Decays of vectorlike quarks through heavy Higgses can easily dominate in the two Higgs doublet model of type-II, and the studied signatures are common to many possible decay chains. We design search strategies for these final states and discuss the mass ranges of heavy Higgs bosons and new quarks that can be explored at the Large Hadron Collider as functions of branching ratios in a model independent way. We further combine the results with a similar study focusing on decays which lead to a $6b$ final state and interpret the sensitivity to charged and neutral Higgs bosons and vectorlike quarks in the type-II two Higgs doublet model. We find that the LHC reach for their masses extends to well above 2 TeV in the case of an SU(2) doublet quark and to at least 1.8 TeV for a bottom-like SU(2) singlet quark in the whole range of $\tan \beta$ between 1 and 50.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2021)·23 citations
6. 06*

   TeV-scale bulk neutrino in warped extra-dimensions as a DM candidate

   Francisco Martínez López🇪🇸

   In this thesis, we have studied the possibility to identify one of the right-handed neutrinos entering the type-I seesaw mechanism as a Dark Matter (DM) candidate, within the warped extra-dimensions paradigm. As a first step, we have reviewed the existing literature on the Randall-Sundrum scenarios and the Goldberger-Wise stabilization mechanism. We have discussed a feasible realization of the type-I seesaw mechanism, implemented by warped compactification of an extra dimension. Taking advantage of recent studies, we have explored how the thermal DM can be included in the warped scenario. We have also outlined the current experimental bounds on the searches for DM and heavy Majorana neutrinos, as well as the theoretical constraints imposed. We have focused on generating a specific hierarchy between the right-handed neutrinos, that allows a correct realization of the seesaw while having an eV-scale sterile neutrino (that may be helpful to explain or soften the so-called "neutrino anomalies"), another one lying in the appropriate mass range for the DM and the last one sufficiently heavy to decouple. In our search of the parameter space, we found significant regions where this pattern can be realized. Moreover, we identified some problems that compromise the integrity of the model: it does not account for the measured masses and mixing of the light neutrino sector and, moreover, there exist some dangerous decay channels that prevents the DM candidate to be sufficiently stable. We discussed both problems and propose some reasonable solutions.

   hep-ph0 citations
7. 07*

   Di-Higgs production ($\gamma \gamma \to hh$) in Composite Models

   A. Bharucha🇫🇷 · G. Cacciapaglia🇫🇷 · A. Deandrea🇫🇷 · N. Gaur🇮🇳 · D. Harada🇭🇷 · F. Mahmoudi🇫🇷 · K. Sridhar🇮🇳

   In Standard Model (SM) Higgs Boson pair production initiated by photons ($\gamma \gamma \to hh$) is loop-generated process and thereby very sensitive to any new couplings and particles that may come in loops. The Composite Higgs Models provide an alternate mechanism to address the hierarchy problem of SM where Higgs instead of being an elementary field could be a bound state of a strongly interacting sector. These set of models apart from modifying the SM Higgs couplings could also introduce new effective couplings that can have substantial impact on the loop processes. In this work we have studied the impact of such modifications by Composite Higgs models in $\gamma \gamma \to hh$ production process.

   hep-ph2 citations
8. 08*

   Effect of the parameterization of the distribution functions on the longitudinal structure function at small $x$

   G.R.Boroun🇮🇷

   I use a direct method to extract the longitudinal structure function in the next-to-leading order approximation with respect to the number of active flavor from the parametrization of parton distributions. The contribution of charm and bottom quarks corresponding to the gluon distributions (i.e., $G_{n_f=3}(x,Q^2)$ and $G_{n_f=5}(x,Q^2)$) is considered. I compare the obtained longitudinal structure function at $n_f=4$ with the H1 data [Eur.Phys.J.C{\bf74}, 2814(2014) and Eur.Phys.J.C{\bf71}, 1579 (2011)] and the result L.P.Kaptari et al.[ Phys.Rev.D{\bf 99}, 096019(2019)] which is based on the Mellin transforms. These calculations compared with the results from CT18 [Phys.Rev.D103, 014013(2021)] parametrization model. The nonlinear effects on the gluon distribution improve the behavior of the longitudinal structure function in comparison with the H1 data and CT18 at low values of $Q^2$.

   hep-phJETP Lett.(2021)·6 citations
9. 09*

   Constraints on light scalars from PS191 results

   Dmitry Gorbunov🇷🇺 · Igor Krasnov🇷🇺 · Sergey Suvorov🇷🇺

   We argue that the fixed target experiment PS191 operating on a proton beam of 19.2 GeV at CERN in the eighties was sensitive to hypothetical light scalars produced by mesons and decaying to charged particles. The experiment was dedicated to searches for sterile neutrinos produced in weak meson decays and decaying into final states with pairs of charged particles: electrons and muons. Two charged tracks from the same point have been adopted as the signal signature. Exploiting the same signature we use the negative results of searches at PS191 and place new limits on the light scalars coupled to the Standard Model (SM) particles via mixing with the Higgs boson. In particular, previously allowed region of masses 100--150 MeV and mixing above 4$\times 10^{-4}$ is disfavored. Our analysis can be extended straightforwardly to models with other patterns of scalar couplings to SM particles.

   hep-phhep-exPLB(2021)·64 citations
10. 10*

    Comments on bosonic super-WIMPs search experiments

    Young Ju Ko🇰🇷 · HyangKyu Park🇰🇷

    Bosonic super-WIMPs, including pseudoscalar and vector particles, are dark matter candidates. Until now, many underground experiments searches for super-WIMPs have been performed in the mass range of a few $keV/{\mathrm{c}}^2$ to 1 $MeV/{\mathrm{c}}^2$. All these searches utilize the absorption process of a super-WIMP by a target atom in the detector, which is similar to the photoelectric effect. In this study, we consider another process, namely, a Compton-like process. As an example, we compare the cross-section of a germanium atom for the absorption process with that of a Compton-like process. Our findings indicate that the cross-section for the Compton-like process becomes dominant, compared to that for the absorption process for mass above approximately 150 $keV/{\mathrm{c}}^2$ for both pseudoscalar and vector super-WIMPs. In particular, the cross-section for the Compton-like process for a vector super-WIMP becomes increasingly greater than that for the absorption process by an order of magnitude to two orders of magnitude in the 400 $keV/{\mathrm{c}}^2$ to 1 $MeV/{\mathrm{c}}^2$ mass range, respectively. By including the Compton-like process, which has not been used in any other super-WIMP search experiment, the experimental upper limits can be improved.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2021)·7 citations
11. 11*

    Parity violating magnetization at neutrino pair emission using trivalent lanthanoid ions

    H. Hara🇯🇵 · A. Yoshimi🇯🇵 · M. Yoshimura🇯🇵

    A new detection method using magnetization generated at triggered radiative emission of neutrino pairs (RENP), $|e⟩\to |g⟩+\gamma +{\sum }_{ij}{\nu }_i{\bar{\nu }}_j$ (atomic de-transition from state $|e⟩$ to state $|g⟩$ emitting sum of neutrino pairs ${\sum }_{ij}{\nu }_i{\bar{\nu }}_j$ accompanied by a photon $\gamma$), is investigated in order to determine unknown neutrino properties; absolute neutrino masses of ${\nu }_i$ and Majorana/Dirac distinction. Magnetization associated with RENP events has parity violating component intrinsic to weak interaction enforced by crystal field effect in solids, and greatly helps background rejection of quantum electrodynamic (QED) origin even when these backgrounds are amplified. In proposed experiments we prepare a coherently excited body of trivalent lanthanoid ions, Er${}^{3+}$ (a best candidate ion so far found), doped in a transparent dielectric crystal. The magnetic moment $\mu ⟨\vec{S}\cdot \vec{k}⟩/k$ arising from generated electron spin $\vec{S}$ parallel to trigger photon direction $\vec{k}/k$ is parity odd, and is absent in QED processes. The generated magnetic field of order nano gauss is stored in crystals long after pair emission event till spin relaxation time. An improved calculation method of coherent rate and angular distribution of magnetization is developed in order to incorporate finite size effect of crystal target beyond the infinite size limit in previous calculations.

    hep-phcond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.supr-conhep-ex+1PRD(2021)·2 citations
12. 12*

    Centrality and transverse momentum dependence of hadrons in Pb+Pb collisions at LHC

    Lilin Zhu🇨🇳 · Hua Zheng🇨🇳 · Rudolph C. Hwa🇺🇸

    The transverse momentum spectra of seven identified hadrons produced in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ and 5.02 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have been investigated in the framework of the recombination model (RM). Soft, semihard and hard partons all play important roles in our model and are uniformly treated for all hadrons produced.The investigation has been extended to non-central collisions and the parameters controlling the momentum degradation of semihard partons have been tuned. Our study shows good agreement between theoretical results and experimental data. To be able to provide a coherent explanation for the production of all identified hadrons ($\pi$, p, K, $\Lambda$, $\varphi$, $\Xi$, $\Omega$) for transverse momenta as high as 14 GeV/c (for $\pi$, p and K), and for all centralities, is an unprecedented achievement that supports the RM as a sensible model to combine various mechanisms of parton production with a universal scheme of hadronization.

    hep-phnucl-thPRC(2021)·11 citations
13. 13*

    A 96 GeV Higgs Boson in the 2HDMS: $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collider prospects

    S. Heinemeyer🇪🇸 · C. Li🇩🇪 · F. Lika🇩🇪 · G. Moortgat-Pick🇩🇪 · S. Paasch🇩🇪

    The CMS collaboration reported a $\sim 3\sigma$ (local) excess at $96$GeV in the search for light Higgs-boson decaying into two photons. This mass coincides with a $\sim 2\sigma$ (local) excess in the $b\bar{b}$ final state at LEP. We show an interpretation of these possible signals as the lightest Higgs boson in the 2 Higgs Doublet Model with an additional complex Higgs singlet (2HDMS). The interpretation is in agreement with all experimental and theoretical constraints. We concentrate on the 2HDMS type II, which resembles the Higgs and Yukawa structure of the Next-to Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. We discuss the experimental prospects for constraining our explanation at future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders, with concrete analyses based on the ILC prospects.

    hep-ph2 citations
14. 14*

    Constraining nonstandard neutrino interactions at electron colliders

    Jiajun Liao🇨🇳 · Yu Zhang🇨🇳

    The presence of nonstandard neutrino interactions (NSI) has a large effect on the precision measurements at next generation neutrino oscillation experiments. Other type of experiments are needed to constrain the NSI parameter space. We study the constraints on NSI with electrons from current and future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collider experiments including Belle II, STCF and CEPC. We find that Belle II and STCF will provide competitive and complementary bounds on electron-type NSI parameters compared to the current global analysis, and strong improvements for the constraints on tau-type NSI. In addition, CEPC alone will impose stringent constraints on the parameter space of NSI with electrons. We find that the degeneracy between the left-handed (vector) and right-handed (axial-vector) NSI parameters can be lifted by combining the data from three different running modes, and the allowed ranges for $|{ϵ}_{ee}^{eL}|$ ($|{ϵ}_{ee}^{eV}|$) and $|{ϵ}_{ee}^{eR}|$ ($|{ϵ}_{ee}^{eA}|$) can be constrained to be smaller than 0.002 at CEPC even if both of them are present.

    hep-phPRD(2021)·5 citations
15. 15*

    On the Difference between FOPT and CIPT for Hadronic Tau Decays

    André H. Hoang🇦🇹 · Christoph Regner🇦🇹

    In this article we review the results of our recent work on the difference between the Borel representations of tau hadronic spectral function moments obtained with the CIPT and FOPT methods. For the presentation of the theoretical results we focus on the large-${\beta }_0$ approximation, where all expressions can be written down in closed form, and we comment on the generalization to full QCD. The results may explain the discrepancy in the behavior of the FOPT and CIPT series that has been the topic of intense discussions in previous literature and which represents a major part of the theoretical uncertainties in current strong coupling determinations from hadronic tau decays. The findings also imply that the OPE corrections for FOPT and CIPT differ and that the OPE corrections for CIPT do not have standard form.

    hep-phhep-thEur.Phys.J.ST(2021)·40 citations
16. 16*

    Chiral Symmetry Restoration using the Running Coupling Constant from the Light-Front Approach to QCD

    S. D. Campos🇧🇷

    In this work, the distance between a quark-antiquark pair is analyzed through both the confinement potential as well as the hadronic total cross section. Using the Helmholtz free energy, entropy is calculated near the minimum of the total cross section through the confinement potential. A fitting procedure for the proton-proton total cross section is performed, defining the fitting parameters. Therefore, the only free parameter remaining in the model is the mass scale $\kappa$ used to define the running coupling constant of the light-front approach to QCD. The mass scale controls the distance $r$ between the quark-antiquark pair and, under some conditions, it allows the occurrence of free quarks even in the confinement regime of QCD.

    hep-phhep-lathep-thUkr.J.Phys.(2022)·0 citations
17. 17*

    QCD analysis of pion fragmentation functions in the xFitter framework

    xFitter Collaboration: Hamed Abdolmaleki🇮🇷 · Maryam Soleymaninia🇮🇷 · Hamzeh Khanpour🇮🇷 · Simone Amoroso🇩🇪 · Francesco Giuli🇮🇹 · Alexander Glazov🇩🇪 · Agnieszka Luszczak🇵🇱 · Fredrick Olness🇺🇸 · Oleksandr Zenaiev🇨🇭

    We present the first open-source analysis of fragmentation functions (FFs) of charged pions (entitled IPM-xFitter) computed at next-to-leading order (NLO) and next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) accuracy in perturbative QCD using the xFitter framework. This study incorporates a comprehensive and up-to-date set of pion production data from single-inclusive annihilation (SIA) processes, as well as the most recent measurements of inclusive cross-sections of single pion by the BELLE collaboration. The determination of pion FFs along with their theoretical uncertainties is performed in the Zero-Mass Variable-Flavor Number Scheme (ZM-VFNS). We also present comparisons of our FFs set with recent fits from the literature. The resulting NLO and NNLO pion FFs provide valuable insights for applications in present and future high-energy analysis of pion final state processes.

    hep-phPRD(2021)·22 citations
18. 18*

    Collider Prospects for Muon $g-2$ in General Two Higgs Doublet Model

    Wei-Shu Hou🇹🇼 · Rishabh Jain🇹🇼 · Chung Kao🇺🇸 · Girish Kumar🇹🇼 · Tanmoy Modak🇩🇪

    Recent progress on muon $g-2$ measurement prompts one to take it even more seriously. In the general two Higgs doublet model that allows extra Yukawa couplings, we take a simplified approach of single enhanced coupling. We fix the charged lepton flavor violating coupling, ${\rho }_{\tau \mu }={\rho }_{\mu \tau }$, via the one-loop mechanism, for illustrative masses of the heavy scalar $H$ and pseudoscalar $A$, where we assume $m_A=m_{H^{+}}$. Since extra top Yukawa couplings are plausibly the largest, we turn on ${\rho }_{tt}$ and find that LHC search for $gg\to H,A\to \tau \mu$ gives more stringent bound than from $\tau \to \mu \gamma$ with two-loop mechanism. Turning on a second extra top Yukawa coupling, ${\rho }_{tc}$, can loosen the bound on ${\rho }_{tt}$, but LHC constraints can again be more stringent than from $B\to D\mu \nu$ vs $De\nu$ universality. This means that evidence for $H,A\to \tau \mu$ may yet emerge with full LHC Run 2 data, while direct search for ${\tau }^{\pm }{\mu }^{\mp }b{W}^{+}$ or $t\bar{c}b{W}^{+}$ (plus conjugate) may also bear fruit.

    hep-phPRD(2021)·18 citations
19. 19*

    Effects of chiral MIT boundary conditions for a Dirac particle in a box

    Ar Rohim🇯🇵 · Kazuhiro Yamamoto🇯🇵

    We investigate the effects of the chiral MIT boundary conditions for a Dirac particle in a 1D box. We show how the boundary condition affects the discrete momentum, energy level, transition frequency, and spin state in a box. The effects of the chiral MIT boundary conditions on the probability and scalar densities are also demonstrated. The results show that an asymmetric distribution appears in the box depending on the parameters of the spin orientation and chiral angle.

    hep-phquant-phPTEP(2021)·4 citations
20. 20*

    Equilibrium Chiral Magnetic Effect: spatial inhomogeneity, finite temperature, interactions

    Chitradip Banerjee🇮🇱 · Meir Lewkowicz🇮🇱 · M.A.Zubkov🇮🇱

    We discuss equilibrium relativistic fermionic systems in lattice regularization, and extend the consideration of chiral magnetic effect to systems with spatial inhomogeneity and finite temperature. Besides, we take into account interactions due to exchange by gauge bosons. We find that the equilibrium chiral magnetic conductivity remains equal to zero.

    hep-phPLB(2021)·11 citations
21. 21*

    A comparative study of Higgs boson production from vector-boson fusion

    A. Buckley🇬🇧 · X. Chen🇨🇭 · J. Cruz-Martinez🇮🇹 · S. Ferrario Ravasio🇬🇧 · T. Gehrmann🇨🇭 · E.W.N. Glover🇬🇧 · S. Höche🇺🇸 · A. Huss🇨🇭 · J. Huston🇺🇸 · J.M. Lindert🇬🇧 · S. Plätzer🇦🇹 · M. Schönherr🇬🇧

    The data taken in Run II at the LHC have started to probe Higgs boson production at high transverse momentum. Future data will provide a large sample of events with boosted Higgs boson topologies, allowing for a detailed understanding of electroweak Higgs boson plus two-jet production, and in particular the vector-boson fusion mode (VBF). We perform a detailed comparison of precision calculations for Higgs boson production in this channel, with particular emphasis on large Higgs boson transverse momenta, and on the jet radius dependence of the cross section. We study fixed-order predictions at NLO and NNLO QCD, and compare the results to NLO plus parton shower (NLOPS) matched calculations. The impact of the NNLO corrections on the central predictions is mild, with inclusive scale uncertainties of the order of a few percent, which can increase with the imposition of kinematic cuts. We find good agreement between the fixed-order and matched calculations in non-Sudakov regions, and the various NLOPS predictions also agree well in the Sudakov regime. We analyze backgrounds to VBF Higgs boson production stemming from associated production, and from gluon-gluon fusion. At high Higgs boson transverse momenta, the $\Delta y_{jj}$ and/or $m_{jj}$ cuts typically used to enhance the VBF signal over background lead to a reduced efficiency. We examine this effect as a function of the jet radius and using different definitions of the tagging jets. QCD radiative corrections increase for all Higgs production modes with increasing Higgs boson $p_T$, but the proportionately larger increase in the gluon fusion channel results in a decrease of the gluon-gluon fusion background to electroweak Higgs plus two jet production upon requiring exclusive two-jet topologies. We study this effect in detail and contrast in particular a central jet veto with a global jet multiplicity requirement.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2021)·44 citations
22. 22*

    Multi-TeV Signals of Higgs Troika Model

    Hooman Davoudiasl🇺🇸

    We consider a model of baryogenesis that requires extending the Standard Model by two additional multi-TeV Higgs doublets that do not break electroweak symmetry. Adopting the ``Spontaneous Flavor Violation" framework, we can arrange for the heavy Higgs states to have significant couplings to light quarks. This allows for the heavy scalars to be resonantly produced at a future 100 TeV $pp$ collider and discovered in di-jet and top-pair final states up to masses of $\mathcal{O}$(10 TeV). The same mass range can also lead to signals in flavor experiments. Together, these measurements can play a complementary role in probing the physics involved in this Higgs Troika baryogenesis scenario.

    hep-phhep-ex0 citations
23. 23*

    Dirac quantization and baryon intrinsic frequencies in hypersphere soliton model

    Soon-Tae Hong🇰🇷

    Quantizing a soliton on a hypersphere, we obtain the first class Hamiltonian, and evaluate the baryon physical quantities which are in good agreement with the corresponding experimental data. In particular, we find that the predicted value for axial coupling constant is comparable to its experimental value. The prediction for delta baryon mass possessing the Weyl ordering correction obtained in the first class Dirac quantization is improved comparing with that in the second class canonical quantization performed on the hypersphere. Making use of the same input parameters associated with the baryon masses, we also investigate the hypersphere soliton and standard Skyrmion models to compare the corresponding predictions for the physical quantities effectively. Next, we evaluate the intrinsic frequencies of the pulsating baryons. We thus find that the intrinsic pulsating frequency of more massive particle is greater than that of the less massive one. We explicitly evaluate the intrinsic frequencies ${\omega }_N=0.87\times 10^{23}{\sec }^{-1}$ and ${\omega }_{\Delta }=1.74\times 10^{23}{\sec }^{-1}$ of the nucleon and delta baryon, respectively, to yield the identity ${\omega }_{\Delta }=2{\omega }_N$.

    hep-phhep-thNPB(2021)·4 citations
24. 24*

    Leptonic anomalous magnetic moments in $\nu$SMEFT

    Vincenzo Cirigliano🇺🇸 · Wouter Dekens🇺🇸 · Jordy de Vries🇳🇱 · Kaori Fuyuto🇺🇸 · Emanuele Mereghetti🇺🇸 · Richard Ruiz🇵🇱

    We investigate contributions to the anomalous magnetic moments of charged leptons in the neutrino-extended Standard Model Effective Field Theory ($\nu$SMEFT). We discuss how $\nu$SMEFT operators can contribute to a lepton's magnetic moment at one- and two-loop order. We show that only one operator can account for existing electronic and muonic discrepancies, assuming new physics appears above $1$ TeV. In particular, we find that a right-handed charged current in combination with minimal sterile-active mixing can explain the discrepancy for sterile neutrino masses of $\mathcal{O}(100)$ GeV while avoiding direct and indirect constraints. We discuss how searches for sterile neutrino production at the (HL-)LHC, measurements of $h\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ and searches for $h\to e^{+}{e}^{-}$, neutrinoless double beta decay experiments, and improved unitarity tests of the CKM matrix can further probe the relevant parameter space.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2021)·42 citations
25. 25*

    New physics from oscillations at the DUNE near detector, and the role of systematic uncertainties

    Pilar Coloma🇪🇸 · Jacobo López-Pavón🇪🇸 · Salvador Rosauro-Alcaraz🇪🇸 · Salvador Urrea🇪🇸

    We study the capabilities of the DUNE near detector to probe deviations from unitarity of the leptonic mixing matrix, the 3+1 sterile formalism and Non-Standard Interactions affecting neutrino production and detection. We clarify the relation and possible mappings among the three formalisms at short-baseline experiments, and we add to current analyses in the literature the study of the ${\nu }_{\mu }\to {\nu }_{\tau }$ appearance channel. We study in detail the impact of spectral uncertainties on the sensitivity to new physics using the DUNE near detector, which has been widely overlooked in the literature. Our analysis shows that this plays an important role on the results and, in particular, that it can lead to a strong reduction in the sensitivity to sterile neutrinos from ${\nu }_{\mu }\to {\nu }_e$ transitions, by more than two orders of magnitude. This stresses the importance of a joint experimental and theoretical effort to improve our understanding of neutrino nucleus cross sections, as well as hadron production uncertainties and beam focusing effects. Nevertheless, even with our conservative and more realistic implementation of systematic uncertainties, we find that an improvement over current bounds in the new physics frameworks considered is generally expected if spectral uncertainties are below the $5\%$ level.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2021)·30 citations
26. 26*

    Towards the automation of Monte Carlo simulation on GPU for particle physics processes

    Stefano Carrazza🇮🇹 · Juan Cruz-Martinez🇮🇹 · Marco Rossi🇮🇹 · Marco Zaro🇮🇹

    In this proceedings we present MadFlow, a new framework for the automation of Monte Carlo (MC) simulation on graphics processing units (GPU) for particle physics processes. In order to automate MC simulation for a generic number of processes, we design a program which provides to the user the possibility to simulate custom processes through the MadGraph5_aMC@NLO framework. The pipeline includes a first stage where the analytic expressions for matrix elements and phase space are generated and exported in a GPU-like format. The simulation is then performed using the VegasFlow and PDFFlow libraries which deploy automatically the full simulation on systems with different hardware acceleration capabilities, such as multi-threading CPU, single-GPU and multi-GPU setups. We show some preliminary results for leading-order simulations on different hardware configurations.

    ↳ physics.comp-phhep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2021)·12 citations
27. 27*

    Topological Early Universe Cosmology

    Alex Kehagias🇬🇷 · Antonio Riotto🇨🇭

    The early history of the universe might be described by a topological phase followed by a standard second phase of Einstein gravity. To study this scenario in its full generality, we consider a four-manifold of Euclidean signature in the topological phase, which shares a common boundary with a corresponding manifold of Lorentzian signature in the Einstein phase. We find that the boundary should have vanishing extrinsic curvature, whereas the manifold in the topological phase should have zero Euler number. In addition, we show that the second phase must be characterized by an initial vanishing Weyl tensor and that the standard cosmological flatness problem is not automatically solved unless a conformal invariant boundary term is added. We also characterize the scalar perturbations in the standard Einstein phase. We show that they must contain an initial non-vanishing shear component inherited from the topological phase and we estimate the non-Gaussian parameters. Finally, we argue that the topological early universe cosmology shares common features of previous ideas, such as the so-called Weyl curvature hypothesis, the universe's creation out of nothing and the no-boundary proposal.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-ph5 citations
28. 28*

    Analytic multi-Baryonic solutions in the SU(N)-Skyrme model at finite density

    Sergio L. Cacciatori🇮🇹 · Fabrizio Canfora🇨🇱 · Marcela Lagos🇨🇱 · Federica Muscolino🇮🇹 · Aldo Vera🇨🇱

    We construct explicit analytic solutions of the $SU(N)$-Skyrme model (for generic $N$) suitable to describe different phases of nuclear pasta at finite volume in $(3+1)$ dimensions. The first type are crystals of Baryonic tubes (nuclear spaghetti) while the second type are smooth Baryonic layers (nuclear lasagna). Both, the ansatz for the spaghetti and the ansatz for the lasagna phases, reduce the complete set of Skyrme field equations to just one integrable equation for the profile within sectors of arbitrary high topological charge. We compute explicitly the total energy of both configurations in terms of the flavor number, the density and the Baryonic charge. Remarkably, our analytic results allow to compare explicitly the physical properties of nuclear spaghetti and lasagna phases. Our construction shows explicitly that, at lower densities, configurations with $N=2$ light flavors are favored while, at higher densities, configurations with $N=3$ are favored. Our construction also proves that in the high density regime (but still well within the range of validity of the Skyrme model) the lasagna configurations are favored while at low density the spaghetti configurations are favored. Moreover, the integrability property of the present configurations is not spoiled by the inclusion of the subleading corrections to the Skyrme model arising in the 't Hooft expansion. Finally, we briefly discuss the large $N$ limit of our configurations.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.HEhep-phnucl-thJHEP(2021)·28 citations
29. 29*

    Gravitational lensing $H_0$ tension from ultralight axion galactic cores

    Kfir Blum🇮🇱 · Luca Teodori🇮🇱

    Gravitational lensing time delays offer an avenue to measure the Hubble parameter $H_0$, with some analyses suggesting a tension with early-type probes of $H_0$. The lensing measurements must mitigate systematic uncertainties due to the mass modelling of lens galaxies. In particular, a core component in the lens density profile would form an approximate local mass sheet degeneracy and could bias $H_0$ in the right direction to solve the lensing tension. We consider ultralight dark matter as a possible mechanism to generate such galactic cores. We show that cores of roughly the required properties could arise naturally if an ultralight axion of mass $m\sim 10^{-25}$ eV makes up a fraction of order ten percent of the total cosmological dark matter density. A relic abundance of this order of magnitude could come from vacuum misalignment. Stellar kinematics measurements of well-resolved massive galaxies (including the Milky Way) may offer a way to test the scenario. Kinematics analyses aiming to test the core hypothesis in massive elliptical lens galaxies should not, in general, adopt the perfect mass sheet limit, as ignoring the finite extent of an actual physical core could lead to significant systematic errors.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAhep-phPRD(2021)·28 citations
30. 30*

    Naive Lattice Fermion without Doublers

    Xingyu Guo🇨🇳 · Chen-Te Ma🇨🇳 · Hui Zhang🇨🇳

    We discuss the naive lattice fermion without the issue of doublers. A local lattice massless fermion action with chiral symmetry and hermiticity cannot avoid the doubling problem from the Nielsen-Ninomiya theorem. Here we adopt the forward finite-difference deforming the ${\gamma }_5$-hermiticity but preserving the continuum chiral-symmetry. The lattice momentum is not hermitian without the continuum limit now. We demonstrate that there is no doubling issue from an exact solution. The propagator only has one pole in the first-order accuracy. Therefore, it is hard to know the avoiding due to the non-hermiticity. For the second-order, the lattice propagator has two poles as before. This case also does not suffer from the doubling problem. Hence separating the forward derivative from the backward one evades the doublers under the field theory limit. Simultaneously, it is equivalent to breaking the hermiticity. In the end, we discuss the topological charge and also demonstrate the numerical implementation of the Hybrid Monte Carlo.

    ↳ hep-latcond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.str-elhep-phPRD(2021)·5 citations
31. 31*

    The Abelian Higgs model under a gauge invariant looking glass: exploiting new Ward identities for gauge invariant operators and the Equivalence Theorem

    D. Dudal🇧🇪 · G. Peruzzo🇧🇷 · S. P. Sorella🇧🇷

    The content of two additional Ward identities exhibited by the $U(1)$ Higgs model is exploited. These novel Ward identities can be derived only when a pair of local composite operators providing a gauge invariant setup for the Higgs particle and the massive vector boson is introduced in the theory from the beginning. Among the results obtained from the above mentioned Ward identities, we underline a new exact relationship between the stationary condition for the vacuum energy, the vanishing of the tadpoles and the vacuum expectation value of the gauge invariant scalar operator. We also present a characterization of the two-point correlation function of the composite operator corresponding to the vector boson in terms of the two-point function of the elementary gauge fields. Finally, a discussion on the connection between the cartesian and the polar parametrization of the complex scalar field is presented in the light of the Equivalence Theorem. The latter can in the current case be understood in the language of a constrained cohomology, which also allows to rewrite the action in terms of the aforementioned gauge invariant operators. We also comment on the diminished role of the global $U(1)$ symmetry and its breaking.

    ↳ hep-thhep-lathep-phJHEP(2021)·10 citations
32. 32*

    A high-luminosity superconducting twin $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ linear collider with energy recovery

    V.I. Telnov (Budker Institute of Nuclear physics and Novosibirsk State Univ., Novosibirsk, Russia)🇷🇺

    Superconducting technology makes it possible to build a high energy $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ linear collider with energy recovery (ERLC) and reusable beams. To avoid parasitic collisions inside the linacs, a twin (dual) LC is proposed. In this article, I consider the principle scheme of the collider and estimate the achievable luminosity, which is limited by collision effects and available power. Such a collider can operate in a duty cycle (DC) and in a continuous (CW) modes, if sufficient power. With current SC Nb technology ($T=1.8$ K, $f_{\mathrm{RF}}=1.3$ GHz, used for ILC) and with power $P=100$ MW, a luminosity $L\sim 0.33\times 10^{36}\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^{-2}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ is possible at the Higgs factory with $2E_0=250$ GeV. Using superconductors operating at 4.5 K with high $Q_0$ values, such as Nb${}_3$Sn, and $f_{\mathrm{RF}}=0.65$ GHz, the luminosity can reach $L\sim 1.4\times 10^{36}\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^{-2}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ at $2E_0=250$ GeV (with P=100 MW) and $L\sim 0.8\times 10^{36}\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^{-2}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ at $2E_0=500$ GeV (with P=150 MW), which is almost two orders of magnitude greater than at the ILC, where the beams are used only once. This technology requires additional efforts to obtain the required parameters and reliably operation. Such a collider would be the best machine for precision Higgs studies, including the measurement of Higgs self-coupling.

    ↳ physics.acc-phhep-exhep-phJINST(2021)·32 citations
33. 33*

    Imprint of black hole area quantization and Hawking radiation on inspiraling binary

    Sayak Datta🇮🇳 · Khun Sang Phukon🇳🇱

    We study the potential of gravitational wave astronomy to observe the quantum aspects of black holes. According to Bekenstein's quantization, we find that black hole area discretization can have observable imprints on the gravitational wave signal from an inspiraling binary black hole. We study the impact of quantization on tidal heating. We model the absorption lines and compute gravitational wave flux due to tidal heating in such a case. By including the quantization we find the dephasing of the gravitational wave, to our knowledge it has never been done before. We discuss the observability of the phenomena in different parameter ranges of the binary. We show that in the inspiral, it leads to vanishing tidal heating for the high spin values. Therefore measuring non-zero tidal heating can rule out area quantization. We also argue that if area quantization is present in nature then our current modeling with reflectivity can possibly probe the Hawking radiation which may bring important information regarding the quantum nature of gravity.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phhep-thPRD(2021)·32 citations
34. 34*

    $B_s\to D_s^{\ast }$ Form Factors for the full $q^2$ range from Lattice QCD

    Judd Harrison🇬🇧 · Christine T. H. Davies🇬🇧

    We compute the Standard Model semileptonic vector and axial-vector form factors for $B_s\to D_s^{\ast }$ decay across the full $q^2$ range using lattice QCD. We use the Highly Improved Staggered Quark (HISQ) action for all valence quarks, enabling us to normalise weak currents nonperturbatively. We use gluon field configurations including $u$, $d$, $s$ and $c$ HISQ sea quarks and multiple HISQ heavy quarks with masses from the $c$ mass up to that of the $b$ on our finest lattices. We determine the physical form factors, with which we construct the differential and total rates for $\Gamma (B_s^0\to D_s^{\ast -}{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell })$. We find ${\Gamma }_{\ell =e}/|{\eta }_{\mathrm{EW}}{V}_{cb}{|}^2=2.07(17{)}_{\mathrm{latt}}(2{)}_{\mathrm{EM}}\times 10^{13}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$, ${\Gamma }_{\ell =\mu }/|{\eta }_{\mathrm{EW}}{V}_{cb}{|}^2=2.06(16{)}_{\mathrm{latt}}(2{)}_{\mathrm{EM}}\times 10^{13}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ and ${\Gamma }_{\ell =\tau }/|{\eta }_{\mathrm{EW}}{V}_{cb}{|}^2=5.14(37{)}_{\mathrm{latt}}(5{)}_{\mathrm{EM}}\times 10^{12}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$, where ${\eta }_{\mathrm{EW}}$ contains the electroweak correction to $G_F$, the first uncertainty is from our lattice calculation, and the second allows for long-distance QED effects. We compute the ratio $R(D_s^{\ast -})\equiv {\Gamma }_{\ell =\tau }/{\Gamma }_{\ell =\mu }=0.2490(60{)}_{\mathrm{latt}}(35{)}_{\mathrm{EM}}$ and obtain a value for the ratio of decay rates ${\Gamma }_{\ell =\mu }(B_s\to D_s)/{\Gamma }_{\ell =\mu }(B_s\to D_s^{\ast })=0.443(40{)}_{\mathrm{latt}}(4{)}_{\mathrm{EM}}$, which agrees well with recent LHCb results. We determine $|V_{cb}|=42.2(1.5{)}_{\mathrm{latt}}(1.7{)}_{\exp }(0.4{)}_{\mathrm{EM}}\times 10^{-3}$ by combining our lattice results across the full q^2 range with experimental results from LHCb. A comparison of our results to the normalised differential decay rate from LHCb shows good agreement. We also test the impact of new physics couplings on observables sensitive to lepton flavor universality violation.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2022)·70 citations
35. 35*

    Completing the D7-brane local gaugino action

    Yuta Hamada🇺🇸 · Arthur Hebecker🇩🇪 · Gary Shiu🇺🇸 · Pablo Soler🇰🇷

    Within the ongoing debate about de Sitter (dS) vacua in string theory, different aspects of explicit dS proposals have come under intense scrutiny. One key ingredient is D7-brane gaugino condensation, which is usually treated using effective 4d supergravity. However, it is clearly more desirable to derive the relevant scalar potential directly from a local 10d Lagrangian. Such a local 10d description captures the interactions among the various localized sources and the background fields which are smeared in the 4d Lagrangian. While progress in this endeavour has recently been made, some form of non-locality related to the 4-gaugino term has remained hidden in the available proposals. We spell out the local counterterm removing the divergence that arises when integrating out the 3-form flux and which, upon dimensional reduction, serves to reproduce the relevant part of the 4d supergravity action. This is both a step towards a more complete understanding of 10d type-IIB supergravity as well as specifically towards better control of dS constructions in string theory involving gaugino condensation.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COhep-phJHEP(2021)·16 citations
36. 36*

    Interplay Between Approximation Theory and Renormalization Group

    V.I. Yukalov🇷🇺

    The review presents general methods for treating complicated problems that cannot be solved exactly and whose solution encounters two major difficulties. First, there are no small parameters allowing for the safe use of perturbation theory in powers of these parameters, and even when small parameters exist, the related perturbative series are strongly divergent. Second, such perturbative series in powers of these parameters are rather short, so that the standard resummation techniques either yield bad approximations or are not applicable at all. The emphasis in the review is on the methods advanced and developed by the author. One of the general methods is {\it Optimized Perturbation Theory} now widely employed in various branches of physics, chemistry, and applied mathematics. The other powerful method is {\it Self-Similar Approximation Theory} allowing for quite simple and accurate summation of divergent series. These theories share many common features with the method of renormalization group, which is briefly sketched in order to stress the similarities in their ideas and their mutual interconnection.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.otherhep-phmath-ph+1Phys.Part.Nucl.(2019)·36 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.