Tue·Nov 24, 2020Tuesday·November 24, 2020

1. 01*

   MeV neutrino dark matter in the SLIM model

   Juri Fiaschi🇩🇪 · Michael Klasen🇩🇪 · Miguel Vargas🇩🇪 · Christian Weinheimer🇩🇪 · Sybrand Zeinstra🇩🇪

   We explore the parameter space of a variant of the SLIM model, which extends the SM with a singlet and a doublet of complex scalars and two generations of right-handed neutrinos, the lightest of which has a mass in the MeV to GeV region and plays the role of Dark Matter candidate. We impose the current collider and astrophysical constrains, as well as bounds from Lepton Flavour Violating experiments. We also consider the discovery potential in the XENON experiment exploiting the electron recoil as a possible direct detection signal. Despite the DM in this model being leptophilic, the predicted cross sections are too low due to the heavy charged mediator.

   hep-phPoS(2021)·0 citations
2. 02*

   Resummation effects in weak SUSY processes

   Juri Fiaschi🇩🇪 · Michael Klasen🇩🇪

   We present updated results for the production cross sections of slepton pairs and neutralino-chargino pairs at the LHC with next-to-next-to logarithmic precision matched at approximate QCD next-to-next-to leading order. The explored range of masses of the supersymmetric particles are chosen to be relevant for current and future searches at the LHC. We find moderate increases in the invariant mass distributions and integrated cross sections, and substantial reductions in the scale uncertainty of the results.

   hep-phPoS(2021)·0 citations
3. 03*

   Equation of state of cold and dense QCD matter in resummed perturbation theory

   Yuki Fujimoto🇯🇵 · Kenji Fukushima🇯🇵

   We discuss the Hard Dense Loop resummation at finite quark mass and evaluate the equation of state (EoS) of cold and dense QCD matter in $\beta$ equilibrium. The resummation in the quark sector has an effect of lowering the baryon number density and the EoS turns out to have much smaller uncertainty than the perturbative QCD estimate. Our numerical results favor smooth matching between the EoS from the resummed QCD calculation at high density and the extrapolated EoS from the nuclear matter density region. We also point out that the speed of sound in our EoS slightly exceeds the conformal limit.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEnucl-thPRD(2022)·48 citations
4. 04*

   Decoding the nature of $Z_{cs}(3985)$ and establishing the spectrum of charged heavy quarkoniumlike states in chiral effective field theory

   Bo Wang🇨🇳 · Lu Meng🇩🇪 · Shi-Lin Zhu🇨🇳

   We study the newly observed charmoniumlike state $Z_{cs}(3985)$ in the framework of chiral effective field theory. The interaction kernel of the ${\bar{D}}_s{D}^{\ast }/{\bar{D}}_s^{\ast }D$ system is calculated up to the next-to-leading order with the explicit chiral dynamics. With the fitted parameters extracted from the $Z_c(3900)$ data as inputs, the mass, width and event distributions of the $Z_{cs}(3985)$ are very consistent with the experimental measurements. Our studies strongly support the $Z_{cs}(3985)$ as the partner of the $Z_c(3900)$ in the SU(3)${}_f$ symmetry and the ${\bar{D}}_s{D}^{\ast }/{\bar{D}}_s^{\ast }D$ molecular resonance with the same dynamical origin as the other charged heavy quarkoniumlike states. We precisely predict the resonance parameters of the unobserved states in ${\bar{D}}_s^{\ast }{D}^{\ast }$, $B_s^{\ast }\bar{B}/B_s{\bar{B}}^{\ast }$ and $B_s^{\ast }{\bar{B}}^{\ast }$ systems, and establish a complete spectrum of the charged charmoniumlike and bottomoniumlike states with the $I(J^P)$ quantum numbers $1(1^{+})$ and $\frac{1}{2}(1^{+})$, respectively.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-thPRD(2021)·50 citations
5. 05*

   The 2HDM Doppelganger

   Baradhwaj Coleppa🇮🇳 · Agnivo Sarkar🇮🇳

   We discuss the structure of a model with an extended gauge symmetry group $SU(2)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$ with a correspondingly rich Electroweak Symmetry Breaking structure. In spite of the additional scalar degrees of freedom in the model, the presence of the extra gauge group $SU(2)$ and its associated heavy vector bosons ensures that the scalar spectrum of the model after symmetry breaking is identical to that of the Two Higgs Doublet Models. We construct the model and discuss its implications, specifically the phenomenology associated with this class of models in contrast to the 2HDM.

   hep-phEPJC(2022)·3 citations
6. 06*

   Flavor Triangle of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background

   Zahra Tabrizi🇺🇸 · Shunsaku Horiuchi🇺🇸

   Although Galactic core-collapse supernovae (SNe) only happen a few times per century, every hour a vast number of explosions happen in the whole universe, emitting energy in the form of neutrinos, resulting in the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB). The DSNB has not yet been detected, but Super-Kamiokande doped with gadolinium is expected to yield the first statistically significant observation within the next several years. Since the neutrinos produced at the core collapse undergo mixing during their propagation to Earth, the flavor content at detection is a test of oscillation physics. In this paper, we estimate the expected DSNB data at the DUNE, Hyper-K and JUNO experiments which when combined are sensitive to all different neutrino flavors. We determine how well the flavor content of the DSNB will be reconstructed in the future, for a Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) scenario as well as a neutrino decay scenario. A large fraction of the flavor space will be excluded, but the heavy-lepton neutrino flux remains a challenge.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEJCAP(2021)·41 citations
7. 07*

   Analysis of the $Z_{cs}(3985)$ as the axialvector tetraquark state

   Zhi-Gang Wang🇨🇳

   In this paper, we choose the scalar and axialvector diquark operators in the color antitriplet as the fundamental building blocks to construct the four-quark currents and investigate the diquark-antidiquark type axialvector tetraquark states $c\bar{c}u\bar{s}$ in the framework of the QCD sum rules. The predicted tetraquark mass $M_Z=3.99\pm 0.09\mathrm{GeV}$ is in excellent agreement with the experimental value $3985.2_{-2.0}^{+2.1}\pm 1.7\mathrm{MeV}$ from the BESIII collaboration, which supports identifying the $Z_{cs}(3985)$ as the cousin of the $Z_c(3900)$ with the quantum numbers $J^{PC}=1^{+-}$. We take into account the light flavor $SU(3)$ mass-breaking effect to estimate the mass spectrum of the diquark-antidiquark type hidden-charm tetraquark states having the strangeness according to the previous works.

   hep-phCPC(2021)·67 citations
8. 08*

   Mass splitting of vector meson and spontaneous spin polarization under rotation

   Minghua Wei🇨🇳 · Yin Jiang🇨🇳 · Mei Huang🇨🇳

   In the present paper, we study the effect of the rotation on the masses of scalar meson as well as vector meson in the framework of 2-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. The existence of rotation causes a tedious quark propagator and corresponding polarization function. Applying the random phase approximation, the meson mass is calculated numerically. It is found that the behavior of scalar and pseudoscalar meson masses under the angular velocity $\omega$ is similar to that at finite chemical potential, both rely on the behavior of constituent quark mass and reflect the property related to the chiral symmetry. However, masses of vector meson $\rho$ have more profound relation with rotation. After tedious calculation, it turns out that at low temperature and small chemical potenial, the mass for spin component $s_z=0,\pm 1$ of vector meson under rotation shows very simple mass splitting relation $m_{\rho }^{s_z}(\omega )=m_{\rho }(\omega =0)-\omega s_z$, similar to the Zeeman splitting of charged meson under magnetic fields. Especially it is noticed that the mass of spin component $s_z=1$ vector meson $\rho$ decreases linearly with $\omega$ and reaches zero at ${\omega }_c=m_{\rho }(\omega =0)$, this indicates the system will develop $s_z=1$ vector meson condensation and the system will be spontaneously spin polarized under rotation.

   hep-phnucl-thCPC(2022)·17 citations
9. 09*

   Investigation of Charged Higgs Boson in the Bottom and Top Quark Decay Channel at the FCC-hh

   I. Turk Cakir (Giresun University)🇹🇷 · O. Cakir (Ankara University)🇹🇷 · H. Denizli (Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University)🇹🇷 · A. Senol (Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University)🇹🇷 · A. Yilmaz (Giresun University)🇹🇷

   After the recent discovery of a neutral Higgs boson with a mass about 125 GeV, we assess the extend of discovery potential of future circular hadron collider (FCC-hh) for a charged Higgs boson in the bottom and top quark decay channel. The charged Higgs boson can be produced through the pp->h^{-}t+X process with a subsequent decay h^{-}->b bar{t} channel. This decay channel is particularly important for studying the charged Higgs boson heavier than the top quark. We consider an extension of the standard model Higgs sector, namely two Higgs doublet model (2HDM), and perform a dedicated signal significance analysis to test this channel for the FCC-hh running at the center of mass energy of 100 TeV and the integrated luminosity of 1 ab^{-1} (initial) and 30 ab^{-1} (ultimate). We find that an important part of the parameter spaces of two Higgs doublet model are examinable at the FCC-hh.

   hep-phPLB(2021)·0 citations
10. 10*

    Charged Higgs Observability via Charged Higgs Pair Production at Future Lepton Collider

    Nadia Kausar · Ijaz Ahmed · Ather M. W

    The observability of charged Higgs $H^{\pm }$ has been investigated at future lepton collider by assuming type-I 2HDM, at a centre of mass energy $\sqrt{s}=1.5$ TeV. The signal process chain is $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to Z^{\ast }/{\gamma }^{\ast }\to H^{+}{H}^{-}\to H{W}^{+}H{W}^{-}\to b\overline{b}jjb\overline{b}jj$. The process proceed through virtual gamma and Z-boson exchange in S-channel. Several benchmark points are selected and events are analyzed to reconstruct the mass of charged Higgs bosons $H^{\pm }$. The value of $\tan \beta$ is kept relatively high to enhance the branching ratio of $H\to b\overline{b}$ to benefit the signal processes. The main SM background processes produced is $t\overline{t}$. Signal selection and significance efficiencies are calculated at integrated luminosities of $100f{b}^{-1}$ and $500f{b}^{-1}$. The reconstructed and corrected mass of charged Higgs bosons $H^{\pm }$ is determined. Through analyzing the results, it is demonstrated that charged Higgs bosons can be discovered through pair production process via its bosonic decays. This study is supposed to provide the experimentalists a good way to examine the Higgs bosons beyond SM, as well as to check the validity of 2HDM models in considered parameter space.

    hep-phEur.Phys.J.Plus(2022)·1 citation
11. 11*

    Flipped $U(1)$ extended Standard Model and Majorana dark matter

    Cao H. Nam🇻🇳

    We propose a general flavor-independent extension of the Standard Model (SM) with the minimal particle content, based on the symmetry $SU(3{)}_C\times SU(2{)}_L\times U(1{)}_{Y^{\prime }}\times U(1{)}_X\times Z_2$. In this scenario, the charge operator is identified in terms of the charges of two $U(1)$ gauge symmetries. The light neutrino masses are generated via Type-I seesaw mechanism only with two heavy right-handed neutrinos acquiring their Majorana masses through the $U(1{)}_{Y^{\prime }}\times U(1{)}_X$ symmetry breaking. We study various experimental constraints on the parameters of the model and investigate the phenomenology of the right-handed neutrino dark matter (DM) candidate assigned a $Z_2$-odd parity. We find that the most important constraints are the observed DM relic abundance, the current LHC limits, and the ambiguity of the SM neutral gauge boson mass.

    hep-phEPJC(2020)·5 citations
12. 12*

    Quantum Kinetic Equilibrium

    Chad T. Kishimoto🇺🇸 · Heather Hodlin🇺🇸 · Olexiy Dvornikov🇺🇸

    We solved the Quantum Kinetic Equations (QKEs) for an active-sterile neutrino system in the early universe. While on the surface this may seem to be an overly simplistic system, other linear two-state systems can be mapped onto the active-sterile system. In the early universe, we find that solutions to the QKEs are well described by an adiabatic approximation where the off-diagonal terms of the density operator are constant on short (oscillation and/or scattering) timescales, but may slowly evolve on long (expansion) timescales. This "quantum kinetic equilibrium" attains as the quantum development of phase balances with the kinetic destruction of phase. In this work, we introduce and assess this equilibrium ansatz as the neutrino states evolve in the early universe with a non-zero lepton number, engendering level crossings that result in scattering-induced active-sterile neutrino transformation.

    hep-phastro-ph.CO1 citation
13. 13*

    The $D^{\ast }D\pi$ and $B^{\ast }B\pi$ couplings from light-cone sum rules

    Alexander Khodjamirian🇩🇪 · Blaženka Melić🇭🇷 · Yu-Ming Wang🇨🇳 · Yan-Bing Wei🇨🇳

    We revisit the calculation of the strong couplings $D^{\ast }D\pi$ and $B^{\ast }B\pi$ from the QCD light-cone sum rules using the pion light-cone distribution amplitudes. The accuracy of the correlation function, calculated from the operator product expansion near the light-cone, is upgraded by taking into account the gluon radiative corrections to the twist-3 terms. The double spectral density of the correlation function, including the twist-2, 3 terms at $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s)$ and the twist-4 LO terms, is presented in an analytical form for the first time. This form allows us to use various versions of the quark-hadron duality regions in the double dispersion relation underlying the sum rules. We predict $g_{D^{\ast }D\pi }=14.1_{-1.2}^{+1.3}$ and $g_{B^{\ast }B\pi }=30.0_{-2.4}^{+2.6}$ when the decay constants of heavy mesons entering the light-cone sum rule are taken from lattice QCD results. We compare our results with the experimental value for the charmed meson coupling and with the lattice QCD calculations.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latJHEP(2021)·41 citations
14. 14*

    Nature of $X(6900)$ and its production mechanism at LHCb

    Chang Gong🇨🇳 · Meng-Chuan Du🇨🇳 · Qiang Zhao🇨🇳 · Xian-Hui Zhong🇨🇳 · Bin Zhou🇨🇳

    We show that the Pomeron exchanges play a unique role in vector charmonium scatterings. Such a mechanism can provide a natural explanation for the nontrivial structures in the di-$J/\psi$ spectrum observed by the LHCb Collaboration. The narrow structure $X(6900)$, as a dynamically generated resonance pole, can arise from the Pomeron exchanges and coupled-channel effects between the $J/\psi$-$J/\psi$, $J/\psi$-$\psi (2S)$ scatterings. A pole structure near the di-$J/\psi$ threshold is also found. Meanwhile, we predict that $X(6900)$ can produce significant threshold enhancement in the $J/\psi$-$\psi (2S)$ energy spectrum which can be searched for at LHCb.

    hep-phPLB(2022)·84 citations
15. 15*

    Impact of scale, nuclear PDF and temperature variations on the interpretation of medium-modified jet production data from the LHC

    A. Andronic🇩🇪 · J. Honermann🇩🇪 · M. Klasen🇩🇪 · C. Klein-Bösing🇩🇪 · J. Salomon🇩🇪

    In this paper we present a study of in-medium jet modifications performed with JEWEL and PYTHIA 6.4, focusing on the uncertainties related to variations of the perturbative scales and nuclear parton distribution functions (PDFs) and on the impact of the initial and crossover temperature variations of the medium. The simulations are compared to LHC data for the jet spectrum and the nuclear modification factor. We assess the interplay between the choice of nuclear PDFs and different medium parameters and study the impact of nuclear PDFs and the medium on the jet structure via the Lund plane.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thJHEP(2021)·3 citations
16. 16*

    On the soliton model of azimuthal-anisotropic elliptical flows of quark-gluon plasma and hadron jets

    R.K.Salimov🇷🇺 · T.R.Salimov🇷🇺

    The paper presents a system of nonlinear Lorentz-invariant equations. The behavior of their localized solutions is analogous to the processes of formation of azimuthal-anisotropic elliptical flows of quark-gluon plasma and hadron jets. In contrast to the hydrodynamic models of an ideal fluid, the elliptic flow in this model has a significant negative acceleration. The presence of the negative acceleration allows us to propose a hypothesis about the direct elliptic flow of photons as braking radiation QGP.

    hep-ph1 citation
17. 17*

    The newly observed $Z_{cs}(3985{)}^{-}$ state: in vacuum and a dense medium

    K. Azizi🇮🇷 · N. Er🇹🇷

    We report on some properties of the newly observed charged hidden-charmed open strange $Z_{cs}(3985{)}^{-}$ state by BESIII Collaboration. Assigning the quantum numbers $J^P=1^{+}$ and the quark composition $c\bar{c}s\bar{u}$ and considering it as the strange partner of the famous $Z_c(3900)$ state, we estimate the mass of the $Z_{cs}(3985{)}^{-}$ resonance in vacuum and compare it with the experimental data. We also investigate its mass, current coupling and vector-self energy in a medium with finite density. Our result on the mass in vacuum agrees well with the experimental data. We estimate the mass and current coupling of the b-partner of this state, $Z_{bs}$, in the vacuum as well. For its mass we get $m_{Z_{bs}}=10732_{-46}^{+97}\text{mbox}MeV$, which may be checked via other nonperturbative approaches as well as future experiments. We present the dependence of the spectroscopic parameters of $Z_{cs}(3985{)}^{-}$ state on density and observe that these parameters are linearly changed with increasing in the density.

    hep-phEPJC(2021)·32 citations
18. 18*

    When invariable cross-sections change: the Electron-Ion Collider case

    Krzysztof Piotrzkowski🇧🇪 · Mariusz Przybycien🇵🇱

    In everyday research, it is tacitly assumed that the scattering cross-sections have fixed values for the given particle species, centre-of-mass energy, and particle polarizations. However, this assumption has been called into question after several observations of suppression of high-energy bremsstrahlung. This process will play a major role in experiments at the future Electron-Ion Collider, and we show here how variations of the bremsstrahlung cross-section can be profoundly studied there using the lateral beam displacements. In particular, we predict very strong increase of the observed cross-sections for large beam separations. We also discuss the relation of these elusive effects to other quantum phenomena occurring over macroscopic distances. In this context, spectacular and possibly useful properties of the coherent bremsstrahlung at the EIC are also evaluated.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2021)·3 citations
19. 19*

    Femtoscopy of the Origin of the Nucleon Mass

    G. Krein🇧🇷 · T.C. Peixoto🇧🇷

    We study the prospects of using femtoscopic low-momentum correlation measurements at the Large Hadron Collider to access properties of the J/psi-nucleon interaction. The QCD multipole expansion in terms of the J/psi chromopolarizability relates the forward scattering amplitude to a key matrix element to the origin of the nucleon mass problem, the average chromoelectric gluon distribution in the nucleon. We use information on the J/psi-nucleon interaction provided by lattice QCD simulations and phenomenological models to compute J/psi-nucleon correlation functions. The computed correlation functions show clear sensitivity to the interaction, in particular to the J/psi chromopolarizability.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+1Few Body Syst.(2020)·25 citations
20. 20*

    Black hole superradiance of self-interacting scalar fields

    Masha Baryakhtar🇺🇸 · Marios Galanis🇺🇸 · Robert Lasenby🇺🇸 · Olivier Simon🇺🇸

    Black hole superradiance is a powerful probe of light, weakly-coupled hidden sector particles. Many candidate particles, such as axions, generically have self-interactions that can influence the evolution of the superradiant instability. As pointed out in arXiv:1604.06422 in the context of a toy model, much of the existing literature on spin-0 superradiance does not take into account the most important self-interaction-induced processes. These processes lead to energy exchange between quasi-bound levels and particle emission to infinity; for large self-couplings, superradiant growth is saturated at a quasi-equilibrium configuration of reduced level occupation numbers. In this paper, we perform a detailed analysis of the rich dynamics of spin-0 superradiance with self-interactions, and the resulting observational signatures. We focus on quartic self-interactions, which dominate the evolution for most models of interest. We explore multiple distinct regimes of parameter space introduced by a non-zero self-interaction, including the simultaneous population of two or more bound levels; at large coupling, we confirm the basic picture of quasi-equilibrium saturation and provide evidence that the "bosenova" collapse does not occur in most of the astrophysical parameter space. Compared to gravitational superradiance, we find that gravitational wave "annihilation" signals and black hole spin-down are parametrically suppressed with increasing interactions, while new gravitational wave "transition" signals can take place for moderate interactions. The novel phenomenon of scalar wave emission is less suppressed at large couplings, and if the particle has Standard Model interactions, then coherent, monochromatic axion wave signals from black hole superradiance may be detectable in proposed axion dark matter experiments.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEgr-qcPRD(2021)·310 citations
21. 21*

    Disformal Dark Matter

    Philippe Brax🇫🇷 · Kunio Kaneta🇰🇷 · Yann Mambrini🇫🇷 · Mathias Pierre🇪🇸

    We generalize dark matter production to a two-metric framework whereby the physical metric, which couples to the Standard Model (SM), is conformally and/or disformally related to the metric governing the gravitational dynamics. We show that this setup is naturally present in many Ultra Violet (UV) constructions, from Kähler moduli fields to tensor-portal models, and from emergent gravity to supergravity models. In this setting we study dark matter production in the early Universe resulting from both scatterings off the thermal bath and the radiative decay of the inflaton. We also take into account non-instantaneous reheating effects at the end of inflation. In this context, dark matter emerges from the production of the scalar field mediating the conformal/disformal interactions with the SM, i.e. realising a Feebly Interacting Matter Particle (FIMP) scenario where the suppression scale of the interaction between the scalar and the SM can be taken almost as high as the Planck scale in the deep UV.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2021)·26 citations
22. 22*

    Primordial non-Gaussianity from the Effects of the Standard Model Higgs during Reheating after Inflation

    Aliki Litsa🇸🇪 · Katherine Freese🇺🇸 · Evangelos I. Sfakianakis🇪🇸 · Patrick Stengel🇸🇪 · Luca Visinelli🇳🇱

    We propose a new way of studying the Higgs potential at extremely high energies. The Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson, as a light spectator field during inflation in the early Universe, can acquire large field values from its quantum fluctuations which vary among different causal (Hubble) patches. Such a space dependence of the Higgs after the end of inflation leads to space-dependent SM particle masses and hence variable efficiency of reheating, when the inflaton decays to Higgsed SM particles. Inhomogeneous reheating results in (observable) temperature anisotropies. Further, the resulting temperature anisotropy spectrum acquires a significant non-Gaussian component, which is constrained by $\text{Planck}$ observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and potentially detectable in next-generation experiments. Constraints on this non-Gaussian signal largely exclude the possibility of the observed temperature anisotropies arising primarily from Higgs effects. Hence, in principle, observational searches for non-Gaussianity in the CMB can be used to constrain the dynamics of the Higgs boson at very high (inflationary) energies.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2023)·9 citations
23. 23*

    Symmetries of stationary points of the $G$-invariant potential and the framework of the auxiliary group

    R Krishnan🇮🇳

    We classify the constraints on a stationary point of the potential invariant under a finite group into intrinsic and extrinsic based on whether they are independent of the coefficients in the potential or not. We find that the symmetry group of a set of stationary points can be larger than that of the potential and the stabilizer under this group generates intrinsic constraints. By applying these findings in the framework of the auxiliary group, we show that the constraints that can only be obtained extrinsically in an elementary theory can be generated intrinsically in an effective theory.

    hep-phhep-thmath-phmath.MPPRD(2021)·7 citations
24. 24*

    On the relation between the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ and the kinetic mass of heavy quarks

    Matteo Fael🇩🇪 · Kay Schönwald🇩🇪 · Matthias Steinhauser🇩🇪

    We compute the relation between the pole mass and the kinetic mass of a heavy quark to three loops. Using the known relation between the pole and the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ mass we obtain precise conversion relations between the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ and kinetic masses. The kinetic mass is defined via the moments of the spectral function for the scattering involving a heavy quark close to threshold. This requires the computation of the imaginary part of a forward scattering amplitude up to three-loop order. We discuss in detail the expansion procedure and the reduction to master integrals. For the latter analytic results are provided. We apply our result both to charm and bottom quark masses. In the latter case we compute and include finite charm quark mass effects. Furthermore, we determine the large-${\beta }_0$ result for the conversion formula at four-loop order. For the bottom quark we estimate the uncertainty in the conversion between the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ and kinetic masses to about 15 MeV which is an improvement by a factor two to three as compared to the two-loop formula. The improved precision is crucial for the extraction of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element $|V_{cb}|$ at Belle II.

    hep-phPRD(2021)·56 citations
25. 25*

    Strange hidden-charm tetraquarks in constituent quark models

    Xin Jin · Xuejie Liu · Yaoyao Xue · Hongxia Huang · Jialun Ping

    Inspired by the newly reported $Z_{cs}(3985{)}^{-}$ by the BESIII Collaboration, we systematically investigate the strange hidden-charm tetraquark systems $cs\bar{c}\bar{u}$ with two structures: meson-meson and diquark-antidiquark. Two quark models: the chiral quark model (ChQM) and the quark delocalization color screening model (QDCSM) are used here. Similar results are obtained in both two quark models. There is no any bound state in either ChQM or QDCSM, which excludes the molecular state explanation ($D_s{D}^{\ast }/D_s^{\ast }D/D_s^{\ast }{D}^{\ast }$) of the reported $Z_{cs}(3985{)}^{-}$. However, the effective potentials for the diquark-antidiquark $cs\bar{c}\bar{u}$ systems shows the possibility of some resonance states with mass range of $3916.5\sim 3964.6$ MeV for $I{J}^P=\frac{1}{2}{0}^{+}$, $4008.8\sim 4091.2$ MeV for $I{J}^P=\frac{1}{2}{1}^{+}$, $4246.8\sim 4418.1$ MeV for $I{J}^P=\frac{1}{2}{2}^{+}$. So the observed $Z_{cs}(3985{)}^{-}$ state is possible to be explained as a compact resonance state composed of $cs\bar{c}\bar{u}$ with $I{J}^P=\frac{1}{2}{0}^{+}$ or $I{J}^P=\frac{1}{2}{1}^{+}$. The study of the scattering process of corresponding open channels is under way to check this conclusion.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2021)·46 citations
26. 26*

    Adler-Bell-Jackiw anomaly in VSR electrodynamics

    R. Bufalo🇧🇷 · M. Ghasemkhani🇮🇷 · A. Soto🇨🇱

    In this paper, we examine the problem of anomalies of the fermionic currents in the context of the very special relativity (VSR). We consider the VSR contributions to the triangle amplitude $⟨J_5^{\lambda }{J}^{\mu }{J}^{\nu }⟩$, which allows the evaluation of the vector and axial Ward identities. Actually, we observe that the VSR nonlocal effects respect the vector Ward identity, and it also contributes in a very interesting and unique way for the Adler-Bell-Jackiw anomaly.

    ↳ hep-thhep-ph4 citations
27. 27*

    QCD equations of state and speed of sound in neutron stars

    Toru Kojo🇨🇳

    Neutron stars are cosmic laboratories to study dense matter in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). The observable mass-radius relations of neutron stars are determined by QCD equations of state, and can reflect the properties of QCD phase transitions. In the last decade there have been historical discoveries in neutron stars, the discoveries of two-solar mass neutron stars and neutron star merger events, which have imposed tight constraints on equations of state. While a number of equations of state are constructed to satisfy these constraints, a theoretical challenge is how to reconcile those constructions with the microphysics expected from the hadron physics and in-medium calculations. In this short article we briefly go over recent observations and discuss their implications for dense QCD matter, referring to QCD constraints in the low and high density limits, QCD-like theories, and lattice QCD results for baryon-baryon interactions.

    ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-phnucl-exAAPPS Bull.(2021)·97 citations
28. 28*

    Series solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger-Newton equations in the presence of dark energy via the Adomian Decomposition Method

    Tiberiu Harko🇷🇴 · Man Kwong Mak🇨🇱 · Matthew J. Lake🇨🇳

    The Schrödinger-Newton model is a nonlinear system obtained by coupling the linear Schrödinger equation of canonical quantum mechanics with the Poisson equation of Newtonian mechanics. In this paper we investigate the effects of dark energy on the time-dependent Schrödinger-Newton equations by including a new source term with energy density ${\rho }_{\Lambda }=\Lambda c^2/(8\pi G)$, where $\Lambda$ is the cosmological constant, in addition to the particle-mass source term ${\rho }_m=m|\psi {|}^2$. The resulting Schrödinger-Newton-$\Lambda$ (S-N-$\Lambda$) system cannot be solved exactly, in closed form, and one must resort to either numerical or semianalytical (i.e., series) solution methods. We apply the Adomian Decomposition Method, a very powerful method for solving a large class of nonlinear ordinary and partial differential equations, to obtain accurate series solutions of the S-N-$\Lambda$ system, for the first time. The dark energy dominated regime is also investigated in detail. We then compare our results to existing numerical solutions and analytical estimates, and show that they are consistent with previous findings. Finally, we outline the advantages of using the Adomian Decomposition Method, which allows accurate solutions of the S-N-$\Lambda$ system to be obtained quickly, even with minimal computational resources.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phquant-phSymmetry(2023)·0 citations
29. 29*

    On the energy budget of the transition of a neutron star into the third family branch

    David E. Alvarez-Castillo🇵🇱

    Transition of a compact star into the third family for an equation of state (EoS) featuring mass twins is considered. The energy released at a baryon number conserving transition for static compact stars configurations is computed for two sets of models for comparison. The EoS of choice is the density dependent functional DD2 EoS with excluded model correction for hadronic matter which suffers a phase transition into deconfined quark matter described by a constant speed of sound approach. The two sets of EoS models feature different compact star mass onsets that maximize the energy and radius difference at the transition while simultaneously fulfilling state-of-the-art constraints from multi-messenger astronomy and empirical nuclear data. It is found that the maximal energy budget at the transitions falls in the range of $10^{49}$ - $10^{52}$ ergs.

    ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRhep-phAstron.Nachr.(2021)·10 citations
30. 30*

    Inertial and gravitational effects on a geonium atom

    Asuka Ito🇹🇼

    We reveal all linear order inertial and gravitational effects on a non-relativistic Dirac particle (mass $m$) on the Earth up to the order of $1/m$ in the Foldy-Wouthuysen-like expansion. Applying the result to Penning trap experiments where a Dirac particle experiences the cyclotron motion and the spin precession in a cavity, i.e., a geonium atom, we study modifications to the $g$-factor of such as the electron. It is shown that each correction from gravity has different dependence on the cyclotron frequency and the mass $m$. Therefore, their magnitude change depending on situations. In a particular case of an electron $g$-factor measurement, the dominant correction to the observed $g$-factor comes from effects of the Earth's rotation, which is $\delta g/2\simeq 5.2\times 10^{-17}$. It may be detectable in the near future.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thClass.Quant.Grav.(2021)·11 citations
31. 31*

    Effective picture of bubble expansion

    Rong-Gen Cai🇨🇳 · Shao-Jiang Wang🇺🇸

    Recently the thermal friction on an expanding bubble from the cosmic first-order phase transition has been calculated to all orders of the interactions between the bubble wall and thermal plasma, leading to a ${\gamma }^2$-scaling instead of the previously estimated ${\gamma }^1$-scaling for the thermal friction exerted on a fast-moving bubble wall with a Lorentz factor $\gamma$. We propose for the first time the effective equation of motion (EOM) for an expanding bubble wall in the presence of an arbitrary $\gamma$-scaling friction to compute the efficiency factor from bubble collisions, which, in the case of ${\gamma }^2$-scaling friction, is found to be larger than the recently updated estimation when the bubble walls collide after starting to approach a constant terminal velocity, leading to a slightly larger signal of the gravitational waves background from bubble collisions due to its quadratic dependence on the bubble collision efficiency factor, although the ${\gamma }^2$-scaling friction itself has already suppressed the contribution from bubble collisions compared to that with ${\gamma }^1$-scaling friction. We also suggest a phenomenological parameterization for the out-of-equilibrium term in the Boltzmann equation that could reproduce the recently found $({\gamma }^2-1)$-scaling of the friction term in the effective EOM of an expanding bubble wall, which merits further study in future numerical simulations of bubble expansion and collisions.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2021)·55 citations
32. 32*

    Primordial Deuterium after LUNA: concordances and error budget

    Ofelia Pisanti🇮🇹 · Gianpiero Mangano🇮🇹 · Gennaro Miele🇮🇹 · Pierpaolo Mazzella🇮🇹

    The accurate evaluation of the nuclear reaction rates and corresponding uncertainties is an essential requisite for a precise determination of light nuclide primordial abundances. The recent measurement of the D(p,gamma)3He radiative capture cross section by the LUNA collaboration, with its order 3% error, represents an important step in improving the theoretical prediction for Deuterium produced in the early universe. In view of this recent result, we present in this paper a full analysis of its abundance, which includes a new critical study of the impact of the other two main processes for Deuterium burning, namely the deuteron-deuteron transfer reactions, D(d,p)3H and D(d,n)3He. In particular, emphasis is given to the statistical method of analysis of experimental data, to a quantitative study of the theoretical uncertainties, and a comparison with similar studies presented in the recent literature. We then discuss the impact of our study on the concordance of the primordial nucleosynthesis stage with the Planck experiment results on the baryon density Omegab h2 and the effective number of neutrino parameter Neff, as function of the assumed value of the 4He mass fraction Yp. While after the LUNA results, the value of Deuterium is quite precisely fixed, and points to a value of the baryon density in excellent agreement with the Planck result, a combined analysis also including Helium leads to two possible scenarios with different predictions for Omegab h2 and Neff. We argue that new experimental results on the systematics and the determination of Yp would be of great importance in assessing the overall concordance of the standard cosmological model.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2021)·136 citations
33. 33*

    Magnetization of the intergalactic medium in the IllustrisTNG simulations: the importance of extended, outflow-driven bubbles

    Andres Aramburo Garcia🇳🇱 · Kyrylo Bondarenko🇨🇭 · Alexey Boyarsky🇳🇱 · Dylan Nelson🇩🇪 · Annalisa Pillepich🇩🇪 · Anastasia Sokolenko🇦🇹

    We study the effects of galaxy formation physics on the magnetization of the intergalactic medium (IGM) using the IllustrisTNG simulations. We demonstrate that large-scale regions affected by the outflows from galaxies and clusters contain magnetic fields that are several orders of magnitude stronger than in unaffected regions with the same electron density. Moreover, like magnetic fields amplified inside galaxies, these magnetic fields do not depend on the primordial seed, i.e. the adopted initial conditions for magnetic field strength. We study the volume filling fraction of these strong field regions and their occurrence in random lines of sight. As a first application, we use these results to put bounds on the photon-axion conversion from spectral distortion of the CMB. As photon-axion coupling grows with energy, stronger constraints could potentially be obtained using data on the propagation of gamma-ray photons through the IGM. Finally, we also briefly discuss potential applications of our results to the Faraday Rotation measurements.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phMNRAS(2021)·47 citations
34. 34*

    On the Large Charge Sector in the Critical $O(N)$ Model at Large $N$

    Simone Giombi🇺🇸 · Jonah Hyman🇺🇸

    We study operators in the rank-$j$ totally symmetric representation of $O(N)$ in the critical $O(N)$ model in arbitrary dimension $d$, in the limit of large $N$ and large charge $j$ with $j/N\equiv \hat{j}$ fixed. The scaling dimensions of the operators in this limit may be obtained by a semiclassical saddle point calculation. Using the standard Hubbard-Stratonovich description of the critical $O(N)$ model at large $N$, we solve the relevant saddle point equation and determine the scaling dimensions as a function of $d$ and $\hat{j}$, finding agreement with all existing results in various limits. In $4<d<6$, we observe that the scaling dimension of the large charge operators becomes complex above a critical value of the ratio $j/N$, signaling an instability of the theory in that range of $d$. Finally, we also derive results for the correlation functions involving two "heavy" and one or two "light" operators. In particular, we determine the form of the "heavy-heavy-light" OPE coefficients as a function of the charges and $d$.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2021)·65 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.