Thu·Apr 9, 2020Thursday·April 9, 2020

1. 01*

   Spectra and Decay Constants of $B_c$-like and $B_0^{\ast }$ Mesons in QCD

   Stephan Narison (LUPM-CNRS-IN2P2, Montpellier)🇫🇷

   Using the existing state of art of the QCD expressions of the two-point correlators into the Inverse Laplace sum rules (LSR) within stability criteria, we present a first analysis of the spectra and decay constants of B_c-like scalar (0^{++}) and axial-vector (1^{++}) mesons and revisit the ones of the B^*_c(1^{--}) vector meson. Improved predictions are obtained by combining these LSR results with the some mass-splittings from Heavy Quark Symmetry (HQS). We complete the analysis by revisiting the B^*_{0}(0^{++}) mass which might be likely identified with the B^*_J(5732) experimental candidate. The results for the spectra collected in Table 2 are compared with some recent lattice and potential models ones. New estimates of the decay constants are given in Table 3.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-thPLB(2020)·14 citations
2. 02*

   On the consistency of a non-Hermitian Yukawa interaction

   Jean Alexandre🇬🇧 · Nick E. Mavromatos🇬🇧

   We study different properties of an anti-Hermitian Yukawa interaction, motivated by a scenario of radiative anomalous generation of masses for the right-handed sterile neutrinos. The model, involving either a pseudo-scalar or a scalar, is consistent both at the classical and quantum levels, and particular attention is given to its properties under improper Lorentz transformations. The path integral is consistently defined with a Euclidean signature, and we discuss the energetics of the model, which show that no dynamical mass generation can occur, unless extra interactions are considered.

   hep-phhep-thPLB(2020)·26 citations
3. 03*

   Mass sum rules of the electron in quantum electrodynamics

   S. Rodini (Pavia U. and INFN, Pavia)🇮🇹 · A. Metz (Temple U.)🇺🇸 · B. Pasquini (Pavia U. and INFN, Pavia)🇮🇹

   Different decompositions of the nucleon mass, in terms of the masses and energies of the underlying constituents, have been proposed in the literature. We explore the corresponding sum rules in quantum electrodynamics for an electron at one-loop order in perturbation theory. To this end we compute the form factors of the energy-momentum tensor, by paying particular attention to the renormalization of ultraviolet divergences, operator mixing and scheme dependence. We clarify the expressions of all the proposed sum rules in the electron rest frame in terms of renormalized operators. Furthermore, we consider the same sum rules in a moving frame, where they become energy decompositions. Finally, we discuss some implications of our study on the mass sum rules for the nucleon.

   hep-phhep-latnucl-thJHEP(2020)·36 citations
4. 04*

   Neutrino condensation from a New Higgs Interaction

   Alan Chodos🇺🇸 · Fred Cooper🇺🇸

   We study the consequences of having a new interaction between neutrinos and a Higgs scalar. We find that there are two possible attractive channels in the resulting effective 4-fermi theory which lead to a neutrino condensation in cosmic neutrinos and the creation of a neutrino superfluid at low temperatures and finite density. We find that at the minimum of the effective potential V the condensates are mostly made up of pairs of left-left+ right-right composites, with a slight admixture of left-right + right-left composites.

   hep-phhep-thPRD(2020)·5 citations
5. 05*

   Transverse single spin asymmetry $A_{UT}^{\sin ({\varphi }_h-{\varphi }_S)}$ for single hadron production in SIDIS

   Xuan Luo🇨🇳 · Hao Sun🇨🇳

   In this paper we study the single spin asymmetry $A_{UT}^{\sin ({\varphi }_h-{\varphi }_S)}$ of a single hadron production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) within the framework of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) factorization up to next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) order of QCD. The asymmetry is contributed by the convolution of the Sivers function and the unpolarized fragmentation function. Specifically, the Sivers function in the coordinate space and perturbative region can be represented as the convolution of the $C$-coefficients and the corresponding collinear correlation functions, among which the Qiu-Sterman function is the most relevant one. We perform a detailed phenomenological analysis of the Sivers asymmetry at the kinematics of the HERMES and the COMPASS measurements. It is found that the obtained $x_B$-, $z_h$- and $P_{h\perp }$-dependent asymmetries are basically consistent with the HERMES and the COMPASS measurements.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2020)·8 citations
6. 06*

   Dependence of temperatures and kinetic freeze-out volume on centrality in Au-Au and Pb-Pb collisions at high energy

   Muhammad Waqas🇨🇳 · Fu-Hu Liu🇨🇳 · Zafar Wazir🇵🇰

   Centrality-dependent double-differential transverse momentum spectra of negatively charged particles (${\pi }^{-}$, $K^{-}$ and $\bar{p}$) at mid-(pseudo)rapidity interval in nuclear collisions are analyzed by the standard distribution in terms of multi-component. The experimental data measured in gold-gold (Au-Au) collisions by the PHENIX Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and in lead-lead (Pb-Pb) collisions by the ALICE Collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are studied. The effective temperature, initial temperature, kinetic freeze-out temperature, transverse flow velocity and kinetic freeze-out volume are extracted from the fitting to transverse momentum spectra. We observed, that the mentioned five quantities increase with the increase of event centrality due to the fact that the average transverse momentum increases with the increase of event centrality. This renders that larger momentum (energy) transfer and further multiple-scattering had happened in central centrality.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thAdv.High Energy Phys.(2020)·30 citations
7. 07*

   Do short-range correlations cause the nuclear EMC effect in the deuteron?

   X. G. Wang🇦🇺 · A. W. Thomas🇦🇺 · W. Melnitchouk🇺🇸

   The relative contributions to the valence nuclear EMC effect in the deuteron arising from off-shell effects and Fermi motion are examined in models which include nuclear binding and off-shell effects. Contrary to expectations, the effect of Fermi motion overwhelms the off-shell effects for nucleons in short-range correlations (SRCs), calling into question the hypothesized causal connection between SRCs and the EMC effect.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thPRL(2021)·24 citations
8. 08*

   Multi-Parton Interactions in pp collisions from Machine Learning-based regression

   Antonio Ortiz🇲🇽 · Antonio Paz🇲🇽 · Jose D. Romo🇲🇽 · Sushanta Tripathy🇲🇽 · Erik A. Zepeda🇲🇽 · Irais Bautista🇲🇽

   Multi-Parton Interactions (MPI) in pp collisions have attracted the attention of the heavy-ion community since they can help to elucidate the origin of collective-like effects discovered in small collision systems at the LHC. In this work, we report that in PYTHIA 8.244, the charged-particle production in events with a large number of MPI (${\mathrm{N}}_{\mathrm{mpi}}$) normalized to that obtained in minimum-bias pp collisions shows interesting features. After the normalization to the corresponding $⟨{\mathrm{N}}_{\mathrm{mpi}}⟩$, the ratios as a function of $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ exhibit a bump at $p_{\mathrm{T}}\approx 3$ GeV/$c$; and for higher $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ ($>8$ GeV/$c$), the ratios are independent of ${\mathrm{N}}_{\mathrm{mpi}}$. While the size of the bump increases with increasing ${\mathrm{N}}_{\mathrm{mpi}}$, the behavior at high $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ is expected from the "binary scaling" (parton-parton interactions), which holds given the absence of any parton-energy loss mechanism in PYTHIA. The bump at intermediate $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ is reminiscent of the Cronin effect observed for the nuclear modification factor in p--Pb collisions. In order to unveil these effects in data, we propose a strategy to construct an event classifier sensitive to MPI using Machine Learning-based regression. The study is conducted using TMVA, and the regression is performed with Boosted Decision Trees (BDT). Event properties like forward charged-particle multiplicity, transverse spherocity and the average transverse momentum ($⟨p_{\mathrm{T}}⟩$) are used for training. The kinematic cuts are defined in accordance with the ALICE detector capabilities. In addition, we also report that if we apply the trained BDT on existing ($\mathrm{INEL}>0$) pp data, i.e. events with at least one primary charged-particle within $|\eta |<1$, the average number of MPI in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ and 13 TeV are 3.76$\pm 1.01$ and 4.65$\pm 1.01$, respectively.

   hep-phPRD(2020)·34 citations
9. 09*

   Persistent magnetization at neutrino pair emission

   M.Yoshimura🇯🇵

   Measurement of parity violating magnetization is proposed as a means to determine neutrino properties such as Majorana/Dirac distinction and absolute neutrino masses. The process we use is radiative neutrino pair emission from a collective and coherent body of lanthanoid ions doped in host crystals. A vector-component of electron spin flip parallel to photon direction emitted from ion excited state generates this type of magnetization which is stored for a long time in crystals till spin relaxation time.

   hep-phcond-mat.mtrl-scihep-ex1 citation
10. 10*

    Nuclear shadowing in deep inelastic scattering on nuclei at very small x

    Edgar V. Bugaev🇷🇺 · Boris V. Mangazeev🇷🇺

    Nuclear shadowing corrections to the structure functions of deep inelastic scattering on intermediate-mass nuclei are calculated at very small values of Bjorken x and small values of Q^2 (Q^2<5 Gev^2). The two-component approach developed in previous works of authors for a description of the nucleon structure functions of deep inelastic scattering is used. It is shown that the hard component of the nucleon structure functions that arises, in terms of the colour dipole model, from qq-pairs with a high transverse momentum, is almost not shadowed. It is shown that a change of the slope of the shadowing curve with a decrease of x depends, at small values of x, on the relative contribution of the hard component to the nucleon structure function (this contribution is a function of x and Q^2) and on a size of gluon saturation effects. It is shown that an accounting for saturation effects becomes essential for predictions of shadowing at x<10^-4, depending on a value of Q^2. Results of numerical calculations of nuclear shadowing for several nuclei are compared with available data of the E665 and the NMC collaborations.

    hep-phPRD(2020)·3 citations
11. 11*

    Resummed inclusive cross-section in Randall-Sundrum model at NNLO+NNLL

    Goutam Das🇩🇪 · M. C. Kumar🇮🇳 · Kajal Samanta🇮🇳

    The complete next-to-next-to leading order (NNLO) QCD correction has been studied to the di-lepton invariant mass distribution within the Randall-Sundrum (RS) framework. In addition, the soft-virtual (SV) cross-section at next-to-next-to-next-to leading order (N${}^3$LO) as well as threshold resummation to next-to-next-to leading logarithms (NNLL) level have been presented. The analytical coefficient for SV production has been obtained up to three loops very recently along with the process-dependent coefficients needed to perform resummation up to NNLL. These coefficients are universal for any universal spin-2 model where spin-2 particle couples to the Standard Model (SM) particles with equal strength. We use these coefficients in predicting N${}^3$LO SV results as well as matched NNLO+NNLL results for invariant mass distribution for Drell-Yan (DY) production in RS model. We performed a detailed phenomenological analysis and present prediction for the 13 TeV centre-of-mass energy at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) for the search of such RS Kaluza-Klein (KK) resonances. The NNLO cross-section adds about $21\%$ correction to the next-to-leading order (NLO) results. We found that the SV correction at the N${}^3$LO order decreases the cross-section by $0.7\%$ near the first KK resonance ($M_1=1500$ GeV) whereas the resummed result shows an increment over NNLO by $7\%$ of LO. We performed a detailed analysis including scale variation and parton distribution function (PDF) variations. These new results provide an opportunity to stringently constrain the parameters of the model in particular in the search of heavy spin-2 resonances at the LHC.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2020)·17 citations
12. 12*

    Aligned CP-violating Higgs sector canceling the electric dipole moment

    Shinya Kanemura🇯🇵 · Mitsunori Kubota🇯🇵 · Kei Yagyu🇯🇵

    We discuss the effect of CP violation in the aligned scenario of the general two-Higgs-doublet model, in which the Higgs potential and the Yukawa interaction provide additional CP-violating phases. An alignment is imposed to the Yukawa interaction in order to avoid dangerous flavor changing neutral currents. The Higgs potential is also aligned such that the coupling constants of the lightest Higgs boson, which is identified as the discovered Higgs boson with the mass of 125 GeV, are the same as those of the standard model. In general, CP-violating phases originated by the Yukawa interaction and the Higgs potential are strongly constrained by the current data for the electric dipole moment (EDM). It is found that in our scenario contributions from the two sources of CP violation can be destructive and consequently their total contribution can satisfy the EDM results, even when each CP-violating phase is large. Such a large CP-violating phase can be tested at collider experiments by looking at the angular distributions of particles generated by the decays of the additional Higgs bosons.

    hep-phJHEP(2020)·47 citations
13. 13*

    Generalized positivity bounds on chiral perturbation theory

    Yu-Jia Wang🇨🇳 · Feng-Kun Guo🇨🇳 · Cen Zhang🇨🇳 · Shuang-Yong Zhou🇨🇳

    Recently, a new set of positivity bounds with $t$ derivatives have been discovered. We explore the generic features of these generalized positivity bounds with loop amplitudes and apply these bounds to constrain the parameters in chiral perturbation theory up to the next-to-next-to-leading order. We show that the generalized positivity bounds give rise to stronger constraints on the ${\bar{l}}_i$ constants, compared to the existing axiomatic bounds. The parameter space of the $b_i$ constants is constrained by the generalized positivity bounds to be a convex region that is enclosed for many sections of the total space. We also show that the improved version of these positivity bounds can further enhance the constraints on the parameters. The often used Padé unitarization method however does not improve the analyticity of the amplitudes in the chiral perturbation theory at low energies.

    hep-phhep-lathep-thJHEP(2020)·61 citations
14. 14*

    Non-Hermitian extension of the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model in 3+1 and 1+1 dimensions

    Alexander Felski🇩🇪 · Alireza Beygi🇩🇪 · S. P. Klevansky🇩🇪

    This paper presents a non-Hermitian PT-symmetric extension of the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model of quantum chromodynamics in 3+1 and 1+1 dimensions. In 3+1 dimensions, the SU(2)-symmetric NJL Hamiltonian $H_{\text{NJL}}=\bar{\psi }(-i{\gamma }^k{\partial }_k+m_0)\psi -G[(\bar{\psi }\psi {)}^2+(\bar{\psi }i{\gamma }_5\vec{\tau }\psi {)}^2]$ is extended by the non-Hermitian, PT- and chiral-symmetric bilinear term $ig\bar{\psi }{\gamma }_5{B}_{\mu }{\gamma }^{\mu }\psi$; in 1+1 dimensions, where $H_{\text{NJL}}$ is a form of the Gross-Neveu model, it is extended by the non-Hermitian PT-symmetric but chiral symmetry breaking term $g\bar{\psi }{\gamma }_5\psi$. In each case, the gap equation is derived and the effects of the non-Hermitian terms on the generated mass are studied. We have several findings: in previous calculations for the free Dirac equation modified to include non-Hermitian bilinear terms, contrary to expectation, no real mass spectrum can be obtained in the chiral limit; in these cases a nonzero bare fermion mass is essential for the realization of PT symmetry in the unbroken regime. Here, in the NJL model, in which four-point interactions are present, we {\it do} find real values for the mass spectrum also in the limit of vanishing bare masses in both 3+1 and 1+1 dimensions, at least for certain specific values of the non-Hermitian couplings $g$. Thus, the four-point interaction overrides the effects leading to PT symmetry-breaking for these parameter values. Further, we find that in both cases, in 3+1 and in 1+1 dimensions, the inclusion of a non-Hermitian bilinear term can contribute to the generated mass. In both models, this contribution can be tuned to be small; we thus fix the fermion mass to its value when $m_0=0$ in the absence of the non-Hermitian term, and then determine the value of the coupling required so as to generate a bare fermion mass.

    hep-phhep-thmath-phmath.MP+1PRD(2020)·19 citations
15. 15*

    Strong CP violation: problem or blessing?

    Goran Senjanovic🇮🇹 · Vladimir Tello🇮🇹

    We readdress the issue of strong CP violation both in the Standard Model and in the Minimal Left-Right Symmetric Model and try to clear the confusion that seems to still pervade the field. We argue that the smallness of strong CP violation, while harmless and basically decoupled from the rest of physics in the SM, in the context of LR symmetry provides a blessing by helping to narrow down the parameter space of the theory and connecting apparently uncorrelated physical quantities. In particular, in the context of left-right symmetry being parity, it either points to the suppression of leptonic CP violation noticed before, or it leads to relatively light right-handed neutrinos, potentially accessible at the next hadron collider. The latter, more natural in view of complex quark Yukawa couplings, goes hand in hand with the smallness of lepton flavor violation and enhances the possibility of observing neutrinoless double beta decay.

    hep-phhep-exInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2023)·24 citations
16. 16*

    Deconfinement in the presence of a strong magnetic field

    Pok Man Lo (Wroclaw U.)🇵🇱 · Michal Szymanski (Wroclaw U.)🇵🇱 · Chihiro Sasaki (Wroclaw U.)🇵🇱 · Krzysztof Redlich (Wroclaw U. and CERN-TH)🇵🇱

    We study the impact of a finite magnetic field on the deconfinement phase transition for heavy quarks by computing the fluctuations of the Polyakov loops. It is demonstrated that the explicit Z(3) breaking field increases with the magnetic field, leading to a decrease in the (pseudo) critical temperatures and a shrinking first-order region in the phase diagram. Phenomenological equations that capture the behaviors of the Z(3) breaking field at strong and weak magnetic fields for massive and massless quarks are given. Lastly, we explore the case of dynamical light quarks and demonstrate how an improved constituent quark mass function can enforce the correct magnetic field dependence of the deconfinement temperature in an effective model, as observed in Lattice QCD calculations.

    hep-phnucl-thPRD(2020)·11 citations
17. 17*

    The Hidden Geometry of Particle Collisions

    Patrick T. Komiske🇺🇸 · Eric M. Metodiev🇺🇸 · Jesse Thaler🇺🇸

    We establish that many fundamental concepts and techniques in quantum field theory and collider physics can be naturally understood and unified through a simple new geometric language. The idea is to equip the space of collider events with a metric, from which other geometric objects can be rigorously defined. Our analysis is based on the energy mover's distance, which quantifies the "work" required to rearrange one event into another. This metric, which operates purely at the level of observable energy flow information, allows for a clarified definition of infrared and collinear safety and related concepts. A number of well-known collider observables can be exactly cast as the minimum distance between an event and various manifolds in this space. Jet definitions, such as exclusive cone and sequential recombination algorithms, can be directly derived by finding the closest few-particle approximation to the event. Several area- and constituent-based pileup mitigation strategies are naturally expressed in this formalism as well. Finally, we lift our reasoning to develop a precise distance between theories, which are treated as collections of events weighted by cross sections. In all of these various cases, a better understanding of existing methods in our geometric language suggests interesting new ideas and generalizations.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2020)·81 citations
18. 18*

    2HDM Neutral Scalars under the LHC

    Felix Kling🇺🇸 · Shufang Su🇺🇸 · Wei Su🇦🇺

    Two Higgs Doublet Models (2HDM) provide a simple framework for new physics models with an extended Higgs sector. The current LHC results, including both direct searches for additional non-Standard Model (SM) Higgs bosons, as well as precision measurements of the SM-like Higgs couplings, already provide strong constraints on the 2HDM parameter spaces. In this paper, we examine those constraints for the neutral scalars in the Type-I and Type-II 2HDM. In addition to the direct search channels with SM final states: $H/A\to f\bar{f},VV,Vh,hh$, we study in particular the exotic decay channels of $H/A\to AZ/HZ$ once there is a mass hierarchy between the non-SM Higgses. We found that $H/A\to AZ/HZ$ channel has unique sensitivity to the alignment limit region which remains unconstrained by conventional searches and Higgs precision measurements. This mode also extends the reach at intermediate $\tan \beta$ for heavy $m_A$ that are not covered by the other direct searches.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2020)·68 citations
19. 19*

    What does a quantum black hole look like?

    Sinya Aoki🇯🇵 · Tetsuya Onogi🇯🇵 · Shuichi Yokoyama🇯🇵

    We take a first step towards a holographic description of a black hole by means of a flow equation. We consider a free theory of multiple scalar fields at finite temperature and study its holographic geometry defined through a free flow of the scalar fields. We find that the holographic metric has the following properties: i) It is an asymptotic Anti-de Sitter (AdS) black brane metric with some unknown matter contribution. ii) It has no coordinate singularity and milder curvature singularity. iii) Its time component decays exponentially at a certain AdS radial slice. We find that the matter spreads all over the space, which we speculate to be due to thermal excitation of infinitely many massless higher spin fields. We conjecture that the above three are generic features of a black hole holographically realized by the flow equation method.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-lathep-phPLB(2021)·8 citations
20. 20*

    Ward Identity of the Vector Current and the Decay Rate of ${\eta }_c\to \gamma \gamma$ in Lattice QCD

    Chuan Liu🇨🇳 · Yu Meng🇨🇳 · Ke-Long Zhang🇨🇳

    Using a recently proposed method arXiv:1910.11597 (Yu Meng et al.), we study the two-photon decay rate of ${\eta }_c$ using two $N_f=2$ twisted mass gauge ensembles with lattice spacings $0.067$fm and $0.085$fm. The results obtained from these two ensembles can be extrapolated in a naive fashion to the continuum limit, yielding a result that is consistent with the experimental one within two standard deviations. To be specific, we obtain the results for two-photon decay of ${\eta }_c$ as $\mathcal{B}({\eta }_c\to 2\gamma )=1.29(3)(18)\times 10^{-4}$ where the first error is statistical and the second is our estimate for the systematic error caused by the finite lattice spacing. It turns out that Ward identity for the vector current is of vital importance within this new method. We find that the Ward identity is violated for local current with a finite lattice spacing, however it will be restored after the continuum limit is taken.

    ↳ hep-lathep-exhep-phPRD(2020)·15 citations
21. 21*

    Hybrid Quantum Annealing via Molecular Dynamics

    Hirotaka Irie🇯🇵 · Haozhao Liang🇯🇵 · Takumi Doi🇯🇵 · Shinya Gongyo🇯🇵 · Tetsuo Hatsuda🇯🇵

    A novel quantum-classical hybrid scheme is proposed to efficiently solve large-scale combinatorial optimization problems. The key concept is to introduce a Hamiltonian dynamics of the classical flux variables associated with the quantum spins of the transverse-field Ising model. Molecular dynamics of the classical fluxes can be used as a powerful preconditioner to sort out the frozen and ambivalent spins for quantum annealers. The performance and accuracy of our smooth hybridization in comparison to the standard classical algorithms (the tabu search and the simulated annealing) are demonstrated by employing the MAX-CUT and Ising spin-glass problems.

    ↳ quant-phcond-mat.stat-mechhep-phnucl-th+1Sci.Rep.(2021)·30 citations
22. 22*

    Elastic and inelastic scattering of neutrinos and weakly interacting massive particles on nuclei

    R. Sahu🇮🇳 · D. K. Papoulias🇬🇷 · V. K. B. Kota🇮🇳 · T. S. Kosmas🇬🇷

    The event rates for WIMP-nucleus and neutrino-nucleus scattering processes, expected to be detected in ton-scale rare-event detectors, are investigated. We focus on nuclear isotopes that correspond to the target nuclei of current and future experiments looking for WIMP- and neutrino-nucleus events. The nuclear structure calculations, performed in the context of the deformed shell model, are based on Hartree-Fock intrinsic states with angular momentum projection and band mixing for both the elastic and the inelastic channels. Our predictions in the high-recoil-energy tail show that detectable distortions of the measured/expected signal may be interpreted through the inclusion of the non-negligible incoherent channels

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRC(2020)·20 citations
23. 23*

    New insights on proton structure from lattice QCD: the twist-3 parton distribution function $g_T(x)$

    Shohini Bhattacharya🇺🇸 · Krzysztof Cichy🇵🇱 · Martha Constantinou🇺🇸 · Andreas Metz🇺🇸 · Aurora Scapellato🇵🇱 · Fernanda Steffens🇩🇪

    In this work, we present the first-ever calculation of the isovector flavor combination of the twist-3 parton distribution function $g_T(x)$ for the proton from lattice QCD. We use an ensemble of gauge configurations with two degenerate light, a strange and a charm quark ($N_f=2+1+1$) of maximally twisted mass fermions with a clover improvement. The lattice has a spatial extent of 3~fm, lattice spacing of 0.093~fm, and reproduces a pion mass of $260$ MeV. We use the quasi-distribution approach and employ three values of the proton momentum boost, 0.83 GeV, 1.25 GeV, and 1.67 GeV. We use a source-sink separation of 1.12~fm to suppress excited-states contamination. The lattice data are renormalized non-perturbatively. We calculate the matching equation within Large Momentum Effective Theory, which is applied to the lattice data in order to obtain $g_T$. The final distribution is presented in the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ scheme at a scale of 2 GeV. We also calculate the helicity distribution $g_1$ to test the Wandzura-Wilczek approximation for $g_T$. We find that the approximation works well for a broad range of $x$. This work demonstrates the feasibility of accessing twist-3 parton distribution functions from novel methods within lattice QCD and can provide essential insights into the structure of hadrons.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2020)·74 citations
24. 24*

    A formalism for magnon gravitational wave detectors

    Asuka Ito🇯🇵 · Jiro Soda🇯🇵

    In order to detect high frequency gravitational waves, we need a new detection method. In this paper, we develop a formalism for a gravitational wave detector using magnons in a cavity. Using Fermi normal coordinates and taking the non-relativistic limit, we obtain a Hamiltonian for magnons in gravitational wave backgrounds. Given the Hamiltonian, we show how to use the magnons for detecting high frequency gravitational waves. Furthermore, as a demonstration of the magnon gravitational wave detector, we give upper limits on GHz gravitational waves by utilizing known results of magnon experiments for an axion dark matter search.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thEPJC(2020)·51 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.