Thu·Sep 12, 2019Thursday·September 12, 2019

1. 01*

   Lepton number violation in heavy Higgs decays to sneutrinos

   Stefano Moretti🇬🇧 · Claire Shepherd-Themistocleous🇬🇧 · Harri Waltari🇬🇧

   We study the possibility of observing lepton number violation in the right-handed sneutrino sector of the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model extended with right-handed neutrinos. The scalar potential introduces a lepton number violating mass term for the right-handed sneutrinos, which generates a phase difference that results in oscillations between the sneutrino and antisneutrino. If we have light higgsinos and right-handed sneutrinos, the sneutrino decay width is determined by the tiny Yukawa couplings, which allows the phase difference to accumulate before the sneutrino decays. We investigate the possibilities of producing sneutrino pairs resonantly through a heavy Higgs of such a model and the ability of seeing a lepton number violating signature emerging from sneutrinos at the Large Hadron Collider. We also discuss how a possible future signal of this type could be used to determine the neutrino Yukawa couplings.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2020)·7 citations
2. 02*

   Higgs transverse momentum with a jet veto: a double-differential resummation

   Pier Francesco Monni🇨🇭 · Luca Rottoli🇮🇹 · Paolo Torrielli🇮🇹

   We consider the simultaneous measurement of the Higgs ($p_t^{\text{mbox}H}$) and the leading jet ($p_t^{\text{mbox}J}$) transverse momentum in hadronic Higgs-boson production, and perform the resummation of the large logarithmic corrections that originate in the limit $p_t^{\text{mbox}H},p_t^{\text{mbox}J}\ll m_{\text{mbox}H}$ up to next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic order. This work constitutes the first simultaneous (double differential) resummation for two kinematic observables of which one involves a jet algorithm in hadronic collisions, and provides an important milestone in the theoretical understanding of joint resummations. As an application, we provide precise predictions for the Higgs transverse-momentum distribution with a veto $p_t^{\text{mbox}J}\le p_t^{\text{mbox}J,v}$ on the accompanying jets, whose accurate description is relevant to the Higgs precision programme at the Large Hadron Collider.

   hep-phhep-exPRL(2020)·71 citations
3. 03*

   Baryogenesis from a Modulus Dominated Universe

   Gordon Kane🇺🇸 · Martin Wolfgang Winkler🇸🇪

   String/ M-theory compactifications predict the existence of a modulus field with a mass of 100-10000 TeV. Its decay at MeV-temperatures generates large amounts of entropy and washes out any previously produced baryon asymmetry. We describe how the baryon asymmetry can be (re)generated by the modulus decay. The mechanism relates the smallness of the asymmetry to the hierarchy between the Planck- and the Fermi-scale.

   hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJCAP(2020)·18 citations
4. 04*

   Indirect effects of dark matter

   K. M. Belotsky🇷🇺 · E.A. Esipova🇷🇺 · A.Kh. Kamaletdinov🇷🇺 · E.S. Shlepkina🇷🇺 · M.L. Solovyov🇷🇺

   Here we briefly review possible indirect effects of dark matter (DM) of the Universe. It includes effects in cosmic rays (CR): first of all, the positron excess at $\sim$ 500 GeV and possible electron-positron excess at 1-1.5 TeV. We tell that the main and least model-dependent constraint on such possible interpretation of CR effects goes from gamma-ray background. Even ordinary $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ mode of DM decay or annihilation produces prompt photons (FSR) so much that leads to contradiction with data on cosmic gamma-rays. We present our attempts to possibly avoid gamma-ray constraint. They concern peculiarities of both space distribution of DM and their physics. The latter involves complications of decay/annihilation modes of DM, modifications of Lagrangian of DM-ordinary matter interaction, and inclusion of mode with identical fermions in final state. In this way, no possibilities to suppress were found except, possibly, mode with identical fermions. While the case of spatial distribution variation allows achieving consistency between different data. Also we consider stable form of dark matter which can interact with baryons. We show which constraint such DM candidate can get from damping effect in plasma during large scale structure formation in comparison with other existing constraints.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEInt.J.Mod.Phys.D(2019)·18 citations
5. 05*

   New physics effects on quantum coherence in neutrino oscillations

   Khushboo Dixit🇮🇳 · Ashutosh Kumar Alok🇮🇳

   Several measures of quantum correlations such as Leggett-Garg and Bell-type inequalities have been extensively studied in the context of neutrino oscillations. However these analyses are performed under the assumption of standard model (SM) interactions of neutrinos. In this work we study new physics effects on $l_1$-norm based measure of quantum coherence which quantifies the quantumness embedded in the system and is also intrinsically related to various measures of quantum correlations. Moreover, it is considered to be a resource theoretical tool which can be utilized in quantum algorithms and quantum channel discrimination. The new physics effects are incorporated in a model independent way by using the effective Lagrangian for the neutral current non-standard neutrino interactions (NSI). Bounds on the NSI parameters are extracted from a recent global analysis of oscillation experiments including COHERENT (coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering experiment) data. In the context of upcoming DUNE experimental setup, we find that the most favourable combination of LMA-Light sector of ${\theta }_{12}$ (i.e., ${\theta }_{12}<45^o$) with normal mass ordering decreases the coherence in the system in comparison to the SM prediction for all values of neutrino energy E and CP violating phase $\delta$ (except in the narrow region around E ~ 2 GeV). On the other hand, a large enhancement in the value of coherence parameter in the entire $(E-\delta )$ plane is possible for the dark octant of ${\theta }_{12}$ (${\theta }_{12}>45^o$) with inverted ordering. For almost all values of CP violating phase, the enhancement is more protuberant in the region around E ~ 4 GeV where maximum neutrino flux is expected in the DUNE experiment. Therefore for the normal mass ordering, the SM interaction provides favourable conditions for quantum information tasks while the NSI favours inverted ordering scenario for such tasks.

   hep-phEur.Phys.J.Plus(2021)·21 citations
6. 06*

   The effect of gluon condensate on imaginary potential and thermal width from holography

   Yan-Qing Zhao🇨🇳 · Zhou-Run Zhu🇨🇳 · Xun Chen🇨🇳

   By the use of the gauge/gravity duality, we calculate the imaginary part of heavy quarkonium potential and thermal width with the effect of gluon condensate which is absent in AdS${}_5$ background. Our results show that the dropping gluon condensate reduces the absolute value of imaginary potential and therefore decreases the thermal width both in "exact" and "approximate" approach implying that the heavy quarkonium has a weaker bound with the increase of gluon condensate. In addition, the thermal width will disappear at a critical condensate value, which indicates the dissociation of quarkonium. We conclude that increasing gluon condensate will lead to easier dissociation of heavy quarkonium for fixed temperature.

   hep-phEPJA(2020)·18 citations
7. 07*

   Exploration of the phase diagram and the thermodynamic properties of QCD at finite temperature and chemical potential with the PNJL effective model

   M.Motta🇮🇹 · W.M.Alberico🇮🇹 · A.Beraudo🇮🇹 · P.Costa🇵🇹 · R.Stiele🇮🇹

   The QCD transition from a hadronic to a quark-gluon plasma phase is a cross-over at vanishing/small baryo-chemical potential, while at higher chemical potentials it is argued that it becomes of first order, ending with a critical end-point. The present goal is the determination of the critical line and, possibly, the recognition of the critical endpoint. For this purpose, the effective model (Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with Polyakov Loop) with 2+1 flavours is used. In Mean Field Approximation it is possible to obtain all thermodynamic quantities (pressure, entropy, energy and quark density) and their fluctuations, in particular, the generalized quark-number susceptibilities. We use the net baryon-number fluctuations and net-strangeness fluctuations to identify the critical line and the order of the phase transition in the chemical potential - temperature plane.

   hep-phnucl-thJ.Phys.Conf.Ser.(2020)·2 citations
8. 08*

   Drell-Yan plus jet production and BFKL evolution

   Krzysztof Golec-Biernat🇵🇱 · Leszek Motyka🇵🇱 · Tomasz Stebel🇵🇱

   Production of a forward Drell-Yan lepton pair accompanied by a jet separated by a large rapidity interval is proposed to study the BFKL evolution at the LHC. Several observables to be measured are presented including the azimuthal angle dependence of the lepton pair which allows to determine Drell-Yan structure functions.

   hep-phPoS(2019)·1 citation
9. 09*

   A radiative Type-II seesaw model with broken Symmetry Ansatz

   Satyabrata Datta🇮🇳 · Ambar Ghosal🇮🇳

   Parametrization of the neutrino mass matrix in terms of well-known measured quantities is an attractive way to obtain a phenomenologically viable form. We propose a model of neutrino mass matrix based on type-II seesaw mechanism adhering the concept of badly broken symmetry. Two of the mixing angles are coming out as ${\theta }_{23}\sim 46.08^{\circ }$, ${\theta }_{13}\sim 8.69^{\circ }$. However, to accommodate the other oscillation parameters, we further add an extra doublet and the neutrino masses are generated through the Zee mechanism at the one loop level, and the modified model can admit all the extant data for a suitable choice of model parameters.

   hep-phJ.Phys.G(2021)·0 citations
10. 10*

    Theoretical predictions for top-quark production processes

    Nikolaos Kidonakis🇺🇸

    I present theoretical results through three loops and N${}^3$LO for soft-gluon corrections in a variety of processes involving top-quark production. In particular, I present results for total cross sections and differential distributions in single-top production and top-pair production as well as in top-quark processes with electroweak bosons and new physics.

    hep-ph2 citations
11. 11*

    Hybrid meson interpretation of the exotic resonance \pi_{1}(1600)

    Azzeddine Benhamida🇩🇿 · Lahouari Semlala🇩🇿

    The exotic J^{PC}= 1^{-+} resonance {\pi}_{1}(1600)is examined in the framework of the Quark Model with Constituent Gluon (QMCG). We report the possibility of interpreting that resonance as quark-antiquark-gluon hybrid meson, with a masse = 1.65+0.05-0.04 GeV and a rho-pi decay width = 0.28+0.14-0.09 GeV.

    hep-phAdv.High Energy Phys.(2020)·5 citations
12. 12*

    Searching for Heavy Neutrinos with the MoEDAL-MAPP Detector at the LHC

    Mariana Frank🇨🇦 · Marc de Montigny🇨🇦 · Pierre-Philippe A. Ouimet🇨🇦 · James Pinfold🇨🇦 · Ameir Shaa🇨🇦 · Michael Staelens🇨🇦

    We present a strategy for searching for heavy neutrinos at the Large Hadron Collider using the MoEDAL Experiment's MAPP detector. We hypothesize the heavy neutrino to be a member of a fourth generation lepton doublet, with the electric dipole moment (EDM) introduced within a dimension-five operator. In this model the heavy neutrino is produced in association with a heavy lepton. According to our current experimental and theoretical understanding, the electric dipole moment of this heavy neutrino may be as high as $10^{-15}$ $e$ cm. Taking advantage of the sensitivity of MoEDAL detector, we examine the possibility of detecting such a heavy neutrino in the MAPP as an apparently fractionally charged particle, via ionization due to the neutrino's EDM.

    hep-phPLB(2020)·35 citations
13. 13*

    Dynamic fast flavor oscillation waves in dense neutrino gases

    Joshua D. Martin🇺🇸 · Changhao Yi🇺🇸 · Huaiyu Duan🇺🇸

    The flavor transformation in a dense neutrino gas can have a significant impact on the physical and chemical evolution of its surroundings. In this work we demonstrate that a dynamic, fast flavor oscillation wave can develop spontaneously in a one-dimensional (1D) neutrino gas when the angular distributions of the electron neutrino and antineutrino cross each other. Unlike the 2D stationary models which are plagued with small-scale flavor structures, the fast flavor oscillation waves remain coherent in the dynamic 1D model in both the position and momentum spaces of the neutrino. The electron lepton number is redistributed and transported in space as the flavor oscillation wave propagates, although the total lepton number remains constant. This result may have interesting implications in the neutrino emission in and the evolution of the compact objects such as core-collapse supernovae.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEnucl-thPLB(2020)·97 citations
14. 14*

    Di-Higgs Production in the $4b$ Channel and Gravitational Wave Complementarity

    Alexandre Alves🇧🇷 · Dorival Gonçalves🇺🇸 · Tathagata Ghosh🇺🇸 · Huai-Ke Guo🇺🇸 · Kuver Sinha🇺🇸

    We present a complementarity study of gravitational waves and double Higgs production in the $4b$ channel, exploring the gauge singlet scalar extension of the SM. This new physics extension serves as a simplified benchmark model that realizes a strongly first-order electroweak phase transition necessary to generate the observed baryon asymmetry in the universe. In calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of the gravitational waves, we incorporate the effect of the recently discovered significant suppression of the gravitational wave signals from sound waves for strong phase transitions, make sure that supercooled phase transitions do complete and adopt a bubble wall velocity that is consistent with a successful electroweak baryogenesis by solving the velocity profiles of the plasma. The high-luminosity LHC sensitivity to the singlet scalar extension of the SM is estimated using a shape-based analysis of the invariant $4b$ mass distribution. We find that while the region of parameter space giving detectable gravitational waves is shrunk due to the new gravitational wave simulations, the qualitative complementary role of gravitational waves and collider searches remain unchanged.

    hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qcJHEP(2020)·70 citations
15. 15*

    CMB targets after the latest Planck data release

    Renata Kallosh🇺🇸 · Andrei Linde🇺🇸

    We show that a combination of the simplest $\alpha$-attractors and KKLTI models related to Dp-brane inflation covers most of the area in the ($n_s$, $r$) space favored by Planck 2018. For $\alpha$-attractor models, there are discrete targets $3\alpha =1,2,...,7$, predicting 7 different values of $r=12\alpha /N^2$ in the range $10^{-2}\gtrsim r\gtrsim 10^{-3}$. In the small $r$ limit, $\alpha$-attractors and Dp-brane inflation models describe vertical $\beta$-stripes in the ($n_s$, $r$) space, with $n_s=1-\beta /N$, $\beta =2,\frac{5}{3},\frac{8}{5},\frac{3}{2},\frac{4}{3}$. A phenomenological description of these models and their generalizations can be achieved in the context of pole inflation. Most of the $1\sigma$ area in the ($n_s$, $r$) space favored by Planck 2018 can be covered models with $\beta =2$ and $\beta =5/3$. Future precision data on $n_s$ may help to discriminate between these models even if the precision of the measurement of $r$ is insufficient for the discovery of gravitational waves produced during inflation.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2019)·55 citations
16. 16*

    Enhanced Detectability of Spinning Primordial Black Holes

    Florian Kuhnel🇩🇪

    Primordial black holes which are produced during an epoch of matter domination are expected to spin rapidly. It is shown that this leads to an enhancement of the detectability of the stochastic gravitational-wave background from their mergers. For a specific model, we explicitly demonstrate that this yields a $50\%$ increase of the gravitational-wave amplitude as compared to the non-spinning case.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phEPJC(2020)·26 citations
17. 17*

    Logarithmic forms and differential equations for Feynman integrals

    Enrico Herrmann🇺🇸 · Julio Parra-Martinez🇺🇸

    We describe how a dlog representation of Feynman integrals leads to simple differential equations. We derive these differential equations directly in loop momentum or embedding space making use of a localization trick and generalized unitarity. For the examples we study, the alphabet of the differential equation is related to special points in kinematic space, described by certain cut equations which encode the geometry of the Feynman integral. At one loop, we reproduce the motivic formulae described by Goncharov \cite{Goncharov:1996tate} that reappeared in the context of Feynman parameter integrals in \cite{Spradlin:2011wp,Arkani-Hamed:2017ahv}. The dlog representation allows us to generalize the differential equations to higher loops and motivates the study of certain mixed-dimension integrals.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2020)·52 citations
18. 18*

    Fakeons, unitarity, massive gravitons and the cosmological constant

    Damiano Anselmi🇮🇹

    We give a simple proof of perturbative unitarity in gauge theories and quantum gravity using a special gauge that allows us to separate the physical poles of the free propagators, which are quantized by means of the Feynman prescription, from the poles that belong to the gauge-trivial sector, which are quantized by means of the fakeon prescription. The proof applies to renormalizable theories, including the ultraviolet complete theory of quantum gravity with fakeons formulated recently, as well as low-energy (nonrenormalizable) theories. We clarify a number of subtleties related to the study of scattering processes in the presence of a cosmological constant $\Lambda$. The scattering amplitudes, defined by expanding the metric around flat space, obey the optical theorem up to corrections due to $\Lambda$, which are negligible for all practical purposes. Problems of interpretation would arise if such corrections became important. In passing, we obtain local, unitary (and "almost" renormalizable) theories of massive gravitons and gauge fields, which violate gauge invariance and general covariance explicitly.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phJHEP(2019)·11 citations
19. 19*

    Experimental extraction of the quantum effective action for a non-equilibrium many-body system

    Maximilian Prüfer🇩🇪 · Torsten V. Zache🇩🇪 · Philipp Kunkel🇩🇪 · Stefan Lannig🇩🇪 · Alexis Bonnin🇩🇪 · Helmut Strobel🇩🇪 · Jürgen Berges🇩🇪 · Markus K. Oberthaler🇩🇪

    Far-from-equilibrium situations are ubiquitous in nature. They are responsible for a wealth of phenomena, which are not simple extensions of near-equilibrium properties, ranging from fluid flows turning turbulent to the highly organized forms of life. On the fundamental level, quantum fluctuations or entanglement lead to novel forms of complex dynamical behaviour in many-body systems for which a description as emergent phenomena can be found within the framework of quantum field theory. A central quantity in these efforts, containing all information about the measurable physical properties, is the quantum effective action. Though the problem of non-equilibrium quantum dynamics can be exactly formulated in terms of the quantum effective action, the solution is in general beyond capabilities of classical computers. In this work, we present a strategy to determine the non-equilibrium quantum effective action using analog quantum simulators, and demonstrate our method experimentally with a quasi one-dimensional spinor Bose gas out of equilibrium. Building on spatially resolved snapshots of the spin degree of freedom, we infer the quantum effective action up to fourth order in an expansion in one-particle irreducible correlation functions at equal times. We uncover a strong suppression of the irreducible four-vertex emerging at low momenta, which solves the problem of dynamics in the highly occupied regime far from equilibrium where perturbative descriptions fail. Similar behaviour in this non-pertubative regime has been proposed in the context of early-universe cosmology. Our work constitutes a new realm of large-scale analog quantum computing, where the high level of control of synthetic quantum systems provides the means for the solution of long-standing theoretical problems in high-energy and condensed matter physics with an experimental approach.

    ↳ cond-mat.quant-gashep-phquant-phNat.Phys.(2020)·65 citations
20. 20*

    Aspects of High Energy Scattering

    Chris D. White🇬🇧

    Scattering amplitudes in quantum field theories are of widespread interest, due to a large number of theoretical and phenomenological applications. Much is known about the possible behaviour of amplitudes, that is independent of the details of the underlying theory. This knowledge is often neglected in modern QFT courses, and the aim of these notes - aimed at graduate students - is to redress this. We review the possible singularities that amplitudes can have, before examining the generic behaviour that can arise in the high-energy limit. Finally, we illustrate the results using examples from QCD and gravity.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phSciPost Phys.Lect.Notes(2020)·14 citations
21. 21*

    Third-order relativistic hydrodynamics: dispersion relations and transport coefficients of a dual plasma

    Saulo M. Diles🇧🇷 · Luis A. H. Mamani🇧🇷 · Alex S. Miranda🇧🇷 · Vilson T. Zanchin🇧🇷

    Hydrodynamics is nowadays understood as an effective field theory that describes the dynamics of the long-wavelength and slow-time fluctuations of an underlying microscopic theory. In this work we extend the relativistic hydrodynamics to third order in the gradient expansion for neutral fluids in a general curved spacetime of $d$ dimensions. We find 58 new transport coefficients, 19 due to third-order scalar corrections and 39 due to tensorial corrections. In the particular case of a conformal fluid, the number of new transport coefficients is reduced to 19, all of them due to third-order tensorial corrections. The dispersion relations of linear fluctuations in the third-order relativistic hydrodynamics is obtained, both in the rest frame of the fluid and in a general moving frame. As an application we obtain some of the transport coefficients of a relativistic conformal fluid in three dimensions by using the AdS/CFT correspondence. These transport coefficients are extracted from the dispersion relations of the linear fluctuations. The gravity dual of the fluctuations in this conformal fluid is described by the gravitational perturbations of four-dimensional anti-de Sitter black branes, which are solutions of the Einstein equations with a negative cosmological constant. To find the hydrodynamic quasinormal modes (QNMs) of the scalar sector we use the SUSY quantum mechanics of the gravitational perturbations of four-dimensional black branes. Such a symmetry allows us to find the wavefunction of the scalar (or sound) sector in the hydrodynamic limit directly from the wavefunction of the vector (or shear) sector, which is usually easier to be found because the perturbation wave equations for the vector sector are much simpler than the ones for the scalar sector.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phJHEP(2020)·84 citations
22. 22*

    On String Theory Expectations for Photon Couplings to Axion-Like Particles

    James Halverson🇺🇸 · Cody Long🇺🇸 · Brent Nelson🇺🇸 · Gustavo Salinas🇺🇸

    ALP-photon couplings are modeled in large ensembles of string vacua and random matrix theories. In all cases, the effective coupling increases polynomially in the number of ALPs, of which hundreds or thousands are expected in the string ensembles, many of which are ultralight. The expected value of the couplings $g_{a\gamma \gamma }\simeq 10^{-12}{\text{GeV}}^{-1}-10^{-10}{\text{GeV}}^{-1}$ provide viable targets for future x-ray telescopes and axion helioscopes, and in some cases are already in tension with existing data.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.HEhep-exhep-phPRD(2019)·107 citations
23. 23*

    The Cosmological Analysis of the SDSS/BOSS data from the Effective Field Theory of Large-Scale Structure

    Guido D'Amico🇮🇹 · Jérôme Gleyzes🇺🇸 · Nickolas Kokron🇺🇸 · Dida Markovic🇬🇧 · Leonardo Senatore🇺🇸 · Pierre Zhang🇨🇳 · Florian Beutler🇬🇧 · Héctor Gil-Marín🇪🇸

    The Effective Field Theory of Large-Scale Structure (EFTofLSS) is a formalism that allows us to predict the clustering of Cosmological Large-Scale Structure in the mildly non-linear regime in an accurate and reliable way. After validating our technique against several sets of numerical simulations, we perform the analysis for the cosmological parameters of the DR12 BOSS data. We assume $\Lambda$CDM, a fixed value of the baryon/dark-matter ratio, ${\Omega }_b/{\Omega }_c$, and of the tilt of the primordial power spectrum, $n_s$, and no significant input from numerical simulations. By using the one-loop power spectrum multipoles, we measure the primordial amplitude of the power spectrum, $A_s$, the abundance of matter, ${\Omega }_m$, and the Hubble parameter, $H_0$, to about $13\%$, $3.2\%$ and $3.2\%$ respectively, obtaining $\ln (10^{10}As)=2.72\pm 0.13$, ${\Omega }_m=0.309\pm 0.010$, $H_0=68.5\pm 2.2$ km/(s Mpc) at 68\% confidence level. If we then add a CMB prior on the sound horizon, the error bar on $H_0$ is reduced to $1.6\%$. These results are a substantial qualitative and quantitative improvement with respect to former analyses, and suggest that the EFTofLSS is a powerful instrument to extract cosmological information from Large-Scale Structure.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thJCAP(2020)·513 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.