HEP Phenomenology·hep-ph

Thu·May 30, 2019Thursday·May 30, 2019

20 papers—13 primary·7 cross-listed·reconstructed*

01*
On the Equivalence of Three-Particle Scattering Formalisms
A. W. Jackura🇺🇸 · S. M. Dawid🇺🇸 · C. Fernández-Ramírez🇲🇽 · V. Mathieu🇪🇸 · M. Mikhasenko🇨🇭 · A. Pilloni🇮🇹 · S. R. Sharpe🇺🇸 · A. P. Szczepaniak🇺🇸
In recent years, different on-shell $3 \to 3$ scattering formalisms have been proposed to be applied to both lattice QCD and infinite volume scattering processes. We prove that the formulation in the infinite volume presented by Hansen and Sharpe in Phys.~Rev.~D92, 114509 (2015) and subsequently Briceño, Hansen, and Sharpe in Phys.~Rev.~D95, 074510 (2017) can be recovered from the $B$ -matrix representation, derived on the basis of $S$ -matrix unitarity, presented by Mai {\em et al.} in Eur.~Phys.~J.~A53, 177 (2017) and Jackura {\em et al.} in Eur.~Phys.~J.~C79, 56 (2019). Therefore, both formalisms in the infinite volume are equivalent and the physical content is identical. Additionally, the Faddeev equations are recovered in the non-relativistic limit of both representations.
hep-phhep-latnucl-thPRD(2019)·93 citations
02*
New physics via pion capture and simple nuclear reactions
Chien-Yi Chen🇨🇦 · David McKeen🇨🇦 · Maxim Pospelov🇨🇦
Light, beyond-the-standard-model particles $X$ in the 1-100 MeV mass range can be produced in nuclear and hadronic reactions but would have to decay electromagnetically. We show that simple and well-understood low-energy hadronic processes can be used as a tool to study $X$ production and decay. In particular, the pion capture process $π^{-} p \to X n \to e^{+} e^{-} n$ can be used in a new experimental setup to search for anomalies in the angular distribution of the electron-positron pair, which could signal the appearance of dark photons, axion-like particles and other exotic states. This process can be used to decisively test the hypothesis of a new particle produced in the $^{7} Li + p$ reaction. We also discuss a variety of other theoretically clean hadronic processes, such as $p + D (T)$ fusion, as a promising source of $X$ particles.
hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2019)·8 citations
03*
Sublunar-Mass Primordial Black Holes from Closed Axion Domain Walls
Shuailiang Ge🇨🇦
We study the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) from the collapse of closed domain walls (DWs) which naturally arise in QCD axion models near the QCD scale together with the main string-wall network. The size distribution of the closed DWs is determined by percolation theory, from which we further obtain PBH mass distribution and abundance. Various observational constraints on PBH abundance in turn also constrain axion parameters. Our model prefers axion mass around the meV scale ( $f_{a} \sim 1 0^{9}$ GeV). The corresponding PBHs are in the sublunar-mass window $1 0^{20}$ - $1 0^{22}$ g (i.e., $1 0^{- 13}$ - $1 0^{- 11} M_{⊙}$ ), one of few mass windows still available for PBHs contributing significantly to dark matter (DM). In our model, PBH abundance could reach $\sim 1%$ or even more of DM, sensitive to the formation efficiency of closed axion DWs.
hep-phastro-ph.COPhys.Dark Univ.(2020)·39 citations
04*
Monopole and quadrupole contributions to the angular momentum density
Peter Schweitzer🇺🇸 · Kemal Tezgin🇺🇸
The energy-momentum tensor form factors contain a wealth of information about the nucleon. It is insightful to visualize this information in terms of 3D or 2D densities related by Fourier transformations to the form factors. The densities associated with the angular momentum distribution were recently shown to receive monopole and quadrupole contributions. We show that these two contributions are uniquely related to each other. The quadrupole contribution can be viewed as induced by the monopole contribution, and contains no independent information. Both contributions however play important roles for the visualization of the angular momentum density.
hep-phPLB(2019)·24 citations
05*
Dark matter and baryon-number generation in quintessential inflation via hierarchical right-handed neutrinos
Soichiro Hashiba🇯🇵 · Jun'ichi Yokoyama🇯🇵
Incorporating three generations of right-handed Majorana neutrinos to quintessential inflation, we construct a model which simultaneously explains inflation, dark energy, dark matter and baryogenesis. These neutrinos have hierarchical masses $M_{3} \sim 1 0^{13}$ GeV, $M_{2} \sim 1 0^{11}$ GeV, $M_{1} \sim 10$ keV and are produced by gravitational particle production in the kination regime after inflation. The heaviest, the intermediate, and the lightest account for reheating, CP violation of leptogenesis, and dark matter, respectively. This model can be tested in various ways with forthcoming observations.
hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thPLB(2019)·22 citations
06*
Cooling of Dark-Matter Admixed Neutron Stars with density-dependent Equation of State
Sajad A. Bhat🇮🇳 · Avik Paul🇮🇳
We propose a dark-matter (DM) admixed density-dependent equation of state where the fermionic DM interacts with the nucleons via Higgs portal. Presence of DM can hardly influence the particle distribution inside neutron star (NS) but can significantly affect the structure as well as equation of state (EOS) of NS. Introduction of DM inside NS softens the equation of state. We explored the effect of variation of DM mass and DM Fermi momentum on the NS EOS. Moreover, DM-Higgs coupling is constrained using dark matter direct detection experiments. Then, we studied cooling of normal NSs using APR and DD2 EOSs and DM admixed NSs using dark-matter modified DD2 with varying DM mass and Fermi momentum. We have done our analysis by considering different NS masses. Also DM mass and DM Fermi momentum are varied for fixed NS mass and DM-Higgs coupling. We calculated the variations of luminosity and temperature of NS with time for all EOSs considered in our work and then compared our calculations with the observed astronomical cooling data of pulsars namely Cas A, RX J0822-43, 1E 1207-52, RX J0002+62, XMMU J17328, PSR B1706-44, Vela, PSR B2334+61, PSR B0656+14, Geminga, PSR B1055-52 and RX J0720.4-3125. It is found that APR EOS agrees well with the pulsar data for lighter and medium mass NSs but cooling is very fast for heavier NS. For DM admixed DD2 EOS, it is found that for all considered NS masses, all chosen DM masses and Fermi momenta agree well with the observational data of PSR B0656+14, Geminga, Vela, PSR B1706-44 and PSR B2334+61. Cooling becomes faster as compared to normal NSs in case of increasing DM mass and Fermi momenta. It is infered from the calculations that if low mass super cold NSs are observed in future that may support the fact that heavier WIMP can be present inside neutron stars.
hep-phEPJC(2020)·60 citations
07*
Nonlinear Dynamics of Preheating after Multifield Inflation with Nonminimal Couplings
Rachel Nguyen · Jorinde van de Vis · Evangelos I. Sfakianakis · John T. Giblin · Jr. · David I. Kaiser
We study the post-inflation dynamics of multifield models involving nonminimal couplings using lattice simulations to capture significant nonlinear effects like backreaction and rescattering. We measure the effective equation of state and typical time-scales for the onset of thermalization, which could affect the usual mapping between predictions for primordial perturbation spectra and measurements of anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background radiation. For large values of the nonminimal coupling constants, we find efficient particle production that gives rise to nearly instantaneous preheating. Moreover, the strong single-field attractor behavior that was previously identified persists until the end of preheating, thereby suppressing typical signatures of multifield models. We therefore find that predictions for primordial observables in this class of models retain a close match to the latest observations.
hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thPRL(2019)·62 citations
08*
Two component dark matter with inert Higgs doublet: neutrino mass, high scale validity and collider searches
Subhaditya Bhattacharya🇮🇳 · Purusottam Ghosh🇮🇳 · Abhijit Kumar Saha🇮🇳 · Arunansu Sil🇮🇳
The idea of this work is to investigate the constraints on the dark matter (DM) allowed parameter space from high scale validity (absolute stability of Higgs vacuum and perturbativity) in presence of multi particle dark sector and heavy right handed neutrinos to address correct neutrino mass. We illustrate a simple two component DM model, consisting of one inert $S U (2)_{L}$ scalar doublet and a scalar singlet, both stabilised by additional $Z_{2} \times Z_{2}^{^{'}}$ symmetry, which also aid to vacuum stability. We demonstrate DM-DM interaction helps achieving a large allowed parameter space for both the DM components by evading direct search bound. High scale validity puts further constraints on the model, for example, on the mass splitting between the charged and neutral component of inert doublet, which has important implication to its leptonic signature(s) at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).
hep-phJHEP(2020)·66 citations
09*
On the Inversion of High Energy Proton
Mikael Mieskolainen🇫🇮
Inversion of the K-fold stochastic autoconvolution integral equation is an elementary nonlinear problem, yet there are no de facto methods to solve it with finite statistics. To fix this problem, we introduce a novel inverse algorithm based on a combination of minimization of relative entropy, the Fast Fourier Transform and a recursive version of Efron's bootstrap. This gives us power to obtain new perspectives on non-perturbative high energy QCD, such as probing the ab initio principles underlying the approximately negative binomial distributions of observed charged particle final state multiplicities, related to multiparton interactions, the fluctuating structure and profile of proton and diffraction. As a proof-of-concept, we apply the algorithm to ALICE proton-proton charged particle multiplicity measurements done at different center-of-mass energies and fiducial pseudorapidity intervals at the LHC, available on HEPData. A strong double peak structure emerges from the inversion, barely visible without it.
hep-phhep-ex2 citations
10*
Type-I Seesaw as the Common Origin of Neutrino Mass, Baryon Asymmetry, and the Electroweak Scale
Vedran Brdar🇩🇪 · Alexander J. Helmboldt🇩🇪 · Sho Iwamoto🇮🇹 · Kai Schmitz🇮🇹
The type-I seesaw represents one of the most popular extensions of the Standard Model. Previous studies of this model have mostly focused on its ability to explain neutrino oscillations as well as on the generation of the baryon asymmetry via leptogenesis. Recently, it has been pointed out that the type-I seesaw can also account for the origin of the electroweak scale due to heavy-neutrino threshold corrections to the Higgs potential. In this paper, we show for the first time that all of these features of the type-I seesaw are compatible with each other. Integrating out a set of heavy Majorana neutrinos results in small masses for the Standard Model neutrinos; baryogenesis is accomplished by resonant leptogenesis; and the Higgs mass is entirely induced by heavy-neutrino one-loop diagrams, provided that the tree-level Higgs potential satisfies scale-invariant boundary conditions in the ultraviolet. The viable parameter space is characterized by a heavy-neutrino mass scale roughly in the range $1 0^{6.5 \dots 7.0}$ GeV and a mass splitting among the nearly degenerate heavy-neutrino states up to a few TeV. Our findings have interesting implications for high-energy flavor models and low-energy neutrino observables. We conclude that the type-I seesaw sector might be the root cause behind the masses and cosmological abundances of all known particles. This statement might even extend to dark matter in the presence of a keV-scale sterile neutrino.
hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2019)·75 citations
11*
Direct Detection Signals from Absorption of Fermionic Dark Matter
Jeff A. Dror🇺🇸 · Gilly Elor🇺🇸 · Robert McGehee🇺🇸
We present a new class of direct detection signals; absorption of fermionic dark matter. We enumerate the operators through dimension six which lead to fermionic absorption, study their direct detection prospects, and summarize additional constraints on their suppression scale. Such dark matter is inherently unstable as there is no symmetry which prevents dark matter decays. Nevertheless, we show that fermionic dark matter absorption can be observed in direct detection and neutrino experiments while ensuring consistency with the observed dark matter abundance and required lifetime. For dark matter masses well below the GeV scale, dedicated searches for these signals at current and future experiments can probe orders of magnitude of unexplored parameter space.
hep-phhep-exPRL(2020)·104 citations
12*
Leptogenesis in the Neutrino Option
I. Brivio🇩🇪 · K. Moffat🇬🇧 · S. Pascoli🇬🇧 · S.T. Petcov🇮🇹 · J. Turner🇺🇸
We examine the compatibility between the Neutrino Option, in which the electroweak scale is generated by PeV mass type I seesaw Majorana neutrinos, and leptogenesis. We find the Neutrino Option is consistent with resonant leptogenesis. Working within the minimal seesaw scenario with two heavy Majorana neutrinos $N_{1, 2}$ , which form a pseudo-Dirac pair, we explore the viable parameter space. We find that the Neutrino Option and successful leptogenesis are compatible in the cases of a neutrino mass spectrum with normal (inverted) ordering for $1.2 \times 1 0^{6} < M (GeV) < 8.8 \times 1 0^{6}$ ( $2.4 \times 1 0^{6} < M (GeV) < 7.4 \times 1 0^{6}$ ), with $M = (M_{1} + M_{2}) /2$ and $M_{1, 2}$ the masses of $N_{1, 2}$ . Successful leptogenesis requires that $Δ M / M \equiv (M_{2} - M_{1}) / M \sim 1 0^{- 8}$ . We further show that leptogenesis can produce the baryon asymmetry of the Universe within the Neutrino Option scenario when the requisite CP violation in leptogenesis is provided exclusively by the Dirac or Majorana low energy CP violation phases of the PMNS matrix.
hep-phJHEP(2019)·27 citations
13*
Inverse Seesaw and Portal Dark Matter
Chakrit Pongkitivanichkul🇹🇭 · Nakorn Thongyoi🇹🇭 · Patipan Uttayarat🇹🇭
We study the phenomenology of the inverse seesaw mechanism in the scalar-Higgs portal dark matter model. The model is an extension of the Standard Model including two additional neutrinos, a singlet scalar and a fermionic dark matter. We consider the inverse seesaw mechanism where the mass of 2 additional neutrinos are made dynamic by the singlet scalar. We found that the natural scale for the scalar vacuum expectation value is naturally close to the weak scale. Motivating by this fact, we focus on the possibility of the singlet scalar connecting with dark matter, i.e., the scalar is also the mediator between dark sector and the Standard Model. We perform a numerical analysis over the parameter space subject to the indirect and direct detection constraints. The feasible region of the parameter space will be discussed.
hep-phastro-ph.HEPRD(2019)·10 citations
14*
Sensitivity of D meson azimuthal anisotropies to system size and nuclear structure
Roland Katz🇫🇷 · Caio A. G. Prado🇨🇳 · Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler🇺🇸 · Jorge Noronha🇧🇷 · Alexandre A. P. Suaide🇧🇷 · Marcelo G. Munhoz🇧🇷
Recent experimental data at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) confirmed that the soft sector azimuthal anisotropies in central XeXe collisions are sensitive to deformations in the wave function of the Xenon nucleus. Additionally, the CMS experiment found that D meson flow is slightly suppressed compared to other particle species when considering quark number scaling in small systems of pPb compared to PbPb. In this talk we used the D and B Mesons Modular (DAB-MOD) code coupled to Trento+v-USPhydro to calculate the $R_{AA}$ and $v_{n}$ 's of D mesons using different energy loss models and Langevin techniques. Comparing D mesons $R_{AA}$ and $v_{n}$ in PbPb to XeXe collisions it is found that in central collisions D meson azimuthal anisotropies are sensitive to details in the nuclear structure wave function of Xenon. Additionally, we find that in mid-central collisions the smaller system size of XeXe suppresses D meson flow.
↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPoS(2020)·0 citations
15*
Hunting for extra dimensions in the shadow of M87*
Sunny Vagnozzi🇸🇪 · Luca Visinelli🇸🇪
The Event Horizon Telescope has recently provided the first image of the dark shadow around the supermassive black hole M87*. The observation of a highly circular shadow provides strong limits on deviations of M87*'s quadrupole moment from the Kerr value. We show that the absence of such a deviation can be used to constrain the physics of extra dimensions of spacetime. Focusing on the Randall-Sundrum AdS $_{5}$ brane-world scenario, we show that the observation of M87*'s dark shadow sets the limit $ℓ ≲ 170 AU$ , where $ℓ$ is the AdS $_{5}$ curvature radius. This limit is among the first quantitative constraints on exotic physics obtained from the extraordinary first ever image of the dark shadow of a black hole.
↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2019)·392 citations
16*
Tensor Non-Gaussianity Search: Current Status and Future Prospects
Maresuke Shiraishi🇯🇵
Primordial gravitational waves (GWs) are said to be a smoking gun in cosmic inflation, while, even if they are detected, the specification of their origins are still required for establishing a true inflationary model. Testing non-Gaussianity in the tensor-mode anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is one of the most powerful ways to identify sources of GW signals. In this paper, we review studies searching for tensor non-Gaussianities employing the CMB bispectrum and forecast future developments. No significant signal has so far been found from temperature and E-mode polarization data, while orders-of-magnitude improvements in detection limits can be achieved by adding the information of B-mode polarization. There is already an established methodology for bispectrum estimation, which encourages a follow-up investigation with next-decadal CMB B-mode surveys.
↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phFront.Astron.Space Sci.(2019)·53 citations
17*
Data-Driven Modeling of Electron Recoil Nucleation in PICO C $_{3}$ F $_{8}$ Bubble Chambers
C. Amole🇨🇦 · M. Ardid🇪🇸 · I. J. Arnquist🇺🇸 · D. M. Asner🇺🇸 · D. Baxter🇺🇸 · E. Behnke🇺🇸 · M. Bressler🇺🇸 · B. Broerman🇨🇦 · G. Cao🇨🇦 · C. J. Chen🇺🇸 · S. Chen🇨🇦 · U. Chowdhury🇨🇦 and 67 other authors
The primary advantage of moderately superheated bubble chamber detectors is their simultaneous sensitivity to nuclear recoils from WIMP dark matter and insensitivity to electron recoil backgrounds. A comprehensive analysis of PICO gamma calibration data demonstrates for the first time that electron recoils in C $_{3}$ F $_{8}$ scale in accordance with a new nucleation mechanism, rather than one driven by a hot-spike as previously supposed. Using this semi-empirical model, bubble chamber nucleation thresholds may be tuned to be sensitive to lower energy nuclear recoils while maintaining excellent electron recoil rejection. The PICO-40L detector will exploit this model to achieve thermodynamic thresholds as low as 2.8 keV while being dominated by single-scatter events from coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering of solar neutrinos. In one year of operation, PICO-40L can improve existing leading limits from PICO on spin-dependent WIMP-proton coupling by nearly an order of magnitude for WIMP masses greater than 3 GeV c $^{- 2}$ and will have the ability to surpass all existing non-xenon bounds on spin-independent WIMP-nucleon coupling for WIMP masses from 3 to 40 GeV c $^{- 2}$ .
↳ physics.ins-detastro-ph.COhep-exhep-phPRD(2019)·39 citations
18*
Dynamics of Phase Separation from Holography
Maximilian Attems🇪🇸 · Yago Bea🇪🇸 · Jorge Casalderrey-Solana🇪🇸 · David Mateos🇪🇸 · Miguel Zilhao🇵🇹
We use holography to develop a physical picture of the real-time evolution of the spinodal instability of a four-dimensional, strongly-coupled gauge theory with a first-order, thermal phase transition. We numerically solve Einstein's equations to follow the evolution, in which we identify four generic stages: A first, linear stage in which the instability grows exponentially; a second, non-linear stage in which peaks and/or phase domains are formed; a third stage in which these structures merge; and a fourth stage in which the system finally relaxes to a static, phase-separated configuration. On the gravity side the latter is described by a static, stable, inhomogeneous horizon. We conjecture and provide evidence that all static, non-phase separated configurations in large enough boxes are dynamically unstable. We show that all four stages are well described by the constitutive relations of second-order hydrodynamics that include all second-order gradients that are purely spatial in the local rest frame. In contrast, a Müller-Israel-Stewart-type formulation of hydrodynamics fails to provide a good description for two reasons. First, it misses some large, purely-spatial gradient corrections. Second, several second-order transport coefficients in this formulation, including the relaxation times $τ_{π}$ and $τ_{Π}$ , diverge at the points where the speed of sound vanishes.
↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phnucl-thJHEP(2020)·48 citations
19*
Magnetic Field Induced Polarization Difference between Hyperons and Anti-hyperons
Yu Guo🇨🇳 · Shuzhe Shi🇨🇦 · Shengqin Feng🇨🇳 · Jinfeng Liao🇺🇸
Recent STAR measurements suggest a difference in the global spin polarization between hyperons and anti-hyperons, especially at relatively low collision beam energy. One possible cause of this difference is the potential presence of in-medium magnetic field. In this study, we investigate the phenomenological viability of this interpretation. Using the AMPT model framework, we quantify the influence of different magnetic field evolution scenarios on the size of the polarization difference in a wide span of collision beam energies. We find that such difference is very sensitive to the lifetime of the magnetic field. For the same lifetime, the computed polarization difference only mildly depends on the detailed form of its evolution. Assuming magnetic polarization as the mechanism to enhance anti-hyperon signal while suppress hyperon signal, we phenomenologically extract an upper limit on the needed magnetic field lifetime in order to account for the experimental data. The so-obtained lifetime values are in a quite plausible ballpark and follow approximately the scaling relation of being inversely proportional to the beam energy. Possible implications on other magnetic field related effects are also discussed.
↳ nucl-thhep-phPLB(2019)·105 citations
20*
Solar luminosity bounds on mirror matter
Erez Michaely · Itzhak Goldman🇮🇱 · Shmuel Nussinov🇮🇱
We present bounds on mirror dark matter scenario derived by using the effect of mirror matter on the luminosity of the Sun. In the perturbative regime where the mirror matter concentration is small relative to the ordinary matter we estimate the heat transfer from ordinary matter to the mirror sector by simple analytic consideration. That amount of heat transfer is radiated via mirror photons and increases the required energy production in order to maintain the observed luminosity. We then present more detailed numerical calculations of the total amount of this energy transfer.
↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRhep-phPRD(2020)·8 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.