Fri·Jun 12, 2020Friday·June 12, 2020

1. 01*

   Simple theory for scotogenic dark matter with residual matter-parity

   A. E. Cárcamo Hernández🇨🇱 · José W. F. Valle🇪🇸 · Carlos A. Vaquera-Araujo🇲🇽

   Dark matter stability can result from a residual matter-parity symmetry surviving spontaneous breaking of an extended gauge symmetry. We propose the simplest scotogenic dark matter completion of the original SVS theory (Phys.Rev. D22 (1980) 738), in which the "dark sector" particles as well as matter-parity find a natural theoretical origin in the model. We briefly comment on its main features.

   hep-phPLB(2020)·26 citations
2. 02*

   An analytic treatment of Quartic Hilltop Inflation

   Konstantinos Dimopoulos🇬🇧

   Quartic hilltop inflation remains one of the most successful inflationary models. Yet, the expectations of early treatments of hilltop inflation would contradict the observations and render the model excluded. However, recent numerical treatment has demonstrated that quartic hilltop inflation actually fares well with observations. In this work, a fully analytic treatment of the model aims to dispel the mystery surrounding the behaviour of quartic hilltop inflation. The results obtained are in excellent agreement with numerical works on the subject, yet offer simple analytic formulas to calculate observables and easily test thereby quartic hilltop inflation, hopefully revealing information on the theoretical background.

   hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qcPLB(2020)·28 citations
3. 03*

   Cosmic Flavor Hexagon for Ultrahigh-energy Neutrinos and Antineutrinos at Neutrino Telescopes

   Shun Zhou🇨🇳

   In this paper, we propose a hexagonal description for the flavor composition of ultrahigh-energy (UHE) neutrinos and antineutrinos, which will hopefully be determined at the future large neutrino telescopes. With such a geometrical description, we are able to clearly separate the individual flavor composition of neutrinos from that of antineutrinos in one single regular hexagon, which can be regarded as a natural generalization of the widely-used ternary plot. For illustration, we consider the $pp$ or $p\gamma$ collisions as the dominant production mechanism for UHE neutrinos and antineutrinos in the cosmic accelerator, and investigate how neutrino oscillations in the standard picture and in the presence of Lindblad decoherence could change the flavor composition of neutrinos and antineutrinos at neutrino telescopes.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-ex7 citations
4. 04*

   The $\cos 2\varphi$ azimuthal asymmetry in ${\rho }^0$ meson production in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions

   Hongxi Xing🇨🇳 · Cheng Zhang🇨🇳 · Jian Zhou🇨🇳 · Ya-Jin Zhou🇨🇳

   We present a detailed study of vector meson photoproduction in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions (UPCs). Using the dipole model, we develop a framework for the joint impact parameter and transverse momentum dependent cross sections. We compute the unpolarized cross section and $\cos 2\varphi$ azimuthal angular correlation for ${\rho }^0$ photoproduction with $\varphi$ defined as the angle between the ${\rho }^0$'s transverse momentum and its decay product pion meson's transverse momentum. Our result on unpolarized coherent differential cross section gives excellent description to the STAR experimental data. A first comparison between theoretical calculation and experimental measurement on the $\cos 2\varphi$ azimuthal asymmetry, which results from the linearly polarized photons, is performed and reasonable agreement is reached. We find out the characteristic diffractive patterns at both RHIC and LHC energies and predict the impact parameter dependent $\cos 2\varphi$ azimuthal asymmetries for ${\rho }^0$ photoproduction by considering UPCs and peripheral collisions. The future experimental measurements at RHIC and LHC relevant to our calculations will provide a tool to rigorously investigate the coherent and incoherent production of vector meson in UPCs, as well as to probe the nuclear structure in heavy ion collisions.

   hep-phJHEP(2020)·58 citations
5. 05*

   Searches for dark matter via charged Higgs pair production in the Inert Doublet Model at $\gamma \gamma$ collider

   Yang Guo-He🇨🇳 · Song Mao🇨🇳 · Li Gang🇨🇳 · Zhang Yu🇨🇳 · Guo Jian-You🇨🇳

   The Inert Doublet Model(IDM) is one of the simplest extensions beyond Standard Model(SM) with an extended scalar sector, which provide a scalar dark matter particle candidate. In this paper, we investigate the double charged Higgs production at $\gamma \gamma$ collider. By scanning the whole parameter space, we obtain the parameter points corresponding to the correct relic abundance of dark matter. After applying all theoretical and experimental constraints, the parameter space for the existence of dark matter is extremely restricted. We perform the analysis for the signal of $H^{+}{H}^{-}$ production in the IDM and the SM backgrounds, and the optimized selection conditions are chosen in kinematic variables to maximize signal significance. Comparing signal with backgrounds, we obtain the parameter points which can be detected at future $\gamma \gamma$ collider experiments.

   hep-phCPC(2021)·10 citations
6. 06*

   Strong decays of the $\Xi (1620)$ as a $\Lambda \bar{K}$ and $\Sigma \bar{K}$ molecule

   Yin Huang🇨🇳 · Lisheng Geng🇨🇳

   In this work, we study the strong decays of the newly observed $\Xi (1620{)}^0$ assuming that it is a meson-baryon molecular state of $\Lambda \bar{K}$ and $\Sigma \bar{K}$. We consider four possible spin-parity assignments $J^P=1/2^{\pm }$ and $3/2^{\pm }$ for the $\Xi (1620{)}^0$, and evaluate its partial decay width into $\Xi \pi$ via hadronic loops with the help of effective Lagrangians. In comparison with the Belle data, the calculated decay width favors the spin-party assignment $1/2^{-}$ while the other spin-parity assignments do not yield a decay width consistent with data in the molecule picture. We find that about $52\%$-$68\%$ of the total width comes from the $\bar{K}\Lambda$ channel, while the rest is provided by the $\bar{K}\Sigma$ channel. As a result, both channels are important in explaining the strong decay of the $\Xi (1620{)}^0$. This information is helpful to further understand the nature of the $\Xi (1620{)}^0$.

   hep-phnucl-thEPJC(2020)·13 citations
7. 07*

   Massive Event-Shape Distributions at N${}^2$LL

   Alejandro Bris🇪🇸 · Vicent Mateu🇪🇸 · Moritz Preisser🇦🇹

   In a recent paper we have shown how to optimally compute the differential and cumulative cross sections for massive event-shapes at $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s)$ in full QCD. In the present article we complete our study by obtaining resummed expressions for non-recoil-sensitive observables to N${}^2$LL + $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s)$ precision. Our results can be used for thrust, heavy jet mass and C-parameter distributions in any massive scheme, and are easily generalized to angularities and other event shapes. We show that the so-called E- and P-schemes coincide in the collinear limit, and compute the missing pieces to achieve this level of accuracy: the P-scheme massive jet function in Soft-Collinear Effective Theory (SCET) and boosted Heavy Quark Effective Theory (bHQET). The resummed expression is subsequently matched into fixed-order QCD to extend its validity towards the tail and far-tail of the distribution. The computation of the jet function cannot be cast as the discontinuity of a forward-scattering matrix element, and involves phase space integrals in $d=4-2\epsilon$ dimensions. We show how to analytically solve the renormalization group equation for the P-scheme SCET jet function, which is significantly more complicated than its 2-jettiness counterpart, and derive rapidly-convergent expansions in various kinematic regimes. Finally, we perform a numerical study to pin down when mass effects become more relevant.

   hep-phJHEP(2020)·23 citations
8. 08*

   Cosmological analogies in the search for new physics in high-energy collisions

   Miguel-Angel Sanchis-Lozano🇪🇸 · Edward K. Sarkisyan-Grinbaum🇨🇭 · Juan-Luis Domenech-Garret🇪🇸 · Nicolas Sanchis-Gual🇵🇹

   In this paper, analogies between multiparticle production in high-energy collisions and the time evolution of the early universe are discussed. A common explanation is put forward under the assumption of an unconventional early state: a rapidly expanding universe before recombination (last scattering surface), followed by the CMB, later evolving up to present days, versus the formation of hidden/dark states in hadronic collisions followed by a conventional QCD parton shower yielding final-state particles. In particular, long-range angular correlations are considered pointing out deep connections between the two physical cases potentially useful for the discovery of new physics.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2020)·2 citations
9. 09*

   Effects of long-range forces on the D-term and the energy-momentum structure

   Mira Varma🇺🇸 · Peter Schweitzer🇺🇸

   The hadronic form factors of the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) have attracted considerable interest in recent literature. This concerns especially the D-term form factor D(t) with its appealing interpretation in terms of internal forces. With their focus on hadron structure, theoretical studies so far have concentrated on strongly interacting systems with short-range forces. Effects on the EMT due to long-range forces like the electromagnetic interaction have not yet been studied. Electromagnetic forces play a small role in the balance of forces inside the proton, but their long-range nature introduces new features which are not present in systems with short-range forces. We use a simple but consistent classical field theoretical model of the proton to show how the presence of long-range forces alters some notions taken for granted in short-range systems. Our results imply that a more careful definition of the D-term is required when long-range forces are present.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2020)·40 citations
10. 10*

    Invertible Networks or Partons to Detector and Back Again

    Marco Bellagente🇩🇪 · Anja Butter🇩🇪 · Gregor Kasieczka🇩🇪 · Tilman Plehn🇩🇪 · Armand Rousselot🇩🇪 · Ramon Winterhalder🇩🇪 · Lynton Ardizzone · Ullrich Köthe🇩🇪

    For simulations where the forward and the inverse directions have a physics meaning, invertible neural networks are especially useful. A conditional INN can invert a detector simulation in terms of high-level observables, specifically for ZW production at the LHC. It allows for a per-event statistical interpretation. Next, we allow for a variable number of QCD jets. We unfold detector effects and QCD radiation to a pre-defined hard process, again with a per-event probabilistic interpretation over parton-level phase space.

    hep-phSciPost Phys.(2020)·145 citations
11. 11*

    Turning up and down strong magnetic fields in relativistic nuclear collisions

    Giuliano Giacalone🇫🇷

    I show that the average transverse momentum, $⟨p_t⟩$, of the hadrons emitted in relativistic nuclear collisions can be used as a ``knob'' to control the strength of the magnetic field induced by the spectator and the participant protons over the overlap region. I thus argue that any observable sensitive to this magnetic field is nontrivially correlated with $⟨p_t⟩$ at a given collision centrality.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-exhep-phnucl-exPLB(2020)·2 citations
12. 12*

    Supercritical String Cosmology drains the Swampland

    John Ellis🇬🇧 · Nick Mavromatos🇬🇧 · Dimitri Nanopoulos🇺🇸

    The First and Second Swampland Conjectures (FSC & SSC) are substantially modified in non-critical string cosmology, in which cosmic time is identified with the time-like Liouville mode of the supercritical string. In this scenario the Friedmann equation receives additional contributions due to the non-criticality of the string. These are potentially important when one seeks to apply the Bousso bound for the entropy of states that may become light as the dilaton takes on trans-Planckian values, as in a de Sitter phase, and restore consistency with the FSC and in at least some cases also the SSC. The weak gravity conjecture (WGC) for scalar potentials is saturated in the supercritical string scenarios discussed in this work, but only if one uses the dilaton as appears in the string effective action, with a kinetic term that is not canonically normalised. In the case of a non-critical Starobinsky potential, the WGC is satisfied by both the canonically-normalised dilaton and the dilaton used in the string effective action.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phPRD(2020)·9 citations
13. 13*

    From dwarf galaxies to galaxy clusters: Self-Interacting Dark Matter over 7 orders of magnitude in halo mass

    Kyrylo Bondarenko🇨🇭 · Anastasia Sokolenko🇦🇹 · Alexey Boyarsky🇳🇱 · Andrew Robertson🇬🇧 · David Harvey🇳🇱 · Yves Revaz🇨🇭

    In this paper we study the density profiles of self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) haloes spanning the full observable mass range, from dwarf galaxies to galaxy clusters. Using realistic simulations that model the baryonic physics relevant for galaxy formation, we compare the density profiles of haloes simulated with either SIDM or cold and collisionless dark matter (CDM) to those inferred from observations of stellar velocity dispersion, gas rotation curves, weak and strong gravitational lensing, and/or X-ray maps. We make our comparison in terms of the maximal surface density of haloes, circumventing the need for semi-analytic or parametric models for dark matter density profiles. We find that the maximal surface density as a function of halo mass is well reproduced by CDM simulations that include baryons, while for SIDM with a velocity-independent cross-section of 1 cm${}^2/$g, the simulated galaxy clusters have mean maximal surface densities that are below those of observed systems by an amount greater than the standard deviation of the observed maximal surface density at fixed mass. For less massive systems both CDM and SIDM agree with the observation equally well.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2021)·26 citations
14. 14*

    Non-local self-healing of Higgs inflation

    Alexey S. Koshelev🇵🇹 · Anna Tokareva🇷🇺

    Higgs inflation is known to be a minimal extension of the Standard Model allowing for the description of the early Universe inflation. This model is considered as an effective field theory since it has a relatively low cutoff scale, thus requiring further extensions to be a valid description of the reheating phase. We present a novel unified approach to the problem of unitarization and UV completion of the Higgs inflation model without introducing new massive degrees of freedom. This approach is based on an analytic infinite derivative modification of the Higgs field kinetic term. We construct a unitary non-local UV completion of the original Higgs inflation model while the inflationary stage is kept stable with respect to quantum corrections.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phPRD(2020)·28 citations
15. 15*

    Tidal Effects in the Post-Minkowskian Expansion

    Clifford Cheung🇺🇸 · Mikhail P. Solon🇺🇸

    Tools from scattering amplitudes and effective field theory have recently been repurposed to derive state-of-the-art results for the black hole binary inspiral in the post-Minkowskian expansion. In the present work we extend this approach to include the tidal effects of mass and current quadrupoles on the conservative dynamics of non-spinning neutron star mergers. We compute the leading and, for the first time, next-to-leading order post-Minkowskian finite size corrections to the conservative Hamiltonian, together with their associated scattering amplitudes and scattering angles. Our expressions are gauge invariant and, in the extreme mass ratio limit, consistent with the dynamics of a tidally deformed test body in a Schwarzschild background. Furthermore, they agree completely with existing results at leading post-Minkowskian and second post-Newtonian orders.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phPRL(2020)·142 citations
16. 16*

    Simulating the "hidden giant" in cold and self-interacting dark matter models

    Omid Sameie🇺🇸 · Sukanya Chakrabarti🇺🇸 · Hai-Bo Yu🇺🇸 · Michael Boylan-Kolchin🇺🇸 · Mark Vogelsberger🇺🇸 · Jesus Zavala🇮🇸 · Lars Hernquist🇺🇸

    We perform a series of controlled N-body simulations to study realizations of the recently discovered Antlia 2 galaxy in cold dark matter (CDM) and self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) scenarios. Our simulations contain six benchmark models, where we vary the initial halo concentration and the self-scattering cross section. We adopt well-motivated initial stellar and halo masses, and our fiducial orbit has a small pericenter. After evolving in the Milky Way's tidal field, the simulated galaxies experience significant mass loss and their stellar distributions expand accordingly. These tidal effects are more prominent if the initial halo concentration is lower and if the self-scattering cross section is larger. Our results show that Antlia 2-like galaxies could be realized in CDM if the halo concentration is low and the stellar distribution is diffuse at the infall time, while these conditions could be relaxed in SIDM. We also find all the simulated galaxies predict approximately the same stellar velocity dispersion after imposing selection criteria for stellar particles. This has important implications for testing dark matter models using tidally disturbed systems.

    ↳ astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COhep-ph11 citations
17. 17*

    Resolving the Hubble Tension with New Early Dark Energy

    Florian Niedermann🇩🇰 · Martin S. Sloth🇩🇰

    New Early Dark Energy (NEDE) is a component of vacuum energy at the electron volt scale, which decays in a first-order phase transition shortly before recombination [arXiv:1910.10739]. The NEDE component has the potential to resolve the tension between recent local measurements of the expansion rate of the Universe using supernovae (SN) data and the expansion rate inferred from the early Universe through measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) when assuming $\Lambda$CDM. We discuss in depth the two-scalar field model of the NEDE phase transition including the process of bubble percolation, collision, and coalescence. We also estimate the gravitational wave signal produced during the collision phase and argue that it can be searched for using pulsar timing arrays. In a second step, we construct an effective cosmological model, which describes the phase transition as an instantaneous process, and derive the covariant equations that match perturbations across the transition surface. Fitting the cosmological model to CMB, baryonic acoustic oscillations and SN data, we report $H_0=69.6_{-1.3}^{+1.0}\text{km}{\text{s}}^{-1}{\text{Mpc}}^{-1}$ $(68\%$ C.L.) without the local measurement of the Hubble parameter, bringing the tension down to $2.5\sigma$. Including the local input, we find $H_0=71.4\pm 1.0\text{km}{\text{s}}^{-1}{\text{Mpc}}^{-1}$ $(68\%$ C.L.) and strong evidence for a non-vanishing NEDE component with a $\simeq 4\sigma$ significance.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPRD(2020)·276 citations
18. 18*

    UV Shadows in EFTs: Accidental Symmetries, Robustness and No-Scale Supergravity

    C.P. Burgess🇨🇦 · Michele Cicoli🇮🇹 · David Ciupke🇮🇹 · Sven Krippendorf🇩🇪 · Fernando Quevedo🇬🇧

    We argue that accidental approximate scaling symmetries are robust predictions of weakly coupled string vacua, and show that their interplay with supersymmetry and other (generalised) internal symmetries underlies the ubiquitous appearance of no-scale supergravities in low-energy 4D EFTs. We identify 4 nested types of no-scale supergravities, and show how leading quantum corrections can break scale invariance while preserving some no-scale properties (including non-supersymmetric flat directions). We use these ideas to classify corrections to the low-energy 4D supergravity action in perturbative 10D string vacua, including both bulk and brane contributions. Our prediction for the Kähler potential at any fixed order in ${\alpha }^{\prime }$ and string loops agrees with all extant calculations. p-form fields play two important roles: they spawn many (generalised) shift symmetries; and space-filling 4-forms teach 4D physics about higher-dimensional phenomena like flux quantisation. We argue that these robust symmetry arguments suffice to understand obstructions to finding classical de Sitter vacua, and suggest how to get around them in UV complete models.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phFortsch.Phys.(2020)·67 citations
19. 19*

    Duality and Supersymmetry Constraints on the Weak Gravity Conjecture

    Gregory J. Loges🇺🇸 · Toshifumi Noumi🇯🇵 · Gary Shiu🇺🇸

    Positivity bounds coming from consistency of UV scattering amplitudes are in general insufficient to prove the weak gravity conjecture for theories beyond Einstein-Maxwell. Additional ingredients about the UV may be necessary to exclude those regions of parameter space which are naïvely in conflict with the predictions of the weak gravity conjecture. In this paper we explore the consequences of imposing additional symmetries inherited from the UV theory on higher-derivative operators for Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton-axion theory. Using black hole thermodynamics, for a preserved SL($2,\mathbb{R}$) symmetry we find that the weak gravity conjecture then does follow from positivity bounds. For a preserved O($d,d;\mathbb{R}$) symmetry we find a simple condition on the two Wilson coefficients which ensures the positivity of corrections to the charge-to-mass ratio and that follows from the null energy condition alone. We find that imposing supersymmetry on top of either of these symmetries gives corrections which vanish identically, as expected for BPS states.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phJHEP(2020)·51 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.