Thu·Jul 16, 2020Thursday·July 16, 2020

1. 01*

   Jet-based measurements of Sivers and Collins asymmetries at the future Electron-Ion Collider

   Miguel Arratia🇺🇸 · Zhong-Bo Kang🇺🇸 · Alexei Prokudin🇺🇸 · Felix Ringer🇺🇸

   We present predictions and projections for hadron-in-jet measurements and electron-jet azimuthal correlations at the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). These observables directly probe the three-dimensional (3D) structure of hadrons, in particular, the quark transversity and Sivers parton distributions and the Collins fragmentation functions. We explore the feasibility of these experimental measurements by detector simulations and discuss detector requirements. We conclude that jet observables have the potential to enhance the 3D imaging EIC program.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2020)·63 citations
2. 02*

   Di-Higgs resonance searches in weak boson fusion

   Rahool Kumar Barman🇮🇳 · Christoph Englert🇬🇧 · Dorival Gonçalves🇺🇸 · Michael Spannowsky🇬🇧

   The search for di-Higgs final states is typically limited at the LHC to the dominant gluon fusion channels, with weak boson fusion only assuming a spectator role. In this work, we demonstrate that when it comes to searches for resonant structures that arise from iso-singlet mixing in the Higgs sector, the weak boson fusion sideline can indeed contribute to winning the discovery game. Extending existing experimental resonance searches by including both contributions is therefore crucial.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2020)·14 citations
3. 03*

   Resolution of hyper-triton chemical freeze-out puzzle in high energy nuclear collisions

   O. V. Vitiuk🇺🇦 · K. A. Bugaev🇺🇦 · E. S. Zherebtsova🇷🇺 · D. B. Blaschke🇵🇱 · L. V. Bravina🇳🇴 · E. E. Zabrodin🇳🇴 · G. M. Zinovjev🇺🇦

   The recently developed hadron resonance gas model with multicomponent hard-core repulsion is used to address and resolve the long standing problem to describe the light nuclear cluster multiplicities including the hyper-triton measured by the STAR Collaboration, known as the hyper-triton chemical freeze-out puzzle. An unprecedentedly accurate description is obtained for the hadronic and other light nuclear cluster data measured by STAR at the collision energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV and by ALICE at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV. This success is achieved by applying the new strategy of analyzing the light nuclear cluster data and by using the value for the hard-core radius of the (anti-)$\Lambda$ hyperons found in earlier work. One of the most striking results of the present work is that for the most probable scenario of chemical freeze-out for the STAR energy the obtained parameters allow to simultaneously reproduce the values of the experimental ratios $S_3$ and ${\bar{S}}_3$ which were not included in the fit.

   hep-phnucl-thEPJA(2021)·9 citations
4. 04*

   Nonperturbative quark matter equations of state with vector interactions

   Konstantin Otto🇩🇪 · Micaela Oertel🇫🇷 · Bernd-Jochen Schaefer🇩🇪

   Nonperturbative equations of state (EoSs) for two and three quark flavors are constructed with the functional renormalization group (FRG) within a quark-meson model truncation augmented by vector mesons for low temperature and high density. Based on previous FRG studies without repulsive vector meson interactions the influence of isoscalar vector $\omega$- and $\varphi$-mesons on the dynamical fluctuations of quarks and (pseudo)scalar mesons is investigated. The grand potential as well as vector meson condensates are evaluated as a function of quark chemical potential and the quark matter EoS in $\beta$-equilibrium is applied to neutron star (NS) physics. The tidal deformability and mass-radius relations for hybrid stars from combined hadronic and quark matter EoSs are compared for different vector couplings. We observe a significant impact of the vector mesons on the quark matter EoS such that the resulting EoS is sufficiently stiff to support two-solar-mass neutron stars.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEnucl-thEur.Phys.J.ST(2020)·54 citations
5. 05*

   Sensitivity of reactor experiments to nonstandard neutrino interactions in beta decay rates

   Andrew D. Santos🇺🇸

   We frame beta-minus decay rate perturbations in the context of charged-current (CC) nonstandard neutrino interactions (NSI). In particular, we first outline one NSI parameterization for modeling the CC NSI. Then, we demonstrate that the strength of the NSI constrained by beta-minus decay data is comparable to previously reported bounds on general CC NSI at $\mathcal{O}(10^{-4})$ to $\mathcal{O}(10^{-2})$. After discussing possible parameters involved in beta-minus decay NSI, we establish a working framework to probe potentially new physics in nuclear decay rates. Finally, we determine that current nuclear reactor technology could be used for experiments that are sensitive to these NSI parameters. These would include NSI contributions from two types of parameters: (i) the relative NSI effects from the three neutrino flavors and (ii) the change in flux of electron neutrinos through a decaying sample.

   hep-ph6 citations
6. 06*

   Relaxation times for Bose-Einstein condensation in axion miniclusters

   Kay Kirkpatrick🇺🇸 · Anthony E. Mirasola🇺🇸 · Chanda Prescod-Weinstein🇺🇸

   We study the Bose condensation of scalar dark matter in the presence of both gravitational and self-interactions. Axions and other scalar dark matter in gravitationally bound miniclusters or dark matter halos are expected to condense into Bose-Einstein condensates called Bose stars. This process has been shown to occur through attractive self-interactions of the axion-like particles or through the field's self gravitation. We show that in the high-occupancy regime of scalar dark matter, the Boltzmann collision integral does not describe either gravitaitonal or self-interactions, and derive kinetic equations valid for these interactions. We use this formalism to compute relaxation times for the Bose-Einstein condensation, and find that condensation into Bose stars could occur within the lifetime of the universe. The self-interactions reduce the condensation time only when they are very strong.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2020)·57 citations
7. 07*

   Hidden-bottom molecular states from ${\Sigma }_b^{(\ast )}{B}^{(\ast )}-{\Lambda }_b{B}^{(\ast )}$ interaction

   Jun-Tao Zhu🇨🇳 · Shu-Yi Kong🇨🇳 · Yi Liu🇨🇳 · Jun He🇨🇳

   In this work, we study possible hidden-bottom molecular pentaquarks $P_b$ from coupled-channel ${\Sigma }_b^{(\ast )}{B}^{(\ast )}-{\Lambda }_b{B}^{(\ast )}$ interaction in the quasipotential Bethe-Salpeter equation approach. In isodoublet sector with $I=1/2$, with the same reasonable parameters the interaction produces seven molecular states, a state near ${\Sigma }_{b}B$ threshold with spin parity $J^P=1/2^{-}$, a state near ${\Sigma }_b^{\ast }B$ threshold with $3/2^{-}$, two states near ${\Sigma }_b{B}^{\ast }$ threshold with $1/2^{-}$ and $3/2^{-}$, and three states near ${\Sigma }_b^{\ast }{B}^{\ast }$ threshold with $1/2^{-}$, $3/2^{-}$, and $5/2^{-}$. The results suggest that three states near ${\Sigma }_b^{\ast }{B}^{\ast }$ threshold and two states near ${\Sigma }_b{B}^{\ast }$ threshold are very close, respectively, which may be difficult to distinguish in experiment without partial wave analysis. Compared with the hidden-charm pentaquark, the $P_b$ states are relatively narrow with widths at an order of magnitude of 1 MeV or smaller. The importance of each channel considered is also discussed, and it is found that the ${\Lambda }_b{B}^{\ast }$ channel provides important contribution for the widths of those states. In isoquartet sector with $I=3/2$, cutoff should be considerably enlarged to achieve bound states from the interaction, which makes the existence of such states unreliable. The results in the current work are helpful for searching for hidden-bottom molecular pentaquarks in future experiments, such as the COMPASS, J-PARC, and the Electron Ion Collider in China (EicC).

   hep-phEPJC(2020)·16 citations
8. 08*

   Inclusive Hadroproduction of $P$-Wave Heavy Quarkonia in Potential Nonrelativistic QCD

   Nora Brambilla🇩🇪 · Hee Sok Chung🇩🇪 · Antonio Vairo🇩🇪

   We compute the color-singlet and color-octet nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) long-distance matrix elements for inclusive production of $P$-wave quarkonia in the framework of potential NRQCD. In this way, the color-octet NRQCD long-distance matrix element can be determined without relying on measured cross section data, which has not been possible so far. We obtain inclusive cross sections of ${\chi }_{cJ}$ and ${\chi }_{bJ}$ at the LHC, which are in good agreement with data. In principle, the formalism developed in this Letter can be applied to all inclusive production processes of heavy quarkonia.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-thPRL(2021)·30 citations
9. 09*

   Study of anomalous gauge boson self-couplings and the role of spin-$1$ polarizations

   Rafiqul Rahaman🇮🇳

   The prime goal of this thesis is to study anomalous gauge boson self couplings, triple gauge boson couplings in particular, with the help of spin polarization observables of the gauge bosons $Z$ and $W^{\pm }$ in the presence of beam polarizations where ever possible. The neutral triple gauge boson couplings, i.e., $ZZZ$, $ZZ\gamma$, $Z\gamma \gamma$, are studied in $ZZ/Z\gamma$ ($2lq\bar{q}/2l\gamma$) production at an $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collider with and without beam polarization. Some of these anomalous couplings are also studied in $ZZ$ ($4l$) production at the LHC. In the charge sector the anomalous gauge boson couplings, i.e., $WWZ$, $WW\gamma$ have been studied at an $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collider in $W^{+}{W}^{-}$ ($l^{-}\overline{{\nu }_l}{q}^{\prime }\bar{q}$) production. The $WWZ$ anomalous couplings are also studied in $Z{W}^{\pm }$ production at LHC in $3l$ + missing $E_T$ channel. All the analyses at an $e^{+}$-$e^{-}$ collider have been performed for center-of-mass (CM) energy of $500$ GeV and integrated luminosity of $100$ fb${}^{-1}$. The analyses at the LHC are performed at $13$ TeV CM energy of $pp$ collisions. The cross sections and polarization asymmetries, along with other asymmetries (forward-backward, azimuthal), are used to obtain simultaneous limits on the anomalous couplings using Markov-Chain--Monte-Carlo (MCMC) method in each process. The polarization asymmetries can distinguish between $CP$-even and $CP$-odd couplings and help to put tighter constraints on the couplings. The polarization of the initial $e^{-}$ and $e^{+}$ beam, in case of $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collider, are used to increase the signal to background ratio, putting tighter constraints on the anomalous couplings. The polarization asymmetries are instrumental in the measurement of anomalous couplings should a deviation from the SM be observed.

   hep-phhep-ex7 citations
10. 10*

    Diabatic description of charmonium-like mesons

    R. Bruschini🇪🇸 · P. González🇪🇸

    We apply the diabatic formalism, first introduced in molecular physics, to the description of heavy-quark mesons. In this formalism the dynamics is completely described by a diabatic potential matrix whose elements can be derived from unquenched lattice QCD studies of string breaking. For energies far below the lowest open flavor meson-meson threshold, the resulting diabatic approach reduces to the well-known Born-Oppenheimer approximation where heavy-quark meson masses correspond to energy levels in an effective quark-antiquark potential. For energies close below or above that threshold, where the Born-Oppenheimer approximation fails, this approach provides a set of coupled Schrödinger equations incorporating meson-meson components nonperturbatively, i.e. beyond loop corrections. A spectral study of heavy mesons containing $c\overline{c}$ with masses below $4.1$ GeV is carried out within this framework. From it a unified description of conventional as well as unconventional resonances comes out.

    hep-phPRD(2020)·38 citations
11. 11*

    A study of charm quark dynamics in quark-gluon plasma with 3+1 D viscous hydrodynamics

    Manu Kurian🇮🇳 · Mayank Singh🇨🇦 · Vinod Chandra🇮🇳 · Sangyong Jeon🇨🇦 · Charles Gale🇨🇦

    The drag and diffusion coefficients are studied within the framework of Fokker-Planck dynamics for the case of a charm quark propagating in an expanding quark-gluon plasma. The space-time evolution of the nuclear matter created in the relativistic heavy-ion collision is modelled using MUSIC, a 3+1 D relativistic viscous hydrodynamic approach. The effect of viscous corrections to the heavy quark transport coefficients is explored by considering scattering processes with thermal quarks and gluons in the medium. It is observed that the momentum diffusion of the heavy quarks is sensitive to the shear and bulk viscosity to entropy ratios. The collisional energy loss of the charm quark in the viscous quark-gluon plasma is analyzed.

    hep-phnucl-exnucl-thPRC(2020)·31 citations
12. 12*

    Doubly Heavy Baryon Xi_cc Production in Upsilon (1S) Decay

    Shi-Yuan Li🇨🇳 · Zhen-Yang Li🇨🇳 · Zong-Guo Si🇨🇳 · Zhong-Juan Yang🇨🇳 · Xiao Zhang🇨🇳

    Upsilon (1S) decay to Xi_cc +anything is studied. It is shown that the branching ratio can be as significant as that of Upsilon (1S) decay to J/Psi +anything. The non-relativistic heavy quark effective theory framework is employed for the calculation on the decay width. Measurements on the production of Xi_cc and likely production characteristic of the partonic state with four charm quarks at BELLE2 are suggested.

    hep-phnucl-thPRD(2021)·10 citations
13. 13*

    A constraint on light primordial black holes from the interstellar medium temperature

    Hyungjin Kim🇮🇱

    Primordial black holes are a viable dark matter candidate. They decay via Hawking evaporation. Energetic particles from the Hawking radiation interact with interstellar gas, depositing their energy as heat and ionization. For a sufficiently high Hawking temperature, fast electrons produced by black holes deposit a substantial fraction of energy as heat through the Coulomb interaction. Using the dwarf galaxy Leo T, we place an upper bound on the fraction of primordial black hole dark matter. For $M<5\times 10^{-17}{M}_{\odot }$, our bound is competitive with or stronger than other bounds.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.GAMNRAS(2021)·77 citations
14. 14*

    Coulomb-nuclear interference effects in proton-proton scattering: A simple new eikonal approach

    Loyal Durand🇺🇸 · Phuoc Ha🇺🇸

    We present a simple new approach to the treatment of Coulomb-nuclear interference and form-factor effects in high-energy proton-proton scattering in the context of eikonal models for the scattering amplitude. We show that the corrections to the nuclear and Coulomb amplitudes do not depend sensitively on the details of the eikonal amplitude and can be taken as universal, and present parametrizations for the necessary corrections. We also present a simple model for the nuclear scattering amplitude useful for data analysis at small momentum transfer which builds in the proper nuclear phase and the diffraction zeros in the real and imaginary parts of the amplitude.

    hep-phPRD(2020)·12 citations
15. 15*

    Observable features in (ultra)high energy neutrinos due to active-sterile secret interactions

    Damiano F. G. Fiorillo🇮🇹 · Stefano Morisi🇮🇹 · Gennaro Miele🇮🇹 · Ninetta Saviano🇮🇹

    We consider the effects of active-sterile secret neutrino interactions, mediated by a new pseudoscalar particle, on high- and ultra high-energy neutrino fluxes. In particular, we focus on the case of 3 active and 1 sterile neutrino coupled by a flavor dependent interaction, extending the case of 1 active and 1 sterile neutrino we have recently examined. We find that, depending on the kind of interaction of sterile neutrino with the active sector, new regions of the parameter space for secret interactions are now allowed leading to interesting phenomenological implications on two benchmark fluxes we consider, namely an astrophysical power law flux, in the range below 100 PeV, and a cosmogenic flux, in the Ultrahigh energy range. First of all, the final active fluxes can present a measurable depletion observable in future experiments. Especially, in the case of only tau neutrino interacting, we find that the effects on the astrophysical power law flux can be so large to be already probed by the IceCube experiment. Moreover, we find intriguing features in the energy dependence of the flavor ratio.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEPRD(2020)·11 citations
16. 16*

    Complete Set of Dimension-9 Operators in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory

    Hao-Lin Li🇨🇳 · Zhe Ren🇨🇳 · Ming-Lei Xiao🇨🇳 · Jiang-Hao Yu🇨🇳 · Yu-Hui Zheng🇨🇳

    We present a complete and independent list of the dimension 9 operator basis in the Standard Model effective field theory by an automatic algorithm based on the amplitude-operator correspondence. A complete basis (y-basis) is first constructed by enumerating Young tableau of an auxiliary $SU(N)$ group and the gauge groups, with the equation-of-motion and integration-by-part redundancies all removed. In the presence of repeated fields, another basis (p-basis) with explicit flavor symmetries among them is derived from the y-basis, which further induces a basis of independent monomial operators through a systematic process called de-symmetrization. Our form of operators have advantages over the traditional way of presenting operators constrained by flavor relations, in the simplicity of both eliminating flavor redundancies and identifying independent flavor-specified operators. We list the 90456 (560) operators for three (one) generations of fermions, all of which violate baryon number or lepton number conservation; among them we find new violation patterns as $\Delta B=2$ and $\Delta L=3$, which only appear at the dimensions $d\ge 9$.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2021)·135 citations
17. 17*

    Light Dark Matter Scattering in Gravitational Wave Detectors

    Chun-Hao Lee🇹🇼 · Chrisna Setyo Nugroho🇹🇼 · Martin Spinrath🇹🇼

    We present prospects for discovering dark matter scattering in gravitational wave detectors. The focus of this work is on light, particle dark matter with masses below 1 GeV/c${}^2$. We investigate how a potential signal compares to typical backgrounds like thermal and quantum noise, first in a simple toy model and then using KAGRA as a realistic example. That shows that for a discovery much lighter and cooler mirrors would be needed. We also give some brief comments on space-based experiments and future atomic interferometers.

    hep-phastro-ph.IMhep-exEPJC(2020)·15 citations
18. 18*

    Where do IceCube neutrinos come from? Hints from the diffuse gamma-ray flux

    Antonio Capanema🇧🇷 · Arman Esmaili🇧🇷 · Pasquale Dario Serpico🇫🇷

    Despite the spectacular discovery of an astrophysical neutrino flux by IceCube in 2013, its origin remains a mystery. Whatever its sources, we expect the neutrino flux to be accompanied by a comparable gamma-ray flux. These photons should be degraded in energy by electromagnetic cascades and contribute to the diffuse GeV-TeV flux precisely measured by the Fermi-LAT. Population studies have also permitted to identify the main classes of contributors to this flux, which at the same time have not been associated with major neutrino sources in cross-correlation studies. These considerations allow one to set constraints on the origin and spectrum of the IceCube flux, in particular its low-energy part. We find that, even accounting for known systematic errors, the Fermi-LAT data exclude to at least 95% C.L. any extragalactic transparent source class, irrespective of its redshift evolution, if the neutrino spectrum extends to the TeV scale or below. If the neutrino spectrum has an abrupt cutoff at $\sim 10$ TeV, barely compatible with current observations, the tension can be reduced, but this way out requires a significant modification to the current understanding of the origin of the diffuse extragalactic gamma-ray flux at GeV energies. In contrast, these considerations do not apply if a sizable fraction of IceCube data originates within the Galactic halo (a scenario however typically in tension with other constraints) or from a yet unidentified class of "opaque" extragalactic emitters, which do not let the high-energy gamma rays get out.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEJCAP(2021)·47 citations
19. 19*

    Azimuthal single- and double-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic lepton scattering by transversely polarized protons

    HERMES Collaboration: A. Airapetian🇩🇪 · N. Akopov🇦🇲 · Z. Akopov🇩🇪 · E.C. Aschenauer🇩🇪 · W. Augustyniak🇵🇱 · R. Avakian🇦🇲 · A. Bacchetta🇮🇹 · S. Belostotski🇷🇺 · V. Bryzgalov🇷🇺 · G.P. Capitani🇮🇹 · E. Cisbani🇮🇹 · G. Ciullo🇮🇹 and 62 other authors

    A comprehensive set of azimuthal single-spin and double-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive leptoproduction of pions, charged kaons, protons, and antiprotons from transversely polarized protons is presented. These asymmetries include the previously published HERMES results on Collins and Sivers asymmetries, the analysis of which has been extended to include protons and antiprotons and also to an extraction in a three-dimensional kinematic binning and enlarged phase space. They are complemented by corresponding results for the remaining four single-spin and four double-spin asymmetries allowed in the one-photon-exchange approximation of the semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering process for target-polarization orientation perpendicular to the direction of the incoming lepton beam. Among those results, significant non-vanishing $\cos \varphi -{\varphi }_S$ modulations provide evidence for a sizable worm-gear (II) distribution, $g_{1T}$. Most of the other modulations are found to be consistent with zero with the notable exception of large $\sin {\varphi }_S$ modulations for charged pions and positive kaons.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phnucl-exJHEP(2020)·73 citations
20. 20*

    Extracting the temperature dependence in high-$p_{\perp }$ particle energy loss

    Stefan Stojku🇷🇸 · Bojana Ilic🇷🇸 · Marko Djordjevic🇷🇸 · Magdalena Djordjevic🇷🇸

    The suppression of high-$p_{\perp }$ particles is one of the main signatures of parton energy loss during its passing through the QGP medium, and is reasonably reproduced by different theoretical models. However, a decisive test of the reliability of a certain energy loss mechanism, apart from its path-length, is its temperature dependence. Despite its importance and comprehensive dedicated studies, this issue is still awaiting for more stringent constraints. To this end, we here propose a novel observable to extract temperature dependence exponent of high-$p_{\perp }$ particle's energy loss, based on $R_{AA}$. More importantly, by combining analytical arguments, full-fledged numerical calculations and comparison with experimental data, we argue that this observable is highly suited for testing (and rejecting) the long-standing $\Delta E/E\propto L^2{T}^3$ paradigm. The anticipated significant reduction of experimental errors will allow direct extraction of temperature dependence, by considering different centrality pair in $A+A$ collisions (irrespective of the nucleus size) in high-$p_{\perp }$ region. Overall, our results imply that this observable, which reflects the underlying energy loss mechanism, is very important to distinguish between different theoretical models.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRC(2021)·15 citations
21. 21*

    Missing in Action: New Physics and the Black Hole Mass Gap

    Djuna Croon🇨🇦 · Samuel D. McDermott🇺🇸 · Jeremy Sakstein🇺🇸

    We demonstrate the power of the black hole mass gap as a novel probe of fundamental physics. New light particles that couple to the Standard Model can act as an additional source of energy loss in the cores of population-III stars, dramatically altering their evolution. We investigate the effects of two paradigmatic weakly coupled, low-mass particles, axions and hidden photons, and find that the pulsational pair instability, which causes a substantial amount of mass loss, is suppressed. As a result, it is possible to form black holes of $72\text{msun}$ or heavier, deep inside the black hole mass gap predicted by the Standard Model. The upper edge of the mass gap is raised to $>130{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$, implying that heavier black holes, anticipated to be observed after LIGO's sensitivity is upgraded, would also be impacted. In contrast, thermally produced heavy particles would remain in the core, leading to the tantalizing possibility that they drive a new instability akin to the electron-positron pair instability. We investigate this effect analytically and find that stars that avoid the electron-positron pair instability could experience this new instability. We discuss our results in light of current and upcoming gravitational wave interferometer detections of binary black hole mergers.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR+1PRD(2020)·59 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.