Mon·Apr 13, 2020Monday·April 13, 2020

1. 01*

   Complete predictions for high-energy neutrino propagation in matter

   Alfonso Garcia🇳🇱 · Rhorry Gauld🇳🇱 · Aart Heijboer🇳🇱 · Juan Rojo🇳🇱

   We present predictions for the interactions of energetic neutrinos with matter as they propagate through Earth towards large-volume detectors. Our results are based on state-of-the-art calculations of the high-energy neutrino-matter interaction cross-sections, which we have implemented in the HEDIS module of GENIE. In addition to the dominant interaction process, deep inelastic scattering off quarks and gluons, we include the relevant subdominant channels: (in)elastic scattering off the photon field of nucleons, coherent scattering off the photon field of nuclei, as well as the scattering on atomic electrons via the Glashow resonance. Our predictions for the neutrino attenuation rates are provided by a new software package, NuPropEarth. We quantify the dependence of our results on the cross-section model, including nuclear corrections, the incidence angle, and the spectral index, and compare them with other publicly available tools.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEJCAP(2020)·103 citations
2. 02*

   Inclusive electron scattering off ${}^{12}$C, ${}^{40}$Ca, and ${}^{40}$Ar: effects of the meson exchange currents

   A. V. Butkevich🇷🇺 · S. V. Luchuk🇷🇺

   The scattering of electrons on carbon, calcium, and argon targets are analyzed using an approach that incorporates the contributions to the electromagnetic response functions from the quasielastic (QE), inelastic processes, and two-particle and two-hole meson exchange current ($2p-2h$ MEC). This approach describes well the whole energy spectrum of data at very different kinematics. It is shown that the accuracy of the $(e,e^{\prime })$ cross section calculations in the region between the QE and delta-resonance peaks, where the $2p-2h$ MEC contribution reaches its maximum value, depends on the momentum transfer $|\text{q}|$ and at $|\text{q}|>500$ MeV the calculated and measured cross sections are in agreement within the experimental uncertainties.

   hep-phnucl-thPRC(2020)·7 citations
3. 03*

   On the progenitor quark mass matrix

   Jihn E. Kim🇰🇷 · Se-Jin Kim

   We determined the quark mass matrix in terms of a small expansion parameter $\sqrt{\epsilon }$, which gives correctly all the quark masses and the CKM matrix elements at the electroweak (EW) scale, and obtain a progenitor form at the GUT scale by running the EW scale mass matrix. Finally, a possible texture form for the progenitor quark mass matrix is suggested.

   hep-phhep-exJ.Korean Phys.Soc.(2020)·2 citations
4. 04*

   Spin splitting spectroscopy of heavy quark anti quark systems

   Hesham Mansour🇪🇬 · Ahmed Gamal🇪🇬 · M.Abolmahasen

   Phenomenological potentials describe the quarkonium systems like Charmonia, Bottomonia and $B_c$ Meson. They give a good accuracy for the mass spectra. In the present work we extend one of our previous works in the central case by adding spin dependent terms to allow for relativistic corrections. By using non central terms, we get better accuracy than other previous theoretical calculation. In the present work, the mass spectra of the bound states of heavy quarks are studied within the framework of the non relativistic Schrodinger s equation. First, we solve Schrodinger's equation by Nikiforov Uvarov (NU) method. The energy eigenvalues are presented using a non central potential. The results obtained are in good agreement with the experiment and are better than previous theoretical estimates.

   hep-phAdv.High Energy Phys.(2020)·4 citations
5. 05*

   Universality driven analytic structure of QCD crossover: radius of convergence and QCD critical point

   Andrew Connelly🇺🇸 · Gregory Johnson🇺🇸 · Swagato Mukherjee🇺🇸 · Vladimir Skokov🇺🇸

   Recent lattice QCD calculations show strong indications that the crossover of QCD at zero baryon chemical potential (${\mu }_B$) is a remnant of the second order chiral phase transition. The non-universal parameters needed to map temperature $T$ and ${\mu }_B$ to the universal properties of the second order chiral phase transition were determined by lattice QCD calculations. Motivated by these advances, first, we discuss the analytic structure of the partition function -- the so-called Yang-Lee edge singularity -- in the QCD crossover regime, solely based on universal properties. Then, utilizing the lattice calculated non-universal parameters, we map this singularity to the real $T$ and complex ${\mu }_B$ plane, in order to find the radius of convergence for a Taylor series expansion of QCD partition function around ${\mu }_B=0$ in the QCD crossover regime. Our most important findings are: (i) An universality-based estimate of the radius of convergence around ${\mu }_B=0$; (ii) Universality and lattice QCD based constraints on the location of the QCD critical point in the $T-{\mu }_B$ plane.

   hep-phNPA(2021)·12 citations
6. 06*

   Cosmic Gamma Ray Constraints on the Indirect Effects of Dark Matter

   Konstantin M. Belotsky🇷🇺 · Airat Kh. Kamaletdinov🇷🇺 · Ekaterina S. Shlepkina🇷🇺 · Maxim L. Solovyov🇷🇺

   The observed anomalous excess of high-energy cosmic ray (CR) positrons is widely discussed as possible indirect evidence for dark matter (DM). However, any source of cosmic positrons is inevitably the source of gamma radiation. The least model dependent test of CR anomalies interpretation via DM particles decays (or annihilation) is connected with gamma-ray background due to gamma overproduction in such processes. In this work, we impose an observational constraint on gamma ray production from DM. Then, we study the possible suppression of gamma yield in the DM decays into identical final fermions. Such DM particles arise in the multi-component dark atom model. The influence of the interaction vertices on the gamma suppression was also considered. No essential gamma suppression effects are found. However, some minor ones are revealed.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEParticles(2020)·5 citations
7. 07*

   Generalizing the Scotogenic model

   Pablo Escribano🇪🇸 · Mario Reig🇪🇸 · Avelino Vicente🇪🇸

   The Scotogenic model is an economical setup that induces Majorana neutrino masses at the 1-loop level and includes a dark matter candidate. We discuss a generalization of the original Scotogenic model with arbitrary numbers of generations of singlet fermion and inert doublet scalar fields. First, the full form of the light neutrino mass matrix is presented, with some comments on its derivation and with special attention to some particular cases. The behavior of the theory at high energies is explored by solving the Renormalization Group Equations.

   hep-phJHEP(2020)·63 citations
8. 08*

   Unitarity Constraints on Anomalous Quartic Couplings

   Eduardo da Silva Almeida🇧🇷 · O. J. P. Éboli🇧🇷 · M. C. Gonzalez-Garcia🇺🇸

   We obtain the partial-wave unitarity constraints on the lowest-dimension effective operators which generate anomalous quartic gauge couplings but leave the triple gauge couplings unaffected. We consider operator expansions with linear and nonlinear realizations of the electroweak symmetry and explore the multidimensional parameter space of the coefficients of the relevant operators: 20 dimension-eight operators in the linear expansion and 5 $\mathcal{O}(p^4)$ operators in the derivative expansion. We study two-to-two scattering of electroweak gauge bosons and Higgs bosons taking into account all coupled channels and all possible helicity amplitudes for the $J=0,1$ partial waves. In general, the bounds degrade by factors of a few when several operator coefficients are considered non-vanishing simultaneously. However, this requires to consider constraints from both $J=0$ and $J=1$ partial waves for some sets of operators.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2020)·91 citations
9. 09*

   No static regular black holes in Einstein-complex-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity

   Kai Lin🇨🇳 · Shaojun Zhang🇨🇳 · Chao Zhang🇺🇸 · Xiang Zhao🇺🇸 · Bin Wang🇨🇳 · Anzhong Wang🇺🇸

   In this brief report, we investigate the existence of 4-dimensional static spherically symmetric black holes (BHs) in the Einstein-complex-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet (EcsGB) gravity with an arbitrary potential $V(\varphi )$ and a coupling $f(\varphi )$ between the scalar field $\varphi$ and the Gauss-Bonnet (GB) term. We find that static regular BH solutions with complex scalar hairs do not exist. This conclusion does not depend on the coupling between the GB term and the scalar field, nor on the scalar potential $V(\varphi )$ and the presence of a cosmological constant $\Lambda$ (which can be either positive or negative), as longer as the scalar field remains complex and is regular across the horizon.

   ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.GAhep-phhep-thPRD(2020)·19 citations
10. 10*

    Neutrino Oscillations and Non-standard Interactions with KM3NeT-ORCA

    Nafis Rezwan Khan Chowdhury (for the KM3NeT Collaboration)🇪🇸

    ORCA (Oscillations Research with Cosmics in the Abyss) is the low-energy node of KM3NeT, the next generation underwater Cherenkov neutrino detector in the Mediterranean sea. The primary goal of KM3NeT-ORCA is the determination of the neutrino mass ordering (NMO). With an energy threshold of few GeV and an effective mass of several Mtons, KM3NeT-ORCA can also make precision measurements of atmospheric oscillation parameters. Moreover, its access to a wide range of energies and baselines makes it optimal to discover exotic physics beyond the Standard Model such as Non-Standard Interactions (NSI) of neutrinos. The sensitivity of the detector to the neutrino mass ordering is presented, along with its potential for determination of the atmospheric oscillation parameters. It is observed that KM3NeT-ORCA will improve the current upper limits on NSI parameters by an order of magnitude after three years of data taking.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph3 citations
11. 11*

    The $H_0$ tension: $\Delta G_N$ vs. $\Delta N_{\mathrm{eff}}$

    Guillermo Ballesteros🇪🇸 · Alessio Notari🇪🇸 · Fabrizio Rompineve🇺🇸

    We investigate whether the $4.4\sigma$ tension on $H_0$ between SH${}_0$ES 2019 and Planck 2018 can be alleviated by a variation of Newton's constant $G_N$ between the early and the late Universe. This changes the Hubble rate before recombination, similarly to adding $\Delta N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ extra relativistic degrees of freedom. We implement a varying $G_N$ in a scalar-tensor theory of gravity, with a non-minimal coupling $(M^2+\beta {\varphi }^2)R$. If the scalar $\varphi$ starts in the radiation era at an initial value ${\varphi }_I\sim 0.5M_p$ and with $\beta <0$, a dynamical transition occurs naturally around the epoch of matter-radiation equality and the field evolves towards zero at late times. As a consequence, the $H_0$ tension between SH${}_0$ES (2019) and Planck 2018+BAO slightly decreases, as in $\Delta N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ models, to the 3.8$\sigma$ level. We then perform a fit to a combined Planck, BAO and supernovae (SH${}_0$ES and Pantheon) dataset. When including local constraints on Post-Newtonian (PN) parameters, we find $H_0=69.08_{-0.71}^{+0.6}\text{km/s/Mpc}$ and a marginal improvement of $\Delta {\chi }^2\simeq -3.2$ compared to $\Lambda$CDM, at the cost of 2 extra parameters. In order to take into account scenarios where local constraints could be evaded, we also perform a fit without PN constraints and find $H_0=69.65_{-0.78}^{+0.8}\text{km/s/Mpc}$ and a more significant improvement $\Delta {\chi }^2=-5.4$ with 2 extra parameters. For comparison, we find that the $\Delta N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ model gives $H_0=70.08_{-0.95}^{+0.91}\text{km/s/Mpc}$ and $\Delta {\chi }^2=-3.4$ at the cost of one extra parameter, which disfavors the $\Lambda$CDM limit just above 2$\sigma$, since $\Delta N_{\mathrm{eff}}=0.34_{-0.16}^{+0.15}$. Overall, our varying $G_N$ model performs similarly to the $\Delta N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ model in respect to the $H_0$ tension, if a physical mechanism to remove PN constraints can be implemented.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2020)·108 citations
12. 12*

    Radio-emission of axion stars

    D.G. Levkov🇷🇺 · A.G. Panin🇷🇺 · I.I. Tkachev🇷🇺

    We study parametric instability of compact axion dark matter structures decaying to radiophotons. Corresponding objects - Bose (axion) stars, their clusters, and clouds of diffuse axions - form abundantly in the postinflationary Peccei-Quinn scenario. We develop general description of parametric resonance incorporating finite-volume effects, backreaction, axion velocities and their (in)coherence. With additional coarse-graining, our formalism reproduces kinetic equation for virialized axions interacting with photons. We derive conditions for the parametric instability in each of the above objects, as well as in collapsing axion stars, evaluate photon resonance modes and their growth exponents. As a by-product, we calculate stimulated emission of Bose stars and diffuse axions, arguing that the former can give larger contribution into the radiobackground. In the case of QCD axions, the Bose stars glow and collapsing stars radioburst if the axion-photon coupling exceeds the original KSVZ value by two orders of magnitude. The latter constraint is alleviated for several nearby axion stars in resonance and absent for axion-like particles. Our results show that the parametric effect may reveal itself in observations, from FRB to excess radiobackground.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAhep-phphysics.opticsPRD(2020)·84 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.