Fri·Dec 25, 2020Friday·December 25, 2020

1. 01*

   ARGES -- Advanced Renormalisation Group Equation Simplifier

   Daniel F. Litim🇬🇧 · Tom Steudtner🇬🇧

   We present the initial release of ARGES, a toolkit for obtaining renormalisation group equations in perturbation theory. As such, ARGES can handle any perturbatively renormalisable four-dimensional quantum field theory. Notable further features include a symbolic rather than numeric computation, input of unconventional scalar and Yukawa sectors, an interactive evaluation and disentanglement as well as capabilities to inject algebraic simplification rules. We provide a conceptual and practical introduction into ARGES, and highlight similarities and differences with complementary packages.

   hep-phComput.Phys.Commun.(2021)·27 citations
2. 02*

   Complete analytical solution to the quantum Yukawa potential

   M. Napsuciale🇲🇽 · S. Rodriguez🇲🇽

   We present a complete analytical solution to the quantum problem of a particle in the Yukawa potential, using supersymmetry and a systematic expansion of the corresponding super-potentials. Results for the critical screening of the ground state improve in several figures existing results based on both numerical solutions and approximation methods. Our calculation to order $(a_0/D{)}^2$ for the squared ground state wavefunction at the origin, which enter in darkonium transitions, yields a correction of ${\pi }^4/216$ to results based on variational techniques.

   hep-phPLB(2021)·23 citations
3. 03*

   Search for $Z^{\prime }$ pair production from scalar boson decay in minimal $U(1{)}_{L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }}$ model at the LHC

   Takaaki Nomura🇨🇳 · Takashi Shimomura🇯🇵

   We consider a model with gauged $L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }$ symmetry in which the symmetry is spontaneously broken by a scalar field. The decay of the scalar boson into two new gauge bosons is studied as a direct consequence of the spontaneous symmetry breaking. Then, a possibility of searches for the gauge and scalar bosons through such a decay at the LHC experiment is discussed. We consider the case that the mass range of the gauge boson is $\mathcal{O}(10)$ GeV, which is motivated by anomalies reported by LHCb. We will show that the signal significance of the searches for the gauge boson and scalar boson reach to $3$ and $5$ for the scalar mixing $0.012$ and $0.015$, respectively.

   hep-phEPJC(2021)·13 citations
4. 04*

   Comments on Axions, Domain Walls, and Cosmic Strings

   Michael Dine🇺🇸 · Nicolas Fernandez🇺🇸 · Akshay Ghalsasi🇺🇸 · Hiren H. Patel🇺🇸

   Axions have for some time been considered a plausible candidate for dark matter. They can be produced through misalignment, but it has been argued that when inflation occurs before a Peccei-Quinn transition, appreciable production can result from cosmic strings. This has been the subject of extensive simulations. But there are reasons to be skeptical about the possible role of axion strings. We review and elaborate on these questions, and argue that parametrically strings are already accounted for by the assumption of random misalignment angles. We review and elaborate on these questions, and provide several qualitative arguments that parametrically strings are already accounted for by the assumption of random misalignment angles. The arguments are base on considerations of the collective modes of the string solutions, on computations of axion radiation in particular models, and reviews of simulations.

   hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2021)·53 citations
5. 05*

   Relativistic Coulomb S-factor of Two Spinor Particles with Arbitrary Masses

   Yu.D. Chernichenko🇧🇾 · L.P. Kaptari🇷🇺 · O. P. Solovtsova🇧🇾

   A new resummation of the $S$-factor of a composite system of two relativistic spin-1/2 particles of arbitrary masses interacting via a Coulomb-like chromodynamical potential is presented. The analysis is performed in the framework of a relativistic quasipotential approach based on the Hamiltonian formulation of the covariant quantum field theory in the relativistic configuration representation. The pseudoscalar, vector, and pseudovector systems are considered and the behaviour of the $S$-factor near the threshold and in the relativistic limit is investigated in detail. The spin dependence of the $S$-factors is discussed as well. It is argued that at the threshold the contribution of spins significantly reduces the Sommerfeld effect, while at ultrarelativistic velocities their role diminishes and the $S$-factor becomes basically the same as for the spinless systems. A connection between the new and previously obtained S-factors for spinless particles of arbitrary masses and for relativistic spinor particles of equal masses is established.

   hep-phnucl-thEur.Phys.J.Plus(2021)·3 citations
6. 06*

   Effects of New Heavy Fermions on Complex Scalar Dark Matter Phenomenology in Gauged Two Higgs Doublet Model

   Bayu Dirgantara🇹🇭 · Chrisna Setyo Nugroho🇹🇼

   We study the inclusion of new heavy fermions on complex scalar dark matter (DM) phenomenology within gauged two Higgs doublet model (G2HDM). We find that for DM mass above 1 TeV, heavy quarks coannihilations into the Standard Model (SM) quarks and gluons dominate the thermally-averaged cross section relevant for the relic abundance of complex scalar DM. We demonstrate that the effects of QCD Sommerfeld correction as well as QCD bound state formation in determining the DM relic are negligible. We show that the allowed parameter space is significantly constrained by the current PLANCK relic density data as well as XENON1T limit appropriate for DM direct search.

   hep-phEPJC(2022)·9 citations
7. 07*

   What if a specific neutrinoless double beta decay is absent

   Takehiko Asaka🇯🇵 · Hiroyuki Ishida🇯🇵 · Kazuki Tanaka🇯🇵

   We consider the seesaw model with two right-handed neutrinos $N_1$ and $N_2$ which masses are hierarchical, and investigate their contribution to the neutrinoless double beta ($0\nu \beta \beta$) decay. Although the lepton number is broken by the Majorana masses of right-handed neutrinos, such decay processes can be absent in some cases. We present a possibility where the lighter $N_1$ gives a destructive contribution to that of active neutrinos by choosing the specific mixing elements of $N_1$, while $N_2$ is sufficiently heavy not to contribute to the $0\nu \beta \beta$ decay. In this case the mixing elements of $N_1$ in the charged current interaction are determined by its mass and the Majorana phase of active neutrinos. We then study the impacts of such a possibility on the direct search for $N_1$. In addition, we discuss the consequence of the case when the $0\nu \beta \beta$ decay in one specific nucleus is absent.

   hep-phhep-exPTEP(2021)·10 citations
8. 08*

   QCD theory overview

   Krzysztof Kutak🇵🇱

   In this review I am going to present biased by personal experience review of QCD. The review covers topics like Improved Transverse Momentum Dependent Factorization, $k_T$ dependent splitting functions, Transversal Momentum Dependent parton shower, non-Gaussian broadening of jet traversing quark gluon plasma.

   hep-phPoS(2020)·0 citations
9. 09*

   How large is the diffractive contribution to inclusive dijet photoproduction in UPCs at the LHC?

   V. Guzey (St. Petersburg, INP)🇷🇺 · M. Klasen (Munster U., ITP)🇩🇪

   Using next-to-leading order (NLO) perturbative QCD, we calculate the diffractive contribution to inclusive dijet photoproduction in Pb-Pb ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) at the LHC and find that it does not exceed $5-10$% in small-$x_A$ bins in the ATLAS kinematics at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV. Its smallness is a result of the restricted kinematics ($p_{T1}>20$ GeV and $x_A>0.001$), the large nuclear suppression of nuclear diffractive parton distribution functions predicted in the leading twist model of nuclear shadowing, and additional suppression due to QCD factorization breaking in diffraction. At the same time, using looser $p_T$ cuts, e.g., $p_{T1}>10$ GeV and $p_{Ti\ne 1}>5-7$ GeV, we find that $(d{\sigma }_{\mathrm{diff}}/d{x}_A)/(d{\sigma }_{\mathrm{inc}}/d{x}_A)$ can reach $10-20$% at $x\approx 5\times 10^{-4}$. Also, applying our framework to proton-proton UPCs at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=13$ TeV, we find that the ratio of the diffractive and inclusive cross sections of dijet photoproduction $(d{\sigma }_{\mathrm{diff}}/d{x}_p)/(d{\sigma }_{\mathrm{inc}}/d{x}_p)$ is as large as $10-15$% for $x_p\sim 5\times 10^{-4}$. An account of the contribution of Pomeron-Pomeron scattering, which is not included in our analysis, should make this ratio somewhat larger.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exPRD(2021)·13 citations
10. 10*

    Low-Energy Effective Field Theory below the Electroweak Scale: Dimension-8 Operators

    Christopher W. Murphy

    We construct a complete basis of dimension-8 operators in the Low-Energy Effective Field Theory below the Electroweak Scale (LEFT). We find there are 35058 dimension-8 operators in the LEFT for two generations of up-type quarks and three generations of down-type quarks, charged leptons, and left-handed neutrinos. The existence of this operator basis is a necessary prerequisite for matching to the Standard Model Effective Field Theory at the dimension-8 level.

    hep-phJHEP(2021)·43 citations
11. 11*

    Modular Invariant $A_4$ Models for Quarks and Leptons with Generalized CP Symmetry

    Chang-Yuan Yao🇨🇳 · Jun-Nan Lu🇨🇳 · Gui-Jun Ding🇨🇳

    We perform a systematical analysis of the $A_4$ modular models with generalized CP for the masses and flavor mixing of quarks and leptons, and the most general form of the quark and lepton mass matrices is given. The CP invariance requires all couplings real in the chosen basis and thus the vacuum expectation value of the modulus $\tau$ uniquely breaks both the modular symmetry and CP symmetry. The phenomenologically viable models with minimal number of free parameters and the results of fit are presented. We find 20 models with 7 real free parameters that can accommodate the experimental data of lepton sector. We then apply $A_4$ modular symmetry to the quark sector to explain quark masses and CKM mixing matrix, the minimal viable quark model is found to contain 10 free real parameters. Finally, we give two predictive quark-lepton unification models which use only 16 real free parameters to explain the flavor patterns of both quarks and leptons.

    hep-phJHEP(2021)·85 citations
12. 12*

    Higgs Production in Association with a Dark-Z at Future Electron Positron Colliders

    Pierce Giffin🇺🇸 · Ian M. Lewis🇺🇸 · Ya-Juan Zheng🇺🇸

    In recent years there have been many proposals for new electron-positron colliders, such as the Circular Electron-Positron Collider, the International Linear Collider, and the Future Circular Collider in electron-positron mode. Much of the motivation for these colliders is precision measurements of the Higgs boson and searches for new electroweak states. Hence, many of these studies are focused on energies above the $hZ$ threshold. However, there are proposals to run these colliders at the lower $WW$ threshold and $Z$-pole energies. In this paper, we propose a new search for Higgs physics accessible at lower energies: $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to h{Z}_d$, where $Z_d$ is a new light gauge boson such as a dark photon or dark-$Z$. Such searches can be conducted at the $WW$ threshold, i.e. energies below the $hZ$ threshold where exotic Higgs decays can be searched for in earnest. Additionally, due to very good angular and energy resolution at future electron-positron colliders, these searches will be sensitive to $Z_d$ masses below 1 GeV, which is lower than the current direct LHC searches. We will show that at $\sqrt{s}=160$ GeV with 10 ab${}^{-1}$, a search for $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to h{Z}_d$ is sensitive to $h-Z-Z_d$ couplings of $\delta \sim 8\times 10^{-3}$ and cross sections of $\sim 1-2$ ab for $Z_d$ masses below 1 GeV. The results are similar at $\sqrt{s}=240$ GeV with 5 ab${}^{-1}$.

    hep-phJ.Phys.G(2022)·7 citations
13. 13*

    Etching Plastic Searches for Dark Matter

    Amit Bhoonah🇨🇦 · Joseph Bramante🇨🇦 · Brian Courtman🇨🇦 · Ningqiang Song🇨🇦

    Large panels of etched plastic, situated aboard the Skylab Space Station and inside the Ohya quarry near Tokyo, have been used to set limits on fluxes of cosmogenic particles. These plastic particle track detectors also provide the best sensitivity for some heavy dark matter that interacts strongly with nuclei. We revisit prior dark matter bounds from Skylab, and incorporate geometry-dependent thresholds, a halo velocity distribution, and a complete accounting of observed through-going particle fluxes. These considerations reduce the Skylab bound's mass range by a few orders of magnitude. However, a new analysis of Ohya data covers a portion of the prior Skylab bound, and excludes dark matter masses up to the Planck mass. Prospects for future etched plastic dark matter searches are discussed.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2021)·35 citations
14. 14*

    Recipes for Oscillon Longevity

    Jan Olle🇪🇸 · Oriol Pujolas🇪🇸 · Fabrizio Rompineve🇺🇸

    Oscillons are localized states of scalar fields sustained by self interactions. They decay by emitting classical radiation, but their lifetimes are surprisingly large. We revisit the reasons behind their longevity, aiming at how the shape of the scalar potential $V(\varphi )$ determines the lifetime. The corpuscular picture, where the oscillon is identified with a bound state of a large number of field quanta, allows to understand lifetimes of order of $10^3$ cycles in generic potentials. At the non-perturbative level, two properties of the scalar potential can substantially boost the lifetime: the flattening of $V(\varphi )$ and the positivity of $V^{\prime \prime }(\varphi )$. These properties are realized in the axion monodromy family of potentials. Moreover, this class of models connects continuously with an exceptional potential that admits eternal oscillon solutions. We check these results with a new fast-forward numerical method that allows to evolve in time to stages that cannot be otherwise simulated on a computer. The method exploits the attractor properties of the oscillons and fully accounts for nonlinearities. We find lifetimes up to $10^{14}$ cycles, but larger values are possible. Our work shows that oscillons formed in the early Universe can be stable on cosmological time scales and thus contribute to the abundance of (ultra)light scalar dark matter.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJCAP(2021)·39 citations
15. 15*

    P not PQ

    Nathaniel Craig🇺🇸 · Isabel Garcia Garcia🇺🇸 · Giacomo Koszegi🇺🇸 · Amara McCune🇺🇸

    Parity solutions to the strong CP problem are a compelling alternative to approaches based on Peccei-Quinn symmetry, particularly given the expected violation of global symmetries in a theory of quantum gravity. The most natural of these solutions break parity at a low scale, giving rise to a host of experimentally accessible signals. We assess the status of the simplest parity-based solution in light of LHC data and flavor constraints, highlighting the prospects for near-future tests at colliders, tabletop experiments, and gravitational wave observatories. The origin of parity breaking and associated gravitational effects play crucial roles, providing new avenues for discovery through EDMs and gravity waves. These experimental opportunities underline the promise of generalized parity, rather than Peccei-Quinn symmetry, as a robust and testable solution to the strong CP problem.

    hep-phhep-exhep-thJHEP(2021)·65 citations
16. 16*

    Symmetry and Unification from Soft Theorems and Unitarity

    Clifford Cheung🇺🇸 · Zander Moss🇺🇸

    We argue that symmetry and unification can emerge as byproducts of certain physical constraints on dynamical scattering. To accomplish this we parameterize a general Lorentz invariant, four-dimensional theory of massless and massive scalar fields coupled via arbitrary local interactions. Assuming perturbative unitarity and an Adler zero condition, we prove that any finite spectrum of massless and massive modes will necessarily unify at high energies into multiplets of a linearized symmetry. Certain generators of the symmetry algebra can be derived explicitly in terms of the spectrum and three-particle interactions. Furthermore, our assumptions imply that the coset space is symmetric.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2021)·7 citations
17. 17*

    The Wilson-loop $d\log$ representation for Feynman integrals

    Song He🇨🇳 · Zhenjie Li🇨🇳 · Yichao Tang🇨🇳 · Qinglin Yang🇨🇳

    We introduce and study the Wilson-loop $\mathrm{d}\log$ representation of certain Feynman integrals for scattering amplitudes in $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM and beyond, which makes their evaluation completely straightforward. Such a representation was motivated by the dual Wilson loop picture, and it can also be derived by partial Feynman parametrization of loop integrals. We first introduce it for the simplest one-loop examples, the chiral pentagon in four dimensions and the three-mass-easy hexagon in six dimensions, which are represented by two- and three-fold $\mathrm{d}\log$ integrals that are nicely related to each other. For multi-loop examples, we write the $L$-loop generalized penta-ladders as $2(L-1)$-fold $\mathrm{d}\log$ integrals of some one-loop integral, so that once the latter is known, the integration can be performed in a systematic way. In particular, we write the eight-point penta-ladder as a $2L$-fold $\mathrm{d}\log$ integral whose symbol can be computed without performing the integration; we also obtain the last entries and the symbol alphabet of these integrals. Similarly we compute and study the symbol of the seven-point double-penta-ladder, which is represented by a $2(L-1)$-fold integral of a hexagon; the latter can be written as a two-fold $\mathrm{d}\log$ integral plus a boundary term. We comment on the relation of our representation to differential equations and resum the ladders by solving certain integral equations.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2021)·25 citations
18. 18*

    Derive Lovelock Gravity from String Theory in Cosmological Background

    Peng Wang🇨🇳 · Houwen Wu🇨🇳 · Haitang Yang🇨🇳 · Shuxuan Ying🇨🇳

    It was proved more than three decades ago, that the first order ${\alpha }^{\prime }$ correction of string effective theory could be written as the Gauss-Bonnet term, which is the quadratic term of Lovelock gravity. In cosmological background, with an appropriate field redefinition, we reorganize the infinite ${\alpha }^{\prime }$ corrections of string effective action into a finite term expression for any specific dimension. This finite term expression matches Lovelock gravity exactly and thus fix the couplings of Lovelock gravity by the coefficients of string effective action. This result thus provides a strong support to string theory.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phJHEP(2021)·10 citations
19. 19*

    On-shell representations of two-body transition amplitudes: single external current

    Raúl A. Briceño🇺🇸 · Andrew W. Jackura🇺🇸 · Felipe G. Ortega-Gama🇺🇸 · Keegan H. Sherman🇺🇸

    This work explores scattering amplitudes that couple two-particle systems via a single external current insertion, $2+\mathcal{J}\to 2$. Such amplitudes can provide structural information about the excited QCD spectrum. We derive an exact analytic representation for these reactions. From these amplitudes, we show how to rigorously define resonance and bound-state form-factors. Furthermore, we explore the consequences of the narrow-width limit of the amplitudes as well as the role of the Ward-Takahashi identity for conserved vector currents. These results hold for any number of two-body channels with no intrinsic spin, and a current with arbitrary Lorentz structure and quantum numbers. This work and the existing finite-volume formalism provide a complete framework for determining this class of amplitudes from lattice QCD.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thPRD(2021)·32 citations
20. 20*

    Topological Stars, Black holes and Generalized Charged Weyl Solutions

    Ibrahima Bah🇺🇸 · Pierre Heidmann🇺🇸

    We construct smooth static bubble solutions, denoted as topological stars, in five-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theories which are asymptotic to ${\mathbb{R}}^{1,3}\times$S${}^1$. The bubbles are supported by allowing electromagnetic fluxes to wrap smooth topological cycles. The solutions live in the same regime as non-extremal static charged black strings, that reduce to black holes in four dimensions. We generalize to multi-body configurations on a line by constructing closed-form generalized charged Weyl solutions in the same theory. Generic solutions consist of topological stars and black strings stacked on a line, that are wrapped by electromagnetic fluxes. We embed the solutions in type IIB String Theory on S${}^1\times$T${}^4$. In this framework, the charged Weyl solutions provide a novel class in String Theory of multiple charged objects in the non-supersymmetric and non-extremal black hole regime.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phJHEP(2021)·63 citations
21. 21*

    Bayesian Analysis of a Future Beta Decay Experiment's Sensitivity to Neutrino Mass Scale and Ordering

    A. Ashtari Esfahani🇺🇸 · M. Betancourt🇺🇸 · Z. Bogorad🇺🇸 · S. Böser🇩🇪 · N. Buzinsky🇺🇸 · R. Cervantes🇺🇸 · C. Claessens🇩🇪 · L. de Viveiros🇺🇸 · M. Fertl🇩🇪 · J. A. Formaggio🇺🇸 · L. Gladstone🇺🇸 · M. Grando🇺🇸 and 34 other authors

    Bayesian modeling techniques enable sensitivity analyses that incorporate detailed expectations regarding future experiments. A model-based approach also allows one to evaluate inferences and predicted outcomes, by calibrating (or measuring) the consequences incurred when certain results are reported. We present procedures for calibrating predictions of an experiment's sensitivity to both continuous and discrete parameters. Using these procedures and a new Bayesian model of the $\beta$-decay spectrum, we assess a high-precision $\beta$-decay experiment's sensitivity to the neutrino mass scale and ordering, for one assumed design scenario. We find that such an experiment could measure the electron-weighted neutrino mass within $\sim 40$meV after 1 year (90$\%$ credibility). Neutrino masses $>500$meV could be measured within $\approx 5$meV. Using only $\beta$-decay and external reactor neutrino data, we find that next-generation $\beta$-decay experiments could potentially constrain the mass ordering using a two-neutrino spectral model analysis. By calibrating mass ordering results, we identify reporting criteria that can be tuned to suppress false ordering claims. In some cases, a two-neutrino analysis can reveal that the mass ordering is inverted, an unobtainable result for the traditional one-neutrino analysis approach.

    ↳ physics.data-anhep-phnucl-exPRC(2021)·23 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.