Fri·May 14, 2021Friday·May 14, 2021

1. 01*

   Parton Distribution Functions for diquarks based on an AdS/QCD quark-diquark nucleon model

   Benjamin Rodriguez-Aguilar🇷🇺 · Ya. A. Berdnikov🇷🇺

   We present a phenomenological unpolarized Parton Distribution Functions for diquarks based on a soft-wall light front AdS/QCD quark-diquark nucleon model. From a probed model consistent with the Drewll-Yan-West relation and quark counting rule, we have performed a fit of some free parameters using known phenomenological quark PDF data. The model considers the entire set of possible diquarks within the nucleon valence, in the present work we focus on the spin-0 $u{d}_0$, spin-1 $u{d}_1$ and spin-1 $u{u}_1$ diquarks into the valence of protons. The diquark PDFs obtained are able to used in proton-proton collision simulations.

   hep-phSt.Petersburg Polytech.Univ.J.Phys.Math.(2021)·1 citation
2. 02*

   Far-from-equilibrium hydrodynamic simulations of ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions

   Mike McNelis🇺🇸

   We develop a far-from-equilibrium hydrodynamic model to evolve ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions in event-by-event simulations. Anisotropic hydrodynamics is designed to better handle the strong and highly anisotropic expansion during the early stages of the collision. The large gradients cause conventional second-order viscous hydrodynamic approaches to break down at early times. Anisotropic hydrodynamics evolves the large pressure anisotropies present in the quark-gluon plasma non-perturbatively, which prevents negative longitudinal pressures from developing even under extreme conditions. This increased stability allows us to start anisotropic hydrodynamics already at a very early longitudinal proper time to evolve the pre-hydrodynamic stage. In current pre-hydrodynamic models, the equation of state is not consistent with the QCD equation of state used in the subsequent fluid dynamic stage. Since our approach avoids this inconsistency, we are able to achieve a smooth transition to non-conformal viscous hydrodynamics as the gradients decrease over time. For our first phenomenological application, we apply our new simulation to model fluctuating Pb+Pb collisions at LHC energies ($\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}=2.76$ TeV) and find that our preliminary calculations for the hadronic observables are in excellent agreement with the experimental data.

   hep-phnucl-th3 citations
3. 03*

   Two Flavor Baryon Number Susceptibilities of Non-equilibrium State

   Ameng Zhao🇨🇳

   In this paper, to be closer to the realities of the relativistic heavy ion collisions than the thermal equilibrium assumption often used in the calculations of baryon number susceptibilities, the creatures of the collisions are treated as isotropic systems with temperature gradient. In addition, the quarks are thought as the quasi-particles with thermal masses. By doing these and according to Boltzmann transport equation, we get our results of the experimental observables $S\sigma$ and $\kappa {\sigma }^2$. We found that the results show a gap in value and a centrality dependence, which might indicate the relation between the baryon number susceptibilities and the temperature gradient in QGP.

   hep-ph0 citations
4. 04*

   Baryon Number Fluctuations in Two Flavor NJL Model

   Ameng Zhao🇨🇳 · Hongshi Zong🇨🇳

   Baryon number fluctuations are believed to be good signatures of the QCD phase transition and its CP. Since the fluctuations are proportional to the various order baryon-number susceptibilities and the quark-number density is related to the dressed quark propagator, then by the two flavor NJL model we can calculate the moments of the up and down quarks. By comparing the two flavor NJL model results with the experimental data of $S\sigma$ and $\kappa {\sigma }^2$ for the net-proton distributions of Au+Au collisions by STAR, we found that the NJL results fit the experiments better at large collision energies and show an obvious fluctuation at small energies. And this fluctuation reflect that the two flavor NJL model is sensitive to the parameters of temperature $T$ and quark chemical potential $\mu$ at small collision energies.

   hep-ph0 citations
5. 05*

   Inflation connected to the origin of $CP$ violation

   Tsuyoshi Hashimoto🇯🇵 · Norma Sidik Risdianto🇯🇵 · Daijiro Suematsu🇯🇵

   We consider a simple extension of the standard model, which could give a solution for its $CP$ issues such as the origin of both CKM and PMNS phases and the strong $CP$ problem. The model is extended with singlet scalars which could cause spontaneous $CP$ violation to result in these phases at low energy regions. The singlet scalars could give a good inflaton candidate if they have a suitable nonminimal coupling with the Ricci scalar. $CP$ issues and inflation could be closely related through these singlet scalars in a natural way. In a case where inflaton is a mixture of the singlet scalars, we study reheating and leptogenesis as notable phenomena affected by the fields introduced in this extension.

   hep-phPRD(2021)·12 citations
6. 06*

   Nucleon-nucleon interaction in the ${}^3{S}_1$-${}^3{D}_1$ coupled channel for a pion mass of 469 MeV

   Qian-Qian Bai🇨🇳 · Chun-Xuan Wang🇨🇳 · Yang Xiao🇨🇳 · Jun-Xu Lu🇨🇳 · Li-Sheng Geng🇨🇳

   In this work, we apply the relativistic chiral nuclear force to describe the state-of-the-art lattice simulations of the nucleon-nucleon scattering amplitude. In particular, we focus on the ${}^3{S}_1$-${}^3{D}_1$ coupled channel for a pion mass of 469 MeV. We show that at leading order the relativistic chiral nuclear force can only describe ${\delta }_{3S1}$ and ${\epsilon }_1$ up to $T_{lab.}\approx 10$ MeV, while at the next-to-leading order it can do much better up to $T_{\mathrm{lab}}=200$ MeV. However, at the next-to-next-to-leading order, the description deteriorates, which can be attributed to the fact that the pion-mass dependence of the pion-nucleon couplings $c_{1,2,3,4}$ may not be negligible. Furthermore, all the studies consistently yield negative ${\delta }_{3D1}$, contrary to the lattice QCD results which are positive but consistent with zero. The present study is relevant to a better understanding of the lattice QCD nucleon-nucleon force and more general baryon-baryon interactions.

   hep-phhep-latPLB(2022)·10 citations
7. 07*

   Light Speed Variation in a String Theory Model for Space-Time Foam

   Chengyi Li🇨🇳 · Bo-Qiang Ma🇨🇳

   We revisit a supersymmetric string model for space-time foam, in which bosonic open-string states, such as photons, can possess quantum-gravity-induced velocity fluctuations in vacuum. We argue that the suggestion of light speed variation with lower bound from gamma-ray burst photon time delays can serve as a support for this string-inspired framework, through connecting the experimental finding with model predictions. We also derive the value of the effective quantum-gravity mass in this framework, and give a qualitative study on the model-dependent coefficients. Constraints from birefringent effects and/or photon decays, including the novel $\gamma$-decay constraint obtained here from the latest Tibet AS$\gamma$ near-PeV photon, are also found to be consistent with predictions in such a quantum-gravity scheme. Future observation that can testify further the theory is suggested.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEPLB(2021)·31 citations
8. 08*

   Associated charmonium-bottomonium production in a single boson $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation

   I.N. Belov🇷🇺 · A.V. Berezhnoy🇷🇺 · E.A. Leshchenko🇷🇺

   The production cross sections of $J/\psi {\eta }_b$, ${\rm Y}{\eta }_c$ pairs in a single boson $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation have been studied in a wide range of energies, which will be achieved at future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders. The main color singlet contributions to the production processes are taken into account, including the one loop QCD contribution.

   hep-phSymmetry(2021)·7 citations
9. 09*

   The Minimal Supersymmetric Universal Seesaw Mechanism (MSUSM)

   M. C. Rodriguez🇧🇷

   We build a supersymmetric model with $SU(2{)}_L\otimes SU(2{)}_R\otimes U(1{)}_{(B-L)}$ electroweak gauge symmetry, where $SU(2{)}_L$ is the left-handed currents while $SU(2{)}_R$ is the right-handed currents and $B$ and $L$ are the usual baryonic and leptonic numbers. We can generate an universal seesaw mechanism to get masses for all the usual fermions in this model, it means quarks and leptons, and also explain the mixing experimental data. We will also to study the masses of the Gauge Bosons and also the masses of all usual scalars of this model.

   hep-ph1 citation
10. 10*

    Symmetry origin of Baryon Asymmetry, Dark Matter and Neutrino Mass

    Subhaditya Bhattacharya🇮🇳 · Rishav Roshan🇮🇳 · Arunansu Sil🇮🇳 · Drona Vatsyayan🇮🇳

    We propose a minimal model based on lepton number symmetry (and violation), to address a common origin of baryon asymmetry, dark matter and neutrino mass generation. The model consists of a vector like fermion to constitute the dark sector, three right handed neutrinos (RHN) to dictate leptogenesis and neutrino mass, while an additional complex scalar is assumed to be present in the early universe the decay of which produces both DM and RHN via lepton number violating and lepton number conserving interactions respectively. Interestingly, the presence of the same scalar helps in making the electroweak vacuum stable till the Planck scale. The unnatural largeness and smallness of the parameters required to describe correct experimental limits are attributed to lepton number violation. The allowed parameter space of the model is illustrated via a numerical scan.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·23 citations
11. 11*

    Searching for new physics through neutrino non-standard interactions

    Yong Du🇨🇳

    Due to the absence of any definite signals of new physics at colliders and from precision measurements, it has gradually become more and more popular in the community to utilize the effective field theory (EFT) framework in searching for new physics in a model-independent manner. In this letter, working in the EFT framework and focusing on neutrino non-standard interactions (NSIs), we report our most recent results on these NSIs from considering terrestrial neutrino oscillation experiments Daya Bay, Double Chooz, RENO, T2K and NO$\nu$A, and precision measurements of $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ from Planck and CMB-S4.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HE2 citations
12. 12*

    Up-down Asymmetries and Angular Distributions in $D\to K_1(\to K\pi \pi ){\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$

    Lingzhu Bian🇨🇳 · Liang Sun🇨🇳 · Wei Wang🇨🇳

    Using the helicity amplitude technique, we derive differential decay widths and angular distributions for the decay cascade $D\to K_1(1270,1400){\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }\to (K\pi \pi ){\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }(\ell =e,\mu )$, in which the electron and muon mass is explicitly included. Using a set of phenomenological results for $D\to K_1$ form factors, we calculate partial decay widths and branching fractions for $D^0\to K_1^{-}{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ and $D^{+}\to K_1^0{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$, but find that results for $\mathcal{B}(D\to K_1(1270)e^{+}{\nu }_e)$ are larger than recent BESIII measurements by about a factor 1.5. We further demonstrate that the measurement of up-down asymmetry in $D\to K_1{e}^{+}{\nu }_e\to (K\pi \pi )e^{+}{\nu }_e$ and angular distributions in $D\to K_1{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }\to (K\pi \pi ){\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ can help to determine the hadronic amplitude requested in $B\to K_1(\to K\pi \pi )\gamma$. Based on the Monte-Carlo simulation with the LHCb geometrical acceptance, we find that the angular distributions of MC events can be well described.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2021)·9 citations
13. 13*

    Forward-backward asymmetries of the heavy quark pair production in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collisions at $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s^2)$

    Long Chen🇩🇪

    The talk is on a computational set-up for calculating the production of a massive quark-antiquark pair in electron positron collisions to order ${\alpha }_s^2$ in the coupling of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at the differential level using the antenna subtraction method. Theoretical predictions on the production of top quark pairs in the continuum, and the bottom quark pairs at the $Z$ resonance, will be discussed. In particular, we would be focusing on the order ${\alpha }_s^2$ QCD corrections to the heavy quark forward-backward asymmetry (AFB) in electron positron collisions. In the case of the AFB of bottom quarks at the $Z$ resonance, the QCD corrections are determined with respect to both the bottom quark axis and the thrust axis. We will also briefly discuss improvements on these QCD corrections brought by applying the optimization procedure based on the Principle of Maximum Conformality.

    hep-phhep-ex1 citation
14. 14*

    The THDMa revisited -- A preview

    Tania Robens🇭🇷

    We here present preliminary results on a parameter scan of the THDMa, a new physics model that extends the scalar sector of the Standard Model by an additional doublet as well as a pseudoscalar singlet. In the gauge-eigenbasis, the additional pseudoscalar serves as a portal to the dark sector, with a fermionic dark matter candidate. This model is currently one of the standard benchmarks for the LHC experimental collaborations. We apply all current theoretical and experimental constraints and identify regions in the parameter space that might be interesting for an investigation at possible future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ facilities.

    hep-ph1 citation
15. 15*

    Modular Origin of Mass Hierarchy: Froggatt-Nielsen like Mechanism

    Hitomi Kuranaga🇯🇵 · Hiroshi Ohki🇯🇵 · Shohei Uemura🇯🇵

    We study Froggatt-Nielsen (FN) like flavor models with modular symmetry. The FN mechanism is a convincing solution to the flavor puzzle in quark sector. The FN mechanism requires an extra $U(1)$ gauge symmetry which is broken at high energy. Alternatively, in the framework of modular symmetry the modular weights can play the role of the FN charges of the extra $U(1)$ symmetry. Based on the FN-like mechanism with modular symmetry we present new flavor models for quark sector. Assuming that the three generations have a common representation under modular symmetry, our models simply reproduce the FN-like Yukawa matrices. We also show that the realistic mass hierarchy and mixing angles, which are related each other through the modular parameters and a scalar vev, can be realized in models with several finite modular groups (and their double covering groups) without unnatural hierarchical parameters.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2021)·27 citations
16. 16*

    Dark matter Axion search with riNg Cavity Experiment DANCE: Current sensitivity

    Yuka Oshima🇯🇵 · Hiroki Fujimoto🇯🇵 · Masaki Ando🇯🇵 · Tomohiro Fujita🇯🇵 · Yuta Michimura🇯🇵 · Koji Nagano🇯🇵 · Ippei Obata🇩🇪 · Taihei Watanabe🇯🇵

    Dark matter Axion search with riNg Cavity Experiment (DANCE) was proposed. To search for axion-like particles, we aim to detect the rotation and oscillation of optical linear polarization caused by axion-photon coupling with a bow-tie cavity. DANCE can improve the sensitivity to axion-photon coupling constant $g_{a\gamma }$ for axion mass $m_a<10^{-10}\mathrm{eV}$ by several orders of magnitude compared to the best upper limits at present. A prototype experiment DANCE Act-1 is in progress to demonstrate the feasibility of the method and to investigate technical noises. We assembled the optics, evaluated the performance of the cavity, and estimated the current sensitivity. If we observe for a year, we can reach $g_{a\gamma }\simeq 9\times 10^{-7}\mathrm{Ge}{\mathrm{V}}^{-1}$ at $m_a\simeq 10^{-13}\mathrm{eV}$. The current sensitivity was believed to be limited by laser intensity noise at low frequencies and by mechanical vibration at high frequencies.

    hep-phastro-ph.IMphysics.ins-det10 citations
17. 17*

    Investigation of exotic state X(3872) in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$7 and 13 TeV

    Hong-ge Xu🇨🇳 · Zhi-Lei She🇨🇳 · Dai-Mei Zhou🇨🇳 · Liang Zheng🇨🇳 · Xiao-Lin Kang🇨🇳 · Gang Chen🇨🇳 · Ben-Hao Sa🇨🇳

    We have used the dynamically constrained phase space coalescence model to study the production of the exotic state $X(3872)$ based on the hadronic final states generated by the parton and hadron cascade model (PACIAE) with $|y|<1$ and $p_T<15.5$ GeV/c in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ and 13 TeV, respectively. Here the $X(3872)$ is assumed to consist of bound state $D\overline{D^{\ast }}$, which can form three possible structures for the tetraquark state, the nucleus-like state, and the molecular state. The yields of three different structures $X(3872)$ were predicted. The transverse momentum distribution and the rapidity distribution of three different structures $X(3872)$ are also presented. Sizable difference can be found in the transverse momentum and rapidity distributions for the three different $X(3872)$ structures.

    hep-phEPJC(2021)·16 citations
18. 18*

    Enhancement of the double Higgs production via leptoquarks at the LHC

    Leandro Da Rold🇦🇷 · Manuel Epele🇫🇮 · Anibal Medina🇦🇷 · Nicolás I. Mileo🇦🇷 · Alejandro Szynkman🇦🇷

    Measurements of single Higgs production and its decays are in good agreement with the Standard Model. There is still room for large modifications in double Higgs production at LHC, though these effects may be correlated with large corrections to other observables, in particular single Higgs production. In this work we address the issue of enhancing double Higgs production in the presence of scalar leptoquarks while satisfying all experimental constraints. We show at leading order that including more than one species of leptoquarks, large cubic interactions with the Higgs can lead to sizable enhancement of di-Higgs production cross section at LHC, while at the same time keeping other Higgs observables and precision measurements under control. For masses above 800 GeV these corrections are in general below 30%, whereas in a viable scenario in which one of the leptoquarks can be light, specifically in the mass range $400-600$ GeV, we show that it is possible to roughly double the SM cross section for di-Higgs production, implying that possible first hints of it may be probed at the high luminosity LHC at $\mathcal{L}\sim 2$ ab${}^{-1}$.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2021)·13 citations
19. 19*

    Mixed QCD-EW corrections for Higgs leptonic decay via $H{W}^{+}{W}^{-}$ vertex

    Chichuan Ma🇨🇳 · Yuxuan Wang🇨🇳 · Xiaofeng Xu🇨🇭 · Li Lin Yang🇨🇳 · Bin Zhou🇨🇳

    We consider the two-loop corrections to the $H{W}^{+}{W}^{-}$ vertex at order $\alpha {\alpha }_s$. We construct a canonical basis for the two-loop integrals using the Baikov representation and the intersection theory. By solving the $ϵ$-form differential equations, we obtain fully analytic expressions for the master integrals in terms of multiple polylogarithms, which allow fast and accurate numeric evaluation for arbitrary configurations of external momenta. We apply our analytic results to the decay process $H\to {\nu }_{e}eW$, and study both the integrated and differential decay rates. Our results can also be applied to the Higgs production process via $W$ boson fusion.

    hep-phJHEP(2021)·18 citations
20. 20*

    Probing ultra-light dark photon from inverse Compton-like scattering

    Liangliang Su🇨🇳 · Lei Wu🇨🇳 · Bin Zhu🇨🇳

    Dark photon not only provides a portal linking dark sector particles and ordinary matter but also is a well-motivated dark matter candidate. We propose to detect the dark photon dark matter through the inverse Compton-like scattering process $p+{\gamma }^{\prime }\to p+\gamma$. Thanks to the ultra-high energy primary cosmic rays, we find that such a method is able to probe the dark photon mass from $10^{-2}$ eV down to $10^{-19}$ eV with the expected sensitivity of eROSITA $X$-ray telescope, which can extend the current lower limit of dark photon mass from Jupiter's magnetic fields experiment by about three orders of magnitude.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2022)·24 citations
21. 21*

    Understanding partonic energy loss from measured light charged particles and jets in PbPb collisions at LHC energies

    Prashant Shukla🇮🇳 · Kapil Saraswat🇹🇼

    We perform a comprehensive study of partonic energy loss reflected in the nuclear modification factors of charged particles and jets measured in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV in wide transverse momentum ($p_{\mathrm{T}}$) and centrality range. The $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ distributions in pp collisions are fitted with a modified power law and the nuclear modification factor in PbPb collisions can be obtained using effective shift ($\Delta p_{\mathrm{T}}$) in the spectrum measured at different centralities. Driven by physics consideration, the functional form of energy loss given by $\Delta p_{\mathrm{T}}$ can be assumed as power law with different power indices in three different $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ regions. The power indices and the boundaries of three $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ regions are obtained by fitting the measured nuclear modification factor as a function of $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ in all collision centralities simultaneously. The energy loss in different collisions centralities are described in terms of fractional power of number of participants. It is demanded that the power law functions in three $p_T$ regions and their derivatives are continuous at the $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ boundaries. The $\Delta p_{\mathrm{T}}$ for light charged particles is found to increase linearly with $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ in low $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ region below $\sim 5-6$ GeV/$c$ and approaches a constant value in high $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ region above $\sim 22-29$ GeV/$c$ with an intermediate power law connecting the two regions. The method is also used for jets and it is found that for jets, the $\Delta p_{\mathrm{T}}$ increases approximately linearly even at very high $p_{\mathrm{T}}$.

    hep-phnucl-thJ.Phys.G(2020)·4 citations
22. 22*

    Improved $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ Measurements and Supersymmetry : Implications for $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders

    Manimala Chakraborti🇵🇱 · Sven Heinemeyer🇪🇸 · Ipsita Saha🇯🇵

    The persistent 3-4$\sigma$ discrepancy between the experimental result from BNL for the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and its Standard Model (SM) prediction, was confirmed recently by the "MUON G-2" result from Fermilab. The combination of the two measurements yields a deviation of 4.2$\sigma$ from the SM value. Here, we review an analysis of the parameter space of the electroweak (EW) sector of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), which can provide a suitable explanation of the anomaly while being in full agreement with other latest experimental data like the direct searches for EW particles at the LHC and dark matter (DM) relic density and direct detection constraints. Taking the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) (the lightest neutralino in our case) to be the DM candidate, we discuss the case of a mixed bino/wino LSP, which can account for the full DM relic density of the universe and that of wino and higgsino DM, where we take the relic density only as an upper bound. We observe that an upper limit of ~ 600 GeV can be obtained for the LSP and next-to (N)LSP masses establishing clear search targets for the future HL-LHC EW searches, but in particular for future high-energy $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders, such as the ILC or CLIC.

    hep-ph22 citations
23. 23*

    High-energy resummation in ${\Lambda }_c$ baryon production

    Francesco Giovanni Celiberto🇮🇹 · Michael Fucilla🇮🇹 · Dmitry Yu. Ivanov🇷🇺 · Alessandro Papa🇮🇹

    We present a study on inclusive emissions of a double ${\Lambda }_c$ or of a ${\Lambda }_c$ plus a light-flavored jet system as probe channels in the semi-hard regime of QCD. Our formalism relies on the so-called hybrid high-energy/collinear factorization, where the standard collinear description is supplemented by the $t$-channel resummation à la BFKL of energy logarithms up to the next-to-leading accuracy. We make use of the JETHAD modular interface, suited to the analysis of different semi-hard reactions, employing the novel KKSS19 parameterization for the description of parton fragmentation into ${\Lambda }_c$ baryons. We provide predictions for rapidity distributions and azimuthal correlations, that can be studied at current and forthcoming LHC configurations, hunting for possible stabilizing effects of the high-energy series.

    hep-phEPJC(2021)·84 citations
24. 24*

    Explaining the MiniBooNE Excess Through a Mixed Model of Oscillation and Decay

    Stefano Vergani🇬🇧 · Nicholas W. Kamp🇺🇸 · Alejandro Diaz🇺🇸 · Carlos A. Argüelles🇺🇸 · Janet M. Conrad🇺🇸 · Michael H. Shaevitz🇺🇸 · Melissa A. Uchida🇬🇧

    The electron-like excess observed by the MiniBooNE experiment is explained with a model comprising a new low mass state ($\mathcal{O}(1)$ eV) participating in neutrino oscillations and a new high mass state ($\mathcal{O}(100)$ MeV) that decays to $\nu +\gamma$. Short-baseline oscillation data sets are used to predict the oscillation parameters. Fitting the MiniBooNE energy and scattering angle data, there is a narrow joint allowed region for the decay contribution at 95% CL. The result is a substantial improvement over the single sterile neutrino oscillation model, with $\Delta {\chi }^2/dof$ = 19.3/2 for a decay coupling of $2.8\times 10^{-7}$ GeV${}^{-1}$, high mass state of 376 MeV, oscillation mixing angle of $7\times 10^{-4}$ and mass splitting of $1.3$ eV${}^2$. This model predicts that no clear oscillation signature will be observed in the FNAL short baseline program due to the low signal-level.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2021)·62 citations
25. 25*

    Old Rocks, New Limits: Excavated Ancient Mica Searches For Dark Matter

    Javier F. Acevedo🇨🇦 · Joseph Bramante🇨🇦 · Alan Goodman🇨🇦

    Minerals excavated from the Earth's crust contain gigayear-long astroparticle records, which can be read out using acid etching and microscopy, providing unmatched sensitivity to high mass dark matter. A roughly millimetre size slab of 500 million year old muscovite mica, calibrated and analyzed by Snowden-Ifft et al.~in 1990, revealed no signs of dark matter recoils and placed competitive limits on the nuclear interactions for sub-TeV mass dark matter. A different analysis of larger mica slabs in 1986 by Price and Salamon searched for strongly interacting monopoles. After implementing a detailed treatment of Earth's overburden, we utilize these ancient etched mica data to obtain new bounds on high mass dark matter interactions with nuclei.

    hep-phhep-exJCAP(2023)·40 citations
26. 26*

    Supernova constraints on an axion-photon-dark photon interaction

    Anson Hook🇺🇸 · Gustavo Marques-Tavares🇺🇸 · Clayton Ristow🇺🇸

    We present the supernova constraints on an axion-photon-dark photon coupling, which can be the leading coupling to dark sector models and can also lead to dramatic changes to axion cosmology. We show that the supernova bound on this coupling has two unusual features. One occurs because the scattering that leads to the trapping regime converts axions and dark photons into each other. Thus, if one of the two new particles is sufficiently massive, both production and scattering become suppressed and the bounds from bulk emission and trapped (area) emission both weaken exponentially and do not intersect. The other unusual feature occurs because for light dark photons, longitudinal modes couple more weakly than transverse modes do. Since the longitudinal mode is more weakly coupled, it can still cause excessive cooling even if the transverse mode is trapped. Thus, the supernova constraints for massive dark photons look like two independent supernova bounds super-imposed on top of each other.

    hep-phJHEP(2021)·35 citations
27. 27*

    Portal Effective Theories: A framework for the model independent description of light hidden sector interactions

    Chiara Arina🇧🇪 · Jan Hajer🇧🇪 · Philipp Klose🇨🇭

    We present a framework for the construction of portal effective theories (PETs) that couple effective field theories of the Standard Model (SM) to light hidden messenger fields. Using this framework we construct electroweak and strong scale PETs that couple the SM to messengers carrying spin zero, one half, or one. The electroweak scale PETs encompass all portal operators up to dimension five, while the strong scale PETs additionally contain all portal operators of dimension six and seven that contribute at leading order to quark-flavour violating transitions. Using the strong scale PETs, we define a set of portal currents that couple hidden sectors to QCD, and construct portal chiral perturbation theories ($\chi$PTs) that relate these currents to the light pseudoscalar mesons. We estimate the coefficients of the portal $\chi$PT Lagrangian that are not fixed by SM observations using non-perturbative matching techniques and give a complete list of the resulting one- and two-meson portal interactions. From those, we compute transition amplitudes for three golden channels that are used in hidden sector searches at fixed target experiments: i) charged kaon decay into a charged pion and a spin zero messenger, ii) charged kaon decay into a charged lepton and a spin one half messenger, and iii) neutral pion decay into a photon and a spin one messenger. Finally, we compare these amplitudes to specific expressions for models featuring light scalar particles, axion-like particles, heavy neutral leptons, and dark photons.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJHEP(2021)·19 citations
28. 28*

    Global constraints on neutral-current generalized neutrino interactions

    F. J. Escrihuela🇪🇸 · L. J. Flores🇲🇽 · O. G. Miranda🇲🇽 · Javier Rendón🇲🇽

    We study generalized neutrino interactions (GNI) for several neutrino processes, including neutrinos from electron-positron collisions, neutrino-electron scattering, and neutrino deep inelastic scattering. We constrain scalar, pseudoscalar, and tensor new physics effective couplings, based on the standard model effective field theory at low energies. We have performed a global analysis for the different effective couplings. We also present the different individual constraints for each effective parameter (scalar, pseudoscalar, and tensor). Being a global analysis, we show robust results for the restrictions on the different GNI parameters and improve some of these bounds.

    hep-phJHEP(2021)·21 citations
29. 29*

    Probing baryogenesis with neutron-antineutron oscillations

    Kåre Fridell🇩🇪 · Julia Harz🇩🇪 · Chandan Hati🇩🇪

    In the near future, the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment and the European Spallation Source aim to reach unprecedented sensitivity in the search for neutron-antineutron ($n\text{-}\bar{n}$) oscillations, whose observation would directly imply $|\Delta B|=2$ violation and hence might hint towards a close link to the mechanism behind the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe. In this work, we explore the consequences of such a discovery for baryogenesis first within a model-independent effective field theory approach. We then refine our analysis by including a source of CP violation and different hierarchies between the scales of new physics using a simplified model. We analyse the implication for baryogenesis in different scenarios and confront our results with complementary experimental constraints from dinucleon decay, LHC, and meson oscillations. We find that for a small mass hierarchy between the new degrees of freedom, an observable rate for $n\text{-}\bar{n}$ oscillation would imply that the washout processes are too strong to generate any sizeable baryon asymmetry, even if the CP violation is maximal. On the other hand, for a large hierarchy between the new degrees of freedom, our analysis shows that successful baryogenesis can occur over a large part of the parameter space, opening the window to be probed by current and future colliders and upcoming $n\text{-}\bar{n}$ oscillation searches.

    hep-phJHEP(2021)·29 citations
30. 30*

    Hamiltonian formulation of an effective modified gravity with nondynamical background fields

    Carlos M. Reyes🇨🇱 · Marco Schreck🇧🇷

    The current paper is dedicated to developing a (3+1) decomposition for the minimal gravitational Standard-Model Extension. Our setting is explicit diffeomorphism violation and we focus on the background fields known in the literature as $u$ and $s^{\mu \nu }$. The Hamiltonian formalism is developed for these contributions, which amounts to deriving modified Hamiltonian and momentum constraints. We then study the connection between these modified constraints and the modified Einstein equations. Implications are drawn on the form of the background fields to guarantee the internal consistency of the corresponding modified-gravity theories. In the course of our analysis, we obtain a set of consistency requirements for $u$ and certain sectors of $s^{\mu \nu }$. We argue that the constraint structure remains untouched when these conditions are satisfied. Our results shed light on explicit violations of diffeomorphism invariance and local Lorentz invariance in gravity. They may turn out to be valuable for developing a better understanding of effective modified-gravity theories.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2021)·40 citations
31. 31*

    SM gauge fields localized on non-Abelian vortices in 6 dimensions

    Masato Arai🇯🇵 · Filip Blaschke🇨🇿 · Minoru Eto🇯🇵 · Masaki Kawaguchi🇯🇵 · Norisuke Sakai🇯🇵

    A brane-world $SU(5)$ GUT model with global non-Abelian vortices is constructed in six-dimensional spacetime. We find a solution with a vortex associated to $SU(3)$ separated from another vortex associated to $SU(2)$. This $3-2$ split configuration achieves a geometric Higgs mechanism for $SU(5)\to SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$ symmetry breaking. A simple deformation potential induces a domain wall between non-Abelian vortices, leading to a linear confining potential. The confinement stabilizes the vortex separation moduli, and assures the vorticity of $SU(3)$ group and of $SU(2)$ group to be identical. This dictates the equality of the numbers of fermion zero modes in the fundamental representation of $SU(3)$ (quarks) and of $SU(2)$ (leptons), leading to quark-lepton generations. The standard model massless gauge fields are localized on the non-Abelian vortices thanks to a field-dependent gauge kinetic function. We perform fluctuation analysis with an appropriate gauge fixing and obtain a four-dimensional effective Lagrangian of unbroken and broken gauge fields at quadratic order. We find that $SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$ gauge fields are localized on the vortices and exactly massless. Complications in analyzing the spectra of gauge fields with the nontrivial gauge kinetic function are neatly worked out by a vector-analysis like method.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPTEP(2021)·4 citations
32. 32*

    Interstellar Gas Heating by Primordial Black Holes

    Volodymyr Takhistov🇯🇵 · Philip Lu🇺🇸 · Graciela B. Gelmini🇺🇸 · Kohei Hayashi🇯🇵 · Yoshiyuki Inoue🇯🇵 · Alexander Kusenko🇺🇸

    Interstellar gas heating is a powerful cosmology-independent observable for exploring the parameter space of primordial black holes (PBHs) formed in the early Universe that could constitute part of the dark matter (DM). We provide a detailed analysis of the various aspects for this observable, such as PBH emission mechanisms. Using observational data from the Leo T dwarf galaxy, we constrain the PBH abundance over a broad mass-range, $M_{\mathrm{PBH}}\sim \mathcal{O}(1)M_{\odot }-10^7{M}_{\odot }$, relevant for the recently detected gravitational wave signals from intermediate-mass BHs. We also consider PBH gas heating of systems with bulk relative velocity with respect to the DM, such as Galactic clouds.

    ↳ astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2022)·50 citations
33. 33*

    Prospects for chargino pair production at CEPC

    Jia-Rong Yuan🇨🇳 · Hua-Jie Cheng🇨🇳 · Xu-Ai Zhuang🇨🇳

    The proposed Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC), with a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=240$ GeV, will primarily serve as a Higgs factory. At the same time, it can offer good opportunities to search for new physics phenomena at low energy, which can be challenging to discover at hadron colliders, but well motivated by some theoretical models developed to explain, e.g., the relic abundance of dark matter. This paper presents sensitivity studies of chargino pair production, considering scenarios for both a Bino-like and a Higgsino-like neutralino as the lightest supersymmetric particle, using full Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. With the assumption of systematic uncertainties at the level of 5%, the CEPC has the ability to discover chargino pair production up to the kinematic limit of $\sqrt{s}/2$ for both scenarios. The results have a minor dependence on the reconstruction model and detector geometry. These results can also be considered as a reference and benchmark for similar searches at other proposed electron-positron colliders, such as the Future Circular Collider ee (FCC-ee) or the International Linear Collider (ILC), particularly given the similar nature of the facilities, detectors, center-of-mass energies, and target luminosities.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phCPC(2022)·3 citations
34. 34*

    The Muon Puzzle in cosmic-ray induced air showers and its connection to the Large Hadron Collider

    Johannes Albrecht🇩🇪 · Lorenzo Cazon🇵🇹 · Hans Dembinski🇩🇪 · Anatoli Fedynitch🇯🇵 · Karl-Heinz Kampert🇩🇪 · Tanguy Pierog🇩🇪 · Wolfgang Rhode🇩🇪 · Dennis Soldin🇺🇸 · Bernhard Spaan🇩🇪 · Ralf Ulrich🇩🇪 · Michael Unger🇩🇪

    High-energy cosmic rays are observed indirectly by detecting the extensive air showers initiated in Earth's atmosphere. The interpretation of these observations relies on accurate models of air shower physics, which is a challenge and an opportunity to test QCD under extreme conditions. Air showers are hadronic cascades, which eventually decay into muons. The muon number is a key observable to infer the mass composition of cosmic rays. Air shower simulations with state-of-the-art QCD models show a significant muon deficit with respect to measurements; this is called the Muon Puzzle. The origin of this discrepancy has been traced to the composition of secondary particles in hadronic interactions. The muon discrepancy starts at the TeV scale, which suggests that this change in hadron composition is observable at the Large Hadron Collider. An effect that can potentially explain the puzzle has been discovered at the LHC, but needs to be confirmed for forward produced hadrons with LHCb, and with future data on oxygen beams.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-exhep-phAstrophys.Space Sci.(2022)·203 citations
35. 35*

    First neutrino interaction candidates at the LHC

    FASER Collaboration: Henso Abreu🇮🇱 · Yoav Afik🇮🇱 · Claire Antel🇨🇭 · Jason Arakawa🇺🇸 · Akitaka Ariga🇨🇭 · Tomoko Ariga🇯🇵 · Florian Bernlochner🇩🇪 · Tobias Boeckh🇩🇪 · Jamie Boyd🇨🇭 · Lydia Brenner🇨🇭 · Franck Cadoux🇨🇭 · David W. Casper🇺🇸 and 63 other authors

    FASER$\nu$ at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is designed to directly detect collider neutrinos for the first time and study their cross sections at TeV energies, where no such measurements currently exist. In 2018, a pilot detector employing emulsion films was installed in the far-forward region of ATLAS, 480 m from the interaction point, and collected 12.2 fb${}^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. We describe the analysis of this pilot run data and the observation of the first neutrino interaction candidates at the LHC. This milestone paves the way for high-energy neutrino measurements at current and future colliders.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phphysics.ins-detPRD(2021)·117 citations
36. 36*

    Hybrid stars with large strange quark cores constrained by GW170817

    Márcio Ferreira🇵🇹 · Renan Câmara Pereira🇵🇹 · Constança Providência🇵🇹

    We analyze the impact of several multi-quark interaction channels on the properties of hybrid stars. Four and eight vector interactions were included in the $SU(3)$ NJL model to describe the quark matter, and all vector like interactions were investigated. The hybrid stars were built starting from an hadronic EoS that satisfy presently accepted nuclear matter properties and considering the quark model constrained by the vacuum properties of several light mesons. The interplay between the 8-quark vector interaction and the 4-quark isovector-vector interaction determine the size of the quark core and its strangeness content. The inclusion of a isovector-vector interaction is essential to obtain large $s$-quark contents and a smaller central speed of sound, although this interaction pushes the onset of quarks to larger densities. It is observed that low mass stars, with a mass below 1.4$M_{\odot }$, may contain a quark core but with small strangeness content. It is shown that the presently existing mass and tidal deformability constraints from NS observations allow for the existence of hybrid stars with a large strangeness content and large quark cores for binary mass ratios $q=M_2/M_1\gtrsim 0.85$.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRD(2021)·21 citations
37. 37*

    Testing the nature of dark compact objects with gravitational waves

    Elisa Maggio🇮🇹 · Paolo Pani🇮🇹 · Guilherme Raposo🇮🇹

    Within Einstein's theory of gravity, any compact object heavier than a few solar masses must be a black hole. Any observation showing otherwise would imply either new physics beyond General Relativity or new exotic matter fields beyond the Standard Model, and might provide a portal to understand some puzzling properties of a black hole. We give a short overview on tests of the nature of dark compact objects with present and future gravitational-wave observations, including inspiral tests of the multipolar structure of compact objects and of their tidal deformability, ringdown tests, and searches for near-horizon structures with gravitational-wave echoes.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phIn: Bambi, C., Katsanevas, S., Kokkotas, …·69 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.