Wed·May 5, 2021Wednesday·May 5, 2021

1. 01*

   Probing composite Higgs boson substructure at the HL-LHC

   Avik Banerjee🇸🇪 · Sayan Dasgupta🇮🇳 · Tirtha Sankar Ray🇮🇳

   The Higgs boson may well be a composite scalar with a finite extension in space. Owing to the momentum dependence of its couplings the imprints of such a composite pseudo Goldstone Higgs may show up in the tails of various kinematic distributions at the LHC, distinguishing it from an elementary state. From the bottom up we construct the momentum dependent form factors to capture the interactions of the composite Higgs with the weak gauge bosons. We demonstrate their impact in the differential distributions of various kinematic parameters for the $pp\to Z^{\ast }H\to l^{+}{l}^{-}b\bar{b}$ channel. We show that this channel can provide an important handle to probe the Higgs' substructure at the HL-LHC.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2021)·21 citations
2. 02*

   Jets and Photons Spectroscopy of Higgs-ALP Interactions

   Alexandre Alves🇧🇷 · A. G. Dias🇧🇷 · D. D. Lopes🇧🇷

   Axion-like particles (ALPs) and Higgs bosons can interact in scalar sectors beyond the Standard Model, leading the Higgs boson to decay into pairs of gluons and photons through the ALP interaction and giving rise to resonances in the decay products of the process $h\to aa\to gg+\gamma \gamma$, resembling a spectral lines analysis. We explore this signature to constrain an ALP effective field theory formulation and show that the forthcoming runs of the LHC will be capable to probe the ALP-Higgs interaction in the ALP mass range from 0.5 to 60 GeV using an automatized search strategy that adapts to different ALP masses in inclusive jets plus photons final states. Such interaction can also be tested in mass regions where the two and four-photon search channels are currently ineffective.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2021)·6 citations
3. 03*

   Ultraviolet-Infrared Bounds and Minimum Coupling in Effective Field Theories

   Hooman Davoudiasl🇺🇸

   We provide a simple new argument for a lower bound on the coupling of a $U(1)$ gauge interaction in an effective field theory (EFT), originally obtained from the Weak Gravity Conjecture. Our argument employs basic principles of quantum mechanical energy-time uncertainty and Lorentz invariance, plus Bekenstein's entropy bound on the ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) scales of an EFT. We show that using an alternative UV-IR relation based on the Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson (CKN) bound results in a stronger lower bound on the $U(1)$ coupling, consistent with the more stringent nature of the CKN relation. Applicability of our reasoning to other interactions is briefly discussed. We also slightly extend the CKN bound, by accounting for the effective degrees of freedom, and examine some of its phenomenological implications.

   hep-phhep-thPRD(2022)·6 citations
4. 04*

   An $X(3872)$-like peak in $B\to (J/\psi {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-})K\pi$ due to triangle singularity

   Satoshi X. Nakamura (University of Science and Technology of China)🇨🇳

   Triangle mechanisms for $B^0\to (J/\psi {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-})K^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ are studied. Experimentally, an $X(3872)$ peak has been observed in this process. When the final $(J/\psi {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-})\pi$ invariant mass is around the $D^{\ast }{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ threshold, one of the triangle mechanisms causes a triangle singularity and generates a sharp $X(3872)$-like peak in the $J/\psi {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ invariant mass distribution. The Breit-Wigner mass and width fitted to the spectrum are 3871.68 MeV (a few keV above the $D^{\ast 0}{\bar{D}}^0$ threshold) and $\sim$0.4 MeV, respectively.These Breit-Wigner parameters hardly depends on a choice of the model parameters. Comparing with the precisely measured $X(3872)$ mass and width, $3871.69\pm 0.17$ MeV and $<1.2$ MeV, the agreement is remarkable. When studying the $X(3872)$ signal from this process, this non-resonant contribution has to be understood in advance. We also study a charge analogous process $B^0\to (J/\psi {\pi }^0{\pi }^{-})K^{+}{\pi }^0$. A similar triangle singularity exists and generates an $X^{-}(3876)$-like peak.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thFew Body Syst.(2021)·0 citations
5. 05*

   The color dipole model bounds with the gluon-gluon recombination correction

   G.R.Boroun🇮🇷 · B.Rezaei🇮🇷

   We present nonlinear (NL) and higher twist (HT) corrections to the color dipole model (CDM) bounds at low values of $x$ and $Q^2$ using the parameterization method. Consistency between the bounds at this region describe that a transition from the linear to the nonlinear behavior is dependence on the behavior of the gluon distribution function. The parameters in the color dipole model are comparable with the color dipole bounds at low values of $Q^2$. Consequently, the obtained reduced cross sections at low and moderate $Q^2$ values due to the NL+HT effects show a good agreement with the H1 data.

   hep-phPRC(2021)·12 citations
6. 06*

   Fighting off field dependence in MSSM Higgs-mass corrections of order ${\alpha }_t{\alpha }_s$ and ${\alpha }_t^2$

   Florian Domingo🇩🇪 · Sebastian Paßehr🇩🇪

   The connection between gauge and Higgs sectors makes supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model predictive frameworks for the derivation of Higgs masses. In this paper, we study the contamination of such predictions by field-renormalization constants, in the MSSM with two-loop gaugeless corrections of $\mathcal{O}\left({\alpha }_{t,b}{\alpha }_s,{\alpha }_{t,b}^2\right)$ and full momentum dependence, and demonstrate how strict perturbative expansions allow to systematically neutralize the dependence on such unphysical objects. On the other hand, the popular procedure consisting in an iterative pole search remains explicitly dependent on field counterterms. We then analyze the magnitude of the intrinsic uncertainty that this feature implies for the iterative method, both in non-degenerate and near-degenerate regimes, and conclude that this strategy does not improve on the predictions of the more straightforward expansion. We also discuss several features related to the inclusion of the orders ${\alpha }_{t,b}{\alpha }_s$ and ${\alpha }_{t,b}^2$ in the so-called 'fixed-order' approach, such as the resummation of UV-logarithms for heavy supersymmetric spectra.

   hep-phEPJC(2021)·11 citations
7. 07*

   Thermomagnetic renormalons in a scalar self-interacting $\lambda {\varphi }^4$ theory

   M. Loewe🇨🇱 · L. Monje🇨🇱 · R. Zamora🇨🇱

   In this article we extend a previous discussion about the influence of an external magnetic field on renormalons in a self interacting scalar theory by including now temperature effects, in the imaginary formalism, together with an external weak external magnetic field. We show that the location of poles in the Borel plane does not change, getting their residues, however, a dependence on temperature and on the magnetic field.The effects of temperature and the magnetic field strength on the residues turn out to be opposite. We present a detailed discussion about the evolution of these residues, showing technical details involved in the calculation.

   hep-phhep-thPRD(2021)·8 citations
8. 08*

   Dirac CP phases in a 3+1 neutrino scenario with $\mu -\tau$ symmetry

   Eduardo Becerra-García🇲🇽 · Abdel Pérez-Lorenzana🇲🇽

   A sterile neutrino in the $3+1$ scheme, where the sterile accounts for neutrino anomalies not explained solely by the weak active neutrinos, arises as a natural source for the breaking of the $\mu -\tau$ symmetry suggested by oscillation neutrino data. We explore the predictions for the Dirac CP phases in this scenario, with and without sterile neutrino decay, and show that current limits on ${\delta }_{CP}$ suggest a normal hierarchy and a lightest neutrino scale below 0.1~eV as the most plausible explanation for that, when Majorana phases are null. Other Dirac phases turn out to be non zero as well.

   hep-phEPJC(2021)·1 citation
9. 09*

   Low-energy probes of small CMB amplitude in models of radiative Higgs mechanism

   Sunghoon Jung🇰🇷 · Kiyoharu Kawana🇰🇷

   The small CMB amplitude $A_s\simeq 10^{-9}$ (or, small temperature fluctuation $\delta T/T\simeq 10^{-5}$) typically requires an unnaturally small effective coupling of an inflaton ${\lambda }_{\varphi }\sim 10^{-14}$. In successful models, there usually is extra suppression of the amplitude, e.g. by large-field inflaton with non-minimal coupling $\xi$, so that ${\lambda }_{\varphi }$ can be much larger. But ${\lambda }_{\varphi }$ and $\xi$ cannot be $\sim \mathcal{O}(1)$ simultaneously; the naturalness burden is shared between them. We show that the absence of new physics signals at TeV scale may prefer a more natural size of $\xi \lesssim \mathcal{O}(1-100)$ with ${\lambda }_{\varphi }\lesssim \mathcal{O}(10^{-4}-10^{-8})$, constraining larger $\xi$ with larger ${\lambda }_{\varphi }$ more strongly. This intriguing connection between low- and high-energy physics is made in the scenarios with $U(1{)}_X$ where inflaton's renormalization running also induces Coleman-Weinberg mechanism for the electroweak symmetry breaking. We particularly work out the prospects of LHC 13 and 100 TeV $pp$ colliders for probing the parameter space of the small CMB amplitude.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPTEP(2022)·4 citations
10. 10*

    The domain of thermal dark matter candidates

    Rupert Coy🇧🇪 · Thomas Hambye🇧🇪 · Michel H.G. Tytgat🇧🇪 · Laurent Vanderheyden🇧🇪

    We consider, in general terms, the possible parameter space of thermal dark matter candidates. We assume that the dark matter particle is fundamental and was in thermal equilibrium in a hidden sector with a temperature $T^{\prime }$, which may differ from that of the Standard Model temperature, $T$. The candidates lie in a region in the $T^{\prime }/T$ vs. $m_{\mathrm{dm}}$ plane, which is bounded by both model-independent theoretical considerations and observational constraints. The former consists of limits from dark matter candidates that decoupled when relativistic (the relativistic floor) and from those that decoupled when non-relativistic with the largest annihilation cross section allowed by unitarity (the unitarity wall), while the latter concerns big bang nucleosynthesis ($N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ ceiling) and free streaming. We present three simplified dark matter scenarios, demonstrating concretely how each fits into the domain.

    hep-phPRD(2021)·23 citations
11. 11*

    Effects of coalescence and isospin symmetry on the freezeout of light nuclei and their anti-particles

    M. Waqas🇨🇳 · G. X. Peng🇨🇳 · Fu-Hu Liu🇨🇳 · Z. Wazir🇵🇰

    The transverse momentum spectra of light nuclei (deuteron, triton and helion) produced in various centrality intervals in Gold-Gold (Au-Au), Lead-Lead (Pb-Pb) and proton-Lead (p-Pb) collisions, as well as in inelastic (INEL) proton-proton (pp) collisions are analyzed by the blast wave model with Boltzmann Gibbs statistics. The model results are nearly in agreement with the experimental data measured by STAR and ALICE Collaborations in special transverse momentum ranges. We extracted the bulk properties in terms of kinetic freezeout temperature, transverse flow velocity and freezeout volume. It is observed that deuteron and anti-deuteron freezeout later than triton and helion as well as their anti-particles due to its smaller mass, while helion and triton, and anti-helion and anti-triton freezeout at the same time due to isospin symmetry at higher energies. It is also observed that light nuclei freezeout earlier than their anti-nuclei due to the large coalescence of nucleons for light nuclei compared to their anti-nuclei. The kinetic freezeout temperature, transverse flow velocity and kinetic freezeout volume decrease from central to peripheral collisions. Furthermore, the transverse flow velocity depends on mass of the particle which decreases with increasing the mass of the particle.

    hep-phSci.Rep.(2021)·32 citations
12. 12*

    Baryogenesis from Hierarchical Dirac Neutrinos

    Shao-Ping Li🇨🇳 · Xin-Qiang Li🇨🇳 · Xin-Shuai Yan🇨🇳 · Ya-Dong Yang🇨🇳

    We present here a novel and testable mechanism for leptogenesis, which is characterized by a purely thermal generation of lepton asymmetry via scalar decay. Guided by the thermal mass matrix diagonalization in the finite-temperature regime, we propose a scenario in which the baryon asymmetry is formulated in terms of the masses and mixing from hierarchical Dirac neutrinos, as well as a vacuum scale accountable for the sub-eV neutrino masses. This allows a natural and direct link between the high-scale \textit{CP} asymmetry and the low-energy Dirac \textit{CP}-violating phase without involved model structures, and thus circumvents the haunting problem encountered in general leptogenesis scenarios. The mechanism can also be applied as a prototype for solving the baryon asymmetry problem to a broad class of well-motivated model buildings.

    hep-phPRD(2021)·11 citations
13. 13*

    Axion Dark Matter: What is it and Why Now?

    Francesca Chadha-Day🇬🇧 · John Ellis🇬🇧 · David J. E. Marsh🇬🇧

    The axion has emerged in recent years as a leading particle candidate to provide the mysterious dark matter in the cosmos, as we review here for a general scientific audience. We describe first the historical roots of the axion in the Standard Model of particle physics and the problem of charge-parity invariance of the strong nuclear force. We then discuss how the axion emerges as a dark matter candidate, and how it is produced in the early Universe. The symmetry properties of the axion dictate the form of its interactions with ordinary matter. Astrophysical considerations restrict the particle mass and interaction strengths to a limited range, which facilitates the planning of experiments to detect the axion. A companion review discusses the exciting prospect that the axion could {indeed} be detected in the near term in the laboratory.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-exSci.Adv.(2022)·287 citations
14. 14*

    The Diffractive Contribution to Deep Inelastic Lepton-Proton Scattering: Implications for QCD Momentum Sum Rules and Parton Distributions

    Stanley J. Brodsky🇺🇸 · Valery E. Lyubovitskij🇩🇪 · Ivan Schmidt🇨🇱

    The cross section for deep inelastic lepton-proton scattering (DIS) $\ell p\to {\ell }^{\prime }X$ includes a diffractive deep inelastic (DDIS) contribution $\ell p\to {\ell }^{\prime }{p}^{\prime }X$, in which the proton remains intact with a large longitudinal momentum fraction $x_F$ greater than 0.9 and small transverse momentum. The DDIS events, which can be identified with Pomeron exchange in the $t$-channel, account for approximately $10\%$ of all of the DIS events. Thus, when one measures DIS, one automatically includes the leading-twist Bjorken-scaling DDIS events as a contribution to the DIS cross section, whether or not the final-state proton $p^{\prime }$ is detected. In such events, the missing momentum fraction $x_{p^{\prime }}\sim 0.9$ carried by the final-state proton $p^{\prime }$ in the DDIS events could be misidentified with the light-front momentum fraction carried by sea quarks or gluons in the protons' Fock structure. As we shall show in this article, the underlying QCD Pomeron-exchange amplitude which produces the DDIS events does not obey the operator product expansion nor satisfy momentum sum rules. Thus we conclude that the quark and gluon distributions measured in DIS experiments will be misidentified, unless the measurements explicitly exclude the DDIS events and that a correct determination of the parton distribution functions (PDFs) derived from the DIS data requires the explicit subtraction of the DDIS contribution from the full DIS cross section.

    hep-phPLB(2022)·6 citations
15. 15*

    $\nu$ Electroweak Baryogenesis

    S. Rosauro-Alcaraz🇪🇸

    We investigate if the CP violation necessary for successful electroweak baryogenesis may be sourced by the neutrino Yukawa couplings. In particular, we consider an electroweak scale Seesaw realisation with sizeable Yukawas where the new neutrino singlets form (pseudo)-Dirac pairs. We find that flavour effects critically impact the final asymmetry obtained and that, taking them into account, the observed value may be obtained in some regions of the parameter space. This source of CP violation naturally avoids the strong constraints from electric dipole moments and links the origin of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe with the mechanism underlying neutrino masses. Interestingly, the mixing of the active and heavy neutrinos needs to be sizeable and could be probed at the LHC or future collider experiments.

    hep-ph0 citations
16. 16*

    2-zeroes texture and the Universal Texture Constraint

    S. Gómez-Ávila🇲🇽 · L. López-Lozano🇲🇽 · Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli🇲🇽 · R. Noriega-Papaqui🇲🇽 · Pedro Lagos-Eulogio🇲🇽

    Texture matrices are a way of mitigating the redundancy inherent in the description of flavor physics via Yukawa couplings by eliminating some entries in order to identify relevant parameters. A four-zero texture scheme has been used in the literature to successfully describe fermion masses and mixing. However, as we show in this work, improving experimental constraints require an update to this analysis. In this paper the implications of a 2-zero texture mass matrix is studied for quarks and leptons. We show that the introduction of a new parameter in each mass matrix allow us to reach good results with relative low cost in predictability. We report a numerical study using a hybridized nature-inspired/cellular automata search algorithm. We find that leptons and quarks can be described by the same 1-zero structure. We describe some scenarios where a simplified description can be achieved, including a narrow region in parameter space where the same values describe charged leptons and neutrinos, which is a stronger version of a previously proposed Universal Texture Constraint.

    hep-ph2 citations
17. 17*

    Reduction of order, resummation and radiation reaction

    Robin Ekman🇬🇧 · Tom Heinzl🇬🇧 · Anton Ilderton🇬🇧

    The Landau-Lifshitz equation is the first in an infinite series of approximations to the Lorentz-Abraham-Dirac equation obtained from `reduction of order'. We show that this series is divergent, predicting wildly different dynamics at successive perturbative orders. Iterating reduction of order ad infinitum in a constant crossed field, we obtain an equation of motion which is free of the erratic behaviour of perturbation theory. We show that Borel-Padé resummation of the divergent series accurately reproduces the dynamics of this equation, using as little as two perturbative coefficients. Comparing with the Lorentz-Abraham-Dirac equation, our results show that for large times the optimal order of truncation typically amounts to using the Landau-Lifshitz equation, but that this fails to capture the resummed dynamics over short times.

    hep-phphysics.plasm-phPRD(2021)·20 citations
18. 18*

    A dispersive estimate of scalar contributions to hadronic light-by-light scattering

    Igor Danilkin🇩🇪 · Martin Hoferichter🇨🇭 · Peter Stoffer🇺🇸

    We consider the contribution of scalar resonances to hadronic light-by-light scattering in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. While the $f_0(500)$ has already been addressed in previous work using dispersion relations, heavier scalar resonances have only been estimated in hadronic models so far. Here, we compare an implementation of the $f_0(980)$ resonance in terms of the coupled-channel $S$-waves for ${\gamma }^{\ast }{\gamma }^{\ast }\to \pi \pi /\bar{K}K$ to a narrow-width approximation, which indicates $a_{\mu }^{\text{HLbL}}[f_0(980)]=-0.2(2)\times 10^{-11}$. With a similar estimate for the $a_0(980)$, the combined effect is thus well below $1\times 10^{-11}$ in absolute value. We also estimate the contribution of heavier scalar resonances. In view of the very uncertain situation concerning their two-photon couplings we suggest to treat them together with other resonances of similar mass when imposing the matching to short-distance constraints. Our final result is a refined estimate of the $S$-wave rescattering effects in the $\pi \pi$ and $\bar{K}K$ channel up to about $1.3$ GeV and including a narrow-width evaluation of the $a_0(980)$: $a_{\mu }^{\text{HLbL}}[\text{scalars}]=-9(1)\times 10^{-11}$.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-thPLB(2021)·106 citations
19. 19*

    The ANITA Anomalous Events and Axion Quark Nuggets

    Xunyu Liang🇨🇦 · Ariel Zhitnitsky🇨🇦

    The Antarctic Impulse Transient Antenna (\textsc{ANITA}) collaboration [1-3] has reported two anomalous events with noninverted polarity. These events are hard to explain in terms of conventional cosmic rays (CRs). We explore a new possible explanation for these anomalous events by suggesting that these events can be related to the dark matter (DM) annihilations within the so-called axion quark nugget (AQN) DM model. This model was initially invented for a completely different purpose to explain the observed similarity between the dark and the visible components in the Universe, i.e. ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{DM}}\sim {\Omega }_{\mathrm{visible}}$ without any fitting parameters. We investigate the signal properties of the upward-going AQN events, including the event rate, the pulse duration, and the electric field strength, and find them consistent with the observations. We list several features of the upward-going AQN events distinct from conventional CR air showers. The observations (or nonobservation) of these features may substantiate (or refute) our proposal.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEastro-ph.IMPRD(2022)·24 citations
20. 20*

    A Parameter Space Exploration of the Minimal SU(5) Unification

    Ilja Doršner🇭🇷 · Emina Džaferović-Mašić🇭🇷 · Shaikh Saad🇨🇭

    We present phenomenological study of the most minimal realistic $SU(5)$ model that owns its predictivity solely to the gauge symmetry and the representational content. The model is built entirely out of the fields residing in the first five lowest dimensional representations that transform non-trivially under the $SU(5)$ gauge group. It has eighteen real parameters and fourteen phases, all in all, to address experimental observables of the Standard Model fermions and accomplishes that via simultaneous use of three different mass generation mechanisms. Furthermore, it inextricably links the origin of the neutrino mass to the experimentally observed difference between the down-type quark and charged lepton masses. The main predictions of the model are that $(i)$ the neutrinos are Majorana particles, $(ii)$ one neutrino is massless, $(iii)$ the neutrinos have normal mass ordering, and $(iv)$ there are four new scalar multiplets at or below a $120$ TeV mass scale. A one-loop analysis demonstrates that an improvement of the current $p\to {\pi }^0{e}^{+}$ partial lifetime limit by a factor of $2$, $15$, and $96$ would require these four scalar multiplets to reside at or below the $100$ TeV, $10$ TeV, and $1$ TeV mass scales, respectively.

    hep-phPRD(2021)·21 citations
21. 21*

    Dirac-Born-Infeld warm inflation realization in the strong dissipation regime

    Meysam Motaharfar🇺🇸 · Rudnei O. Ramos🇧🇷

    We consider warm inflation with a Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) kinetic term in which both the nonequilibrium dissipative particle production and the sound speed parameter slow the motion of the inflaton field. We find that a low sound speed parameter removes, or at least strongly suppresses, the growing function appearing in the scalar of curvature power spectrum of warm inflation, which appears due to the temperature dependence in the dissipation coefficient. As a consequence of that, a low sound speed helps to push warm inflation into the strong dissipation regime, which is an attractive regime from a model building and phenomenological perspective. In turn, the strong dissipation regime of warm inflation softens the microscopic theoretical constraints on cold DBI inflation. The present findings, along with the recent results from swampland criteria, give a strong hint that warm inflation may consistently be embedded into string theory.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2021)·18 citations
22. 22*

    Global 21cm Absorption Signal from Superconducting Cosmic Strings

    Roxane Thériault🇨🇦 · Jordan T. Mirocha🇨🇦 · Robert Brandenberger🇨🇦

    Superconducting cosmic strings emit electromagnetic waves between the times of recombination and reionization. Hence, they have an effect on the global 21cm signal. We compute the resulting absorption features, focusing on strings with critical current, study their dependence on the string tension $\mu$, and compare with observational results. For string tensions in the range of $G\mu =10^{-10}$, where $G$ is Newton's gravitational constant, there is an interesting amplification of the two characteristic absorption features, one during the cosmic dawn, $z\lesssim 30$, and the other during the cosmic dark age, $z\sim 80$, the former being comparable in amplitude to what was observed by the EDGES experiment.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thJCAP(2021)·19 citations
23. 23*

    Crystals of gauged solitons, force free plasma and resurgence

    Gonzalo Barriga🇨🇱 · Fabrizio Canfora🇨🇱 · Matías Torres🇨🇱 · Aldo Vera🇨🇱

    We show that the (3+1)-dimensional gauged non-linear sigma model minimally coupled to a U(1) gauge field possesses analytic solutions representing gauged solitons at finite Baryon density whose electromagnetic field is a Force Free Plasma. These gauged solitons manifest a crystalline structure and generate in a very natural way persistent currents able to support Force Free Plasma electromagnetic fields. The trajectories of charged test particles moving within these configurations can be characterized. Quite surprisingly, despite the non-integrable nature of the theory, some of the perturbations of these gauged solitons allow to identify a proper resurgent parameter. In particular, the perturbations of the solitons profile are related to the Lamé operator. On the other hand, the electromagnetic perturbations on the configurations satisfy a two-dimensional effective Schrodinger equation, where the soliton background interacts with the electromagnetic perturbations through an effective two-dimensional periodic potential. We studied numerically the band energy spectrum for different values of the free parameters of the theory and we found that bands-gaps are modulated by the potential strength. Finally we compare our crystal solutions with those of the (1+1)- dimesional Gross-Neveu model.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.HEhep-phnucl-thPRD(2021)·10 citations
24. 24*

    Search for sub-eV axion-like resonance states via stimulated quasi-parallel laser collisions with the parameterization including fully asymmetric collisional geometry

    Kensuke Homma🇯🇵 · Yuri Kirita🇯🇵 · Masaki Hashida🇯🇵 · Yusuke Hirahara🇯🇵 · Shunsuke Inoue🇯🇵 · Fumiya Ishibashi🇯🇵 · Yoshihide Nakamiya🇯🇵 · Liviu Neagu🇷🇴 · Akihide Nobuhiro🇯🇵 · Takaya Ozaki🇯🇵 · Madalin-Mihai Rosu🇷🇴 · Shuji Sakabe🇯🇵 · Ovidiu Tesileanu (SAPPHIRES collaboration)🇷🇴

    We have searched for axion-like resonance states by colliding optical photons in a focused laser field (creation beam) by adding another laser field (inducing beam) for stimulation of the resonance decays, where frequency-converted signal photons can be created as a result of stimulated photon-photon scattering via exchanges of axion-like resonances. A quasi-parallel collision system (QPS) in such a focused field allows access to the sub-eV mass range of resonance particles. In past searches in QPS, for simplicity, we interpreted the scattering rate based on an analytically calculable symmetric collision geometry in both incident angles and incident energies by partially implementing the asymmetric nature to meet the actual experimental conditions. In this paper, we present new search results based on a complete parameterization including fully asymmetric collisional geometries. In particular, we combined a linearly polarized creation laser and a circularly polarized inducing laser to match the new parameterization. A 0.10 mJ / 31 fs Ti:sapphire laser pulse and a 0.20 mJ / 9 ns Nd:YAG laser pulse were spatiotemporally synchronized by sharing a common optical axis and focused into the vacuum system. Under a condition in which atomic background processes were completely negligible, no significant scattering signal was observed at the vacuum pressure of $2.6\times 10^{-5}$ Pa, thereby providing upper bounds on the coupling-mass relation by assuming exchanges of scalar and pseudoscalar fields at a 95 % confidence level in the sub-eV mass range.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phJHEP(2021)·26 citations
25. 25*

    Gravitational Positivity Bounds on Scalar Potentials

    Toshifumi Noumi🇯🇵 · Junsei Tokuda🇯🇵

    We derive constraints on scalar field theories coupled to gravity by using recently developed positivity bounds in the presence of gravity. It is found that a canonically-normalized real scalar cannot have an arbitrarily flat potential unless some new physics enters well below the Planck scale. An upper bound on the scale of new physics is determined by loop corrections to the self-energy. Our result provides a swampland condition for scalar potentials.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2021)·40 citations
26. 26*

    Finite temperature $0^{-+}$ glueball spectrum from non-susy D3 brane of Type IIB string theory

    Kuntal Nayek🇮🇳 · Shibaji Roy🇮🇳

    Here, we calculate the pseudo-scalar glueball mass at finite temperature from the holographic QCD in $3+1$ dimensions. The decoupled geometry of the non-supersymmetric (non-susy) D$3$ brane at the finite temperature which is the solution of the type-II supergravity is considered as the dual theory of QCD. We calculate the mass spectrum from the axion fluctuation in this gravity background using WKB approximations. Approximating the WKB equation for various orders of mass, we derive the analytical expressions of the mass spectrum of $0^{-+}$ at the finite temperature. Finally we evaluate the masses numerically as $m_{-+}=2.5$GeV and $m_{-+}^{\ast }=3.8$GeV from the complete WKB equation. The mass of a given state is found to decrease with increasing temperature and becomes zero at confinement -deconfinement transition temperature which is consistent with the idea of deconfinement and also matches with some recent lattice results. From this temperature variation, the QCD transition point is found to be about $186$MeV.

    ↳ hep-thhep-lathep-phPLB(2022)·2 citations
27. 27*

    Black hole remnants are not too fast to be dark matter

    Benjamin V. Lehmann🇺🇸 · Stefano Profumo🇺🇸

    We comment on recent claims that recoil in the final stages of Hawking evaporation gives black hole remnants large velocities, rendering them inviable as a dark matter candidate. We point out that due to cosmic expansion, such large velocities at the final stages of evaporation are not in tension with the cold dark matter paradigm so long as they are attained at sufficiently early times. In particular, the predicted recoil velocities are robustly compatible with observations if the remnants form before the epoch of big bang nucleosynthesis, a requirement which is already imposed by the physics of nucleosynthesis itself.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phPhys.Dark Univ.(2023)·17 citations
28. 28*

    Searches for supersymmetry in CMS

    Uttiya Sarkar (for the CMS Collaboration)🇮🇳

    The results from the CMS search for supersymmetric particles based on Run-2 data recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV are summarized. Strong and weak production of SUSY scenarios are considered. Results presented include the searches for squarks and gluinos, direct production of charginos, neutralinos, and sleptons. These searches involve final state objects comprising jets, missing transverse momentum, electrons or muons, taus or photons, as well as long-lived particles. The data in these searches are found to be consistent with standard model predictions and no significant excess is observed. Upper limits have been set on the masses of supersymmetric particles from a variety of search channels.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2022)·6 citations
29. 29*

    The Hubble Constant in the Axi-Higgs Universe

    Leo WH Fung🇨🇳 · Lingfeng Li🇨🇳 · Tao Liu🇨🇳 · Hoang Nhan Luu🇨🇳 · Yu-Cheng Qiu🇨🇳 · S.-H. Henry Tye🇨🇳

    The $\Lambda$CDM model provides an excellent fit to the CMB data. However, a statistically significant tension emerges when its determination of the Hubble constant $H_0$ is compared to the local distance-redshift measurements. The axi-Higgs model, which couples an ultralight axion to the Higgs field, offers a specific variation of the $\Lambda$CDM model. It relaxes the $H_0$ tension as well as explains the ${}^7$Li puzzle in Big-Bang nucleosynthesis, the clustering $S_8$ tension with the weak-lensing data, and the observed isotropic cosmic birefringence in CMB. In this paper, we demonstrate how the $H_0$ and $S_8$ tensions can be relaxed simultaneously, by correlating the axion impacts on the early and late universe. In a benchmark scenario ($m=2\times 10^{-30}$ eV) selected for experimental tests soon, the analysis combining the CMB+BAO+WL+SN data yields $H_0=69.9\pm 1.5$ km/s/Mpc and $S_8=0.8045\pm 0.0096$. Combining this (excluding the SN (supernovae) part) with the local distance-redshift measurements yields $H_0=72.42\pm 0.76$ km/s/Mpc, while $S_8$ is slightly more suppressed.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAhep-phhep-thPRResearch(2023)·27 citations
30. 30*

    The impact of nuclear deformation on relativistic heavy-ion collisions: assessing consistency in nuclear physics across energy scales

    Giuliano Giacalone🇩🇪 · Jiangyong Jia🇺🇸 · Chunjian Zhang🇺🇸

    In the hydrodynamic framework of heavy-ion collisions, elliptic flow, $v_2$, is sensitive to the quadrupole deformation, $\beta$, of the colliding ions. This enables one to test whether the established knowledge on the low-energy structure of nuclei is consistent with collider data from high-energy experiments. We derive a formula based on generic scaling laws of hydrodynamics to relate the difference in $v_2$ measured between collision systems that are close in size to the value of $\beta$ of the respective species. We validate our formula in simulations of 238U+238U and 197Au+197Au collisions at top Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) energy, and subsequently apply it to experimental data. Using the deformation of 238U from low-energy experiments, we find that RHIC $v_2$ data implies $0.16\lesssim |\beta |\lesssim 0.20$ for 197Au nuclei, i.e., significantly more deformed than reported in the literature, posing an interesting puzzle in nuclear phenomenology.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPRL(2021)·124 citations
31. 31*

    Non-Gaussianity and the induced gravitational wave background

    Peter Adshead🇺🇸 · Kaloian D. Lozanov🇺🇸 · Zachary J. Weiner🇺🇸

    Scalar metric fluctuations generically source a spectrum of gravitational waves at second order in perturbation theory, poising gravitational wave experiments as potentially powerful probes of the small-scale curvature power spectrum. We perform a detailed study of the imprint of primordial non-Gaussianity on these induced gravitational waves, emphasizing the role of both the disconnected and connected components of the primoridal trispectrum. Specializing to local-type non-Gaussianity, we numerically compute all contributions and present results for a variety of enhanced primordial curvature power spectra.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJCAP(2021)·179 citations
32. 32*

    Quantum baryon number fluctuations in subsystems of a hot and dense relativistic gas of fermions

    Arpan Das🇵🇱 · Wojciech Florkowski🇵🇱 · Radoslaw Ryblewski🇵🇱 · Rajeev Singh🇵🇱

    Quantum features of the baryon number fluctuations in subsystems of a hot and dense relativistic gas of fermions are analyzed. We find that the fluctuations in small systems are significantly increased compared to their values known from the statistical physics, and diverge in the limit where the system size goes to zero. The numerical results obtained for a broad range of the thermodynamic parameters expected in heavy-ion collisions are presented. They can be helpful to interpret and shed new light on the experimental data.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phhep-thActa Phys.Polon.B(2022)·12 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.