Thu·May 2, 2019Thursday·May 2, 2019

1. 01*

   The Migdal Effect and Photon Bremsstrahlung in effective field theories of dark matter direct detection and coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering

   Nicole F. Bell🇦🇺 · James B. Dent🇺🇸 · Jayden L. Newstead🇺🇸 · Subir Sabharwal🇺🇸 · Thomas J. Weiler🇺🇸

   Dark matter direct detection experiments have limited sensitivity to light dark matter (below a few GeV), due to the challenges of lowering energy thresholds for the detection of nuclear recoil to below $\mathcal{O}(\mathrm{keV})$. While impressive progress has been made on this front, light dark matter remains the least constrained region of dark-matter parameter space. It has been shown that both ionization and excitation due to the Migdal effect and coherently-emitted photon bremsstrahlung from the recoiling atom can provide observable channels for light dark matter that would otherwise have been missed owing to the resulting nuclear recoil falling below the detector threshold. In this paper we extend previous work by calculating the Migdal effect and photon bremmstrahlung rates for a general set of interaction types, including those that are momentum-independent or -dependent, spin-independent or -dependent, as well as examining the rates for a variety of target materials, allowing us to place new experimental limits on some of these interaction types. Additionally, we include a calculation of these effects induced by the coherent scattering on nuclei of solar or atmospheric neutrinos. We demonstrate that the Migdal effect dominates over the bremsstrahlung effect for all targets considered for interactions induced by either dark matter or neutrinos. This reduces photon bremsstrahlung to irrelevancy for future direct detection experiments.

   hep-phPRD(2020)·113 citations
2. 02*

   Anomalies from Non-Perturbative Standard Model Effects

   Colin D. Froggatt🇬🇧 · Holger Bech Nielsen🇩🇰

   We interpret anomalies, deviations, from the standard model as being in fact due to effects not given by perturbation, because the top Yukawa coupling is after all so large that not by perturbation effects become important. Most of the anomalies found have the character of signaling violation of lepton universality. There are four lepton universality violating anomalies known at present, which we shall fit with one overall scale parameter to order of magnitude accuracy. One can look at the picture that we have found - due to the rather strong top Yukawa coupling - as a new sector of strongly interacting particles analogous to quantum color dynamics inside the standard model! In addition we treat what is presumably also an anomaly: the experimental value of the direct charge conjugation parity violation parameter epsilon prime over epsilon turns out to be a factor 2 or more larger than the standard model prediction,but fit our model. However if we include in our anomaly model such processes not involving leptons (but only quarks), it seems superficially that we obtain very large - and unacceptable - anomalies in meson zero meson zero bar etc. mixing. To rescue our model from this falsification, we think of the interacting quarks as provided with clouds (on half terra electron volt scale) of, and that too strongly interacting such clouds cannot penetrate into each other. Thereby the interactions and thus the resulting anomalies are damped. Even with such a crutch for our theory we only barely manage to avoid an overlarge anomaly in the indirect charge conjugation parity violation parameter epsilon. Our modified model also predicts an anomalous contribution to the meson long to meson short mass difference of the same order of magnitude as the experimental value, which is consistent with the deviation from the standard model lattice value.

   hep-phPoS(2019)·2 citations
3. 03*

   A Study of the PDF uncertainty on the LHC W-boson mass measurement

   Moh'd Hussein🇯🇴 · Joshua Isaacson🇺🇸 · Joey Huston🇺🇸

   The determination of the $W$-boson mass through an analysis of the decay charged-lepton transverse momentum distribution has a sizable uncertainty due to the imperfect knowledge of the relevant parton distribution functions (PDFs). In this paper, a quantitative assessment of the $W$-boson mass uncertainty at the LHC resulting from the PDF uncertainty is examined. We use the CT14 NNLO PDFs with a NNLL + NNLO calculation (ResBos) to simulate the $W$-boson production and decay kinematics. The uncertainty of the $W$-boson mass determination is then determined as a function of the boson and lepton kinematics. For $W^{+}$ production using $P_T^W<15$ GeV and $35<P_T^l$ (GeV) $<45$, PDF uncertainties (at the 68% CL) of ${}_{-17.5}^{+16.0}$ MeV, ${}_{-14.8}^{+13.9}$ MeV, and ${}_{-19.2}^{+12.2}$ MeV, are determined at 7 TeV, 8 TeV and 13 TeV respectively. The uncertainties of $W^{-}$ for the same cuts are found to be ${}_{-15.6}^{+15.9}$ MeV, ${}_{-12.7}^{+15.0}$ MeV and ${}_{-15.3}^{+14.8}$ MeV, at 7 TeV, 8 TeV and 13 TeV respectively.

   hep-phhep-exJ.Phys.G(2019)·10 citations
4. 04*

   BFKL Pomeron loop contribution in diffractive photoproduction and inclusive hadroproduction of $J/\psi$ and ${\rm Y}$

   Piotr Kotko🇵🇱 · Leszek Motyka🇵🇱 · Mariusz Sadzikowski🇵🇱 · Anna M. Stasto🇺🇸

   We analyze contributions to the heavy vector meson production with large transverse momentum in proton--proton and diffractive photon--proton scattering driven by an exchange of two Balitsky--Fadin--Kuraev--Lipatov Pomerons in the squared amplitudes. The Pomerons couple to a single parton and form a Pomeron loop closed by the vector meson impact factors. For the photon--proton case the diffractive cut of the Pomeron loop contributes, and for the inclusive hadroproduction one finds the loop with two cut Pomerons. We compute both of these Pomeron loop contributions and study in detail their properties. The results are then used to calculate the cross sections for diffractive $J/\psi$ photoproduction with large transverse momentum at HERA and the correlated two Pomeron contribution for inclusive $J/\psi$ and ${\rm Y}$ production cross sections at the LHC. Within a unified approach a good description of the photoproduction data is found, but correlated two Pomeron mechanism gives only a small contribution to hadroproduction of the vector mesons at the LHC.

   hep-phJHEP(2019)·7 citations
5. 05*

   Color-allowed Bottom Baryon to $s$-wave and $p$-wave Charmed Baryon non-leptonic Decays

   Chun-Khiang Chua🇹🇼

   We study color allowed bottom baryon to $s$-wave and $p$-wave charmed baryon non-leptonic decays in this work. The charmed baryons include spin-1/2 and spin-3/2 states. Explicitly, we consider ${\Lambda }_b\to {\Lambda }_c^{(\ast ,\ast \ast )}{M}^{-}$, ${\Xi }_b\to {\Xi }_c^{(\ast \ast )}{M}^{-}$ and ${\Omega }_b\to {\Omega }_c^{(\ast ,\ast \ast )}{M}^{-}$ decays with $M=\pi ,K,\rho ,K^{\ast },a_1,D,D_s,D^{\ast },D_s^{\ast }$, ${\Lambda }_c^{(\ast ,\ast \ast )}={\Lambda }_c,{\Lambda }_c(2595),{\Lambda }_c(2625),{\Lambda }_c(2765),{\Lambda }_c(2940)$, ${\Xi }_c^{(\ast \ast )}={\Xi }_c,{\Xi }_c(2815),{\Xi }_c(2790)$ and ${\Omega }_c^{(\ast ,\ast \ast )}={\Omega }_c,{\Omega }_c(2770),{\Omega }_c(3050),{\Omega }_c(3090),{\Omega }_c(3120)$. There are six types of transitions, namely, (i) ${\mathcal{B}}_b({\bar{3}}_{\mathbf{f}},1/2^{+})$ to ${\mathcal{B}}_c({\bar{3}}_{\mathbf{f}},1/2^{+})$, (ii) ${\mathcal{B}}_b(6_{\mathbf{f}},1/2^{+})$ to ${\mathcal{B}}_c(6_{\mathbf{f}},1/2^{+})$, (iii) ${\mathcal{B}}_b(6_{\mathbf{f}},1/2^{+})$ to ${\mathcal{B}}_c(6_{\mathbf{f}},3/2^{+})$, (iv) ${\mathcal{B}}_b(6_{\mathbf{f}},1/2^{+})$ to ${\mathcal{B}}_c(6_{\mathbf{f}},3/2^{-})$, (v) ${\mathcal{B}}_b({\bar{3}}_{\mathbf{f}},1/2^{+})$ to ${\mathcal{B}}_c({\bar{3}}_{\mathbf{f}},1/2^{-})$, and (vi) ${\mathcal{B}}_b({\bar{3}}_{\mathbf{f}},1/2^{+})$ to ${\mathcal{B}}_c({\bar{3}}_{\mathbf{f}},3/2^{-})$ transitions. Types (i) to (iii) involve spin 1/2 and 3/2 $s$-wave charmed baryons, while types (iv) to (vi) involve spin 1/2 and 3/2 $p$-wave charmed baryons. The transition form factors are calculated in the light-front quark model approach. All of the form factors in the $1/2\to 1/2$ and $1/2\to 3/2$ transitions are extracted, and they are found to reasonably satisfy the relations obtained in the heavy quark limit, as we are using heavy but finite $m_b$ and $m_c$. Using naïve factorization, decay rates and up-down asymmetries of the above modes are predicted and can be checked experimentally. The study on these decay modes may shed light on the quantum numbers of ${\Lambda }_c(2765)$, ${\Lambda }_c(2940)$ ${\Omega }_c(3050)$, ${\Omega }_c(3090)$ and ${\Omega }_c(3120)$.

   hep-phPRD(2019)·39 citations
6. 06*

   Jet fragmentation as a tool to explore double parton scattering using Z-boson + jets processes at the LHC

   R. Kumar🇮🇳 · M. Bansal🇮🇳 · S. Bansal🇮🇳

   The Large Hadron Collider witnesses the highest ever production cross-section of double parton scattering processes. The production of a Z-boson along with two jets from double parton scattering provides a unique opportunity to explore the kinematics of double parton scattering processes and their dependence on the scale of the second interaction. The experimental measurement of this process is largely contaminated by Z + jets production from single parton scattering. In this paper, fragmentation properties of a jet are explored to check their sensitivity towards double parton scattering. The present study is performed using simulated Z + jets events, produced with \textsc{madgraph} and \textsc{powheg} Monte-Carlo event generators, hadronized and parton showered using \textsc{pythia}8. The effect of different hadronization model on the discrimination based on the fragmentation properties of a jet is also investigated by using events simulated with \textsc{herwig}++. It is observed that discrimination based on the fragmentation properties of a jet can significantly suppress the background from single parton scattering, which results into 40--50\% gain in the contribution of double parton scattering.

   hep-phPRD(2019)·3 citations
7. 07*

   Constraining a general U(1)${}^{\prime }$ inverse seesaw model from vacuum stability, dark matter and collider

   Arindam Das🇯🇵 · Srubabati Goswami🇮🇳 · Vishnudath K. N.🇮🇳 · Takaaki Nomura🇰🇷

   We consider a class of gauged $U(1)$ extensions of the Standard Model (SM), where the light neutrino masses are generated by an inverse seesaw mechanism. In addition to the three right handed neutrinos, we add three singlet fermions and demand an extra $Z_2$ symmetry under which, the third generations of both of the neutral fermions are odd, which in turn gives us a stable dark matter candidate. We express the $U(1)$ charges of all the fermions in terms of the U(1) charges of the standard model Higgs and the new complex scalar. We study the bounds on the parameters of the model from vacuum stability, perturbative unitarity, dark matter relic density and direct detection constraints. We also obtain the collider constraints on the $Z^{\prime }$ mass and the $U(1{)}^{\prime }$ gauge coupling. Finally we compare all the bounds on the $Z^{\prime }$ mass versus the $U(1{)}^{\prime }$ gauge coupling plane.

   hep-phPRD(2020)·45 citations
8. 08*

   Constraints on electroweak gauged unparticle model from the oblique parameters S and T

   Hamza Taibi🇩🇿 · Nourredine Mebarki🇩🇿

   The oblique parameters $S$ and $T$ are calculated in a gauged unparticles model based on the electroweak group $SU(2)\ast U(1)$ and it's parameters space is constrained using electroweak precision measurements.

   hep-phMod.Phys.Lett.A(2020)·0 citations
9. 09*

   Heavy Neutral Leptons from low-scale seesaws at the DUNE Near Detector

   Peter Ballett🇬🇧 · Tommaso Boschi🇬🇧 · Silvia Pascoli🇬🇧

   Heavy nearly-sterile neutrinos are a common ingredient in extensions of the Standard Model which aim to explain neutrino masses, like for instance in Type I seesaw models, or one of its variants. If the scale of the new Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNLs) is sufficiently low, observable signatures can arise in a range of current and upcoming experiments, from the LHC to neutrino experiments. In this article, we discuss the phenomenology of sterile neutrinos in the MeV to GeV mass range, focusing on their decays. We embed our discussion in a realistic mass model and consider the resulting implications. We focus in particular on the impact on the signal of the strong polarisation effects in the beam for Majorana and (pseudo-)Dirac states, providing formulae to incorporate these in both production and decay. We study how the Near Detector of the upcoming Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) can constrain HNL states by searching for their decay products inside the detector. We conduct a Monte Carlo background analysis for the most promising signatures, incorporating the detector's particle identification capabilities, and estimate the experimental sensitivity of DUNE to these particles. We also present an estimate of the ${\nu }_{\tau }$-derived HNL flux at DUNE, currently missing in the literature, which allows us to discuss searches for HNLs at higher masses.

   hep-phJHEP(2020)·172 citations
10. 10*

    Testing dark matter with Cherenkov light -- prospects of H.E.S.S. and CTA for exploring minimal supersymmetry

    Andrzej Hryczuk🇵🇱 · Krzysztof Jodłowski🇵🇱 · Emmanuel Moulin🇫🇷 · Lucia Rinchiuso🇫🇷 · Leszek Roszkowski🇵🇱 · Enrico Maria Sessolo🇵🇱 · Sebastian Trojanowski🇬🇧

    We provide an updated and improved study of the prospects of the H.E.S.S. and Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) experiments in testing neutralino dark matter in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with nine free parameters (p9MSSM). We include all relevant experimental constraints and theoretical developments, in particular the calculation of the Sommerfeld enhancement for both present-day annihilation and the relic abundance. We perform a state-of-the-art analysis of the CTA sensitivity with a log-likelihood test ratio statistics and apply it to a numerical scan of the p9MSSM parameter space focusing on a TeV scale dark matter. We find that, assuming Einasto profile of dark matter halo in the Milky Way, H.E.S.S. has already been able to nearly reach the so-called thermal WIMP value, while CTA will go below it by providing a further improvement of at least an order of magnitude. Both H.E.S.S. and CTA are sensitive to several cases for which direct detection cross section will be below the so-called neutrino floor, with H.E.S.S. being sensitive to most of the wino region, while CTA also covering a large fraction of the ~1 TeV higgsino region. We show that CTA sensitivity will be further improved in the monochromatic photon search mode for both single-component and underabundant dark matter.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2019)·43 citations
11. 11*

    Class Imbalance Techniques for High Energy Physics

    Christopher W. Murphy🇺🇸

    A common problem in a high energy physics experiment is extracting a signal from a much larger background. Posed as a classification task, there is said to be an imbalance in the number of samples belonging to the signal class versus the number of samples from the background class. In this work we provide a brief overview of class imbalance techniques in a high energy physics setting. Two case studies are presented: (1) the measurement of the longitudinal polarization fraction in same-sign $WW$ scattering, and (2) the decay of the Higgs boson to charm-quark pairs.

    hep-phhep-exstat.MLSciPost Phys.(2019)·8 citations
12. 12*

    Probing Cosmic Axions through Resonant Emission and Absorption in Atomic Systems with Superradiance

    Guo-yuan Huang🇨🇳 · Shun Zhou🇨🇳

    The $\mu$eV-mass axion is one of the most promising candidates for cold dark matter, and remains to be a well-motivated solution to the CP problem of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) via the Peccei-Quinn mechanism. In this paper, we propose a novel method to detect the dark-matter axions in our galaxy via the resonant emission $|\mathrm{e}⟩\to |\mathrm{g}⟩+\gamma +{\gamma }_{}^{\prime }+a$ (or absorption $a+|\mathrm{e}⟩\to |\mathrm{g}⟩+\gamma +{\gamma }_{}^{\prime }$) in an atomic system with superradiance, where $|\mathrm{e}⟩$ and $|\mathrm{g}⟩$ stand for the excited and ground energy levels of atoms, respectively. A similar process via $|\mathrm{e}⟩\to |\mathrm{g}⟩+\gamma +a$ (or $a+|\mathrm{e}⟩\to |\mathrm{g}⟩+\gamma$) is also put forward to probe the axion-electron coupling. For the nominal experimental setup assuming a background-free environment, most of the parameter space for typical QCD axion models can be covered with parahydrogen molecules or ytterbium atoms. However, the background in a realistic experimental setup remains to be a major issue that needs to be solved in future studies. Searching for better atomic or molecular candidates may be required for a bigger signal-to-noise ratio.

    hep-phphysics.atom-phPRD(2019)·18 citations
13. 13*

    The Higgs program and open questions in particle physics and cosmology

    Beate Heinemann🇩🇪 · Yosef Nir🇮🇱

    The Higgs program is relevant to many of the open fundamental questions in particle physics and in cosmology. Thus, when discussing future collider experiments, one way of comparing them is by assessing their potential contributions to progress on these questions. We discuss in detail the capabilities of the various proposed experiments in searching for singlet scalars, which are relevant to several of the open questions, and in measuring Higgs decays to fermion pairs, which are relevant to the flavor puzzles. On other interesting questions, we list the most relevant observables within the Higgs program.

    hep-phhep-exUsp.Fiz.Nauk(2019)·14 citations
14. 14*

    Type Ia supernovae from dark matter core collapse

    Ryan Janish🇺🇸 · Vijay Narayan🇺🇸 · Paul Riggins🇺🇸

    Dark matter (DM) which sufficiently heats a local region in a white dwarf will trigger runaway fusion, igniting a type Ia supernova (SN). In a companion paper, this instability was used to constrain DM heavier than $10^{16}$ GeV which ignites SN through the violent interaction of one or two individual DM particles with the stellar medium. Here we study the ignition of supernovae by the formation and self-gravitational collapse of a DM core containing many DM particles. For non-annihilating DM, such a core collapse may lead to a mini black hole that can ignite SN through the emission of Hawking radiation, or possibly as a by-product of accretion. For annihilating DM, core collapse leads to an increasing annihilation rate and can ignite SN through a large number of rapid annihilations. These processes extend the previously derived constraints on DM to masses as low as $10^5$ GeV.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEPRD(2019)·69 citations
15. 15*

    Towards Minkowski space solutions of Dyson-Schwinger Equations through un-Wick rotation

    Tobias Frederico🇧🇷 · Dyana C. Duarte🇧🇷 · Wayne de Paula🇧🇷 · Emanuel Ydrefors🇧🇷 · Shaoyang Jia🇺🇸 · Pieter Maris🇺🇸

    The fermion self-energy is calculated from the rainbow-ladder truncation of the Dyson-Schwinger equation (DSE) in quantum electrodynamics (QED) for spacelike momenta and in the complex momentum plane close to the timelike region, both using Pauli-Villars regularization. Specifically, the DSE is solved in the complex momentum plane by rotating either the energy component of the four-momentum or the magnitude of Euclidean four-momentum to reach the timelike region in Minkowski space. The coupling constant is appropriately chosen to ensure the singularities of the fermion propagator are located in the timelike region while producing significant differences from the perturbative solutions. For simplicity, we choose Feynman gauge, but the method is applicable in other covariant gauges as well. We demonstrate that the approximate spectral representation based on the fermion self-energy near the timelike region is consistent with the solution of the DSE directly in the Euclidean space.

    hep-ph12 citations
16. 16*

    Dark energy without fine tuning

    José Eliel Camargo-Molina🇬🇧 · Tommi Markkanen🇬🇧 · Pat Scott🇬🇧

    We present a two-field model that realises inflation and the observed density of dark energy today, whilst solving the fine-tuning problems inherent in quintessence models. One field acts as the inflaton, generically driving the other to a saddle-point of the potential, from which it acts as a quintessence field following electroweak symmetry breaking. The model exhibits essentially no sensitivity to the initial value of the quintessence field, naturally suppresses its interactions with other fields, and automatically endows it with a small effective mass in the late Universe. The magnitude of dark energy today is fixed by the height of the saddle point in the potential, which is dictated entirely by the scale of electroweak symmetry breaking.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thJHEP(2019)·3 citations
17. 17*

    Summary of strong-field QED Workshop

    M. Altarelli🇩🇪 · R. Assmann🇩🇪 · F. Burkart🇩🇪 · B. Heinemann🇩🇪 · T. Heinzl🇬🇧 · T. Koffas🇨🇦 · A.R. Maier🇩🇪 · D. Reis🇺🇸 · A. Ringwald🇩🇪 · M. Wing

    A workshop, "Probing strong-field QED in electron--photon interactions", was held in DESY, Hamburg in August 2018, gathering together experts from around the world in this area of physics as well as the accelerator, laser and detector technology that underpins any planned experiment. The aim of the workshop was to bring together experts and those interested in measuring QED in the presence of strong fields at and above the Schwinger critical field. The pioneering experiment, E144 at SLAC, measured multi-photon absorption in Compton scattering and $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ pair production in electron--photon interactions but never reached the Schwinger critical field value. With the advances in laser technology, in particular, new experiments are being considered which should be able to measure non-perturbative QED and its transition from the perturbative regime. This workshop reviewed the physics case and current theoretical predictions for QED and even effects beyond the Standard Model in the interaction of a high-intensity electron bunch with the strong field of the photons from a high-intensity laser bunch. The world's various electron beam facilities were reviewed, along with the challenges of producing and delivering laser beams to the interaction region. Possible facilities and sites that could host such experiments were presented, with a view to experimentally realising the Schwinger critical field in the lab during the 2020s.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phphysics.plasm-ph19 citations
18. 18*

    Can dark energy be expressed as a power series of the Hubble parameter?

    Mehdi Rezaei🇮🇷 · Mohammad Malekjani🇮🇷 · Joan Sola🇪🇸

    In this work we examine the possibility that the dark energy (DE) density, ${\rho }_{de}$ can be dynamical and appear as a power series expansion of the Hubble rate (and its derivatives), i.e.${\rho }_{de}(H,\dot{H},...)$. For the present universe, however, only the terms $H$, $\dot{H}$ and $H^2$ can be relevant, together with an additive constant term. We fit these models to the current cosmological data on the main observables SNIa+$H(z)$+BAO+LSS+CMB+BBN. Our analysis involves both the background as well as the cosmic perturbation equations. The latter include, apart from the matter density perturbations, also the DE density perturbations. We assume that matter and dynamical DE are separately self-conserved. As a result the equation of state of the DE becomes a nontrivial function of the cosmological redshift, $w_D=w_D(z)$. The particular subset of DE models of this type having no additive constant term in ${\rho }_{de}$ include the so-called entropic-force and QCD-ghost DE models, as well as the pure linear model ${\rho }_{de}\sim H$ all of which are strongly disfavored in our fitting analysis. In contrast, the models that include the additive term plus one or both of the dynamical components $\dot{H}$ and $H^2$ appear more favored than the $\Lambda$CDM. In particular, the dynamical DE models provide a value of ${\sigma }_8\simeq 0.74-0.77$ which is substantially lower than that of the $\Lambda$CDM and hence more in accordance with the observations. This helps to significantly reduce the ${\sigma }_8$-tension in the structure formation data. At the same time the predicted value for $H_0$ is in between the local and Planck measurements, thus helping to alleviate this tension as well.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2019)·77 citations
19. 19*

    Real-Time Corrections to the Effective Potential

    Guilherme L. Pimentel🇳🇱 · John Stout🇳🇱

    Non-perturbatively generated effective potentials play an extremely useful and often critical role in string and inflationary model building. These potentials are typically computed by methods that assume the system is in equilibrium. For systems out of equilibrium, like an inflaton rolling down its potential, there are corrections to the semi-classical evolution due to transient phenomena. We provide a new qualitative and quantitative understanding of non-perturbative effects in real time for a wide class of toy quantum mechanical models. We derive an effective Schrödinger equation that does not rely on any notion of equilibrium and captures the low-energy dynamics supposedly described by the effective potential. We find that there are potentially large corrections to this potential that are not captured by standard equilibrium techniques, and quantify when these corrections significantly alter the effective dynamics.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COcond-mat.str-elgr-qc+1JHEP(2020)·6 citations
20. 20*

    Complementarity between ILC250 and ILC-GigaZ

    A. Irles🇫🇷 · R. Pöschl🇫🇷 · F. Richard🇫🇷 · H. Yamamoto🇯🇵

    In view of the very precise measurements on fermion couplings which will be performed at ILC250 with polarized beams, there is emerging evidence that the LEP1/SLC measurements on these couplings are an order of magnitude too imprecise to match the accuracies reachable at ILC250. This will therefore severely limit the indirect sensitivity to new resonances and require revisiting the possibility to run ILC at the Z pole with polarized electrons. This work was done as a contribution to the ESU 2018-2020.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph26 citations
21. 21*

    Variation of rest mass scale in a gravitational field

    Abhishek Majhi🇮🇳

    I argue that an angular momentum scale is necessary to explain energy-momentum propagation along a single null geodesic, the scale being known as Planck's constant $(h)$. If $h$ and $c$ (the velocity of light in vacuum), are considered to be given fundamental (constant) scales in local measurements, then the rest mass scale varies exactly inversely as the time scale varies in two different locally flat regions of a curved spacetime. As the time scale variation gives rise to gravitational redshift, the rest mass scale variation leads to a change in the Compton length scale associated with an elementary particle. I suggest an experiment for the MICROSCOPE satellite and report the expected outcome.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-th0 citations
22. 22*

    Constraints on Spin-Independent Nucleus Scattering with sub-GeV Weakly Interacting Massive Particle Dark Matter from the CDEX-1B Experiment at the China Jin-Ping Laboratory

    Z. Z. Liu🇨🇳 · Q. Yue🇨🇳 · L. T. Yang🇨🇳 · K. J. Kang🇨🇳 · Y. J. Li🇨🇳 · H. T. Wong🇹🇼 · M. Agartioglu🇹🇼 · H. P. An🇨🇳 · J. P. Chang🇨🇳 · J. H. Chen🇹🇼 · Y. H. Chen🇨🇳 · J. P. Cheng🇨🇳 and 59 other authors

    We report results on the searches of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with sub-GeV masses ($m_{\chi }$) via WIMP-nucleus spin-independent scattering with Migdal effect incorporated. Analysis on time-integrated (TI) and annual modulation (AM) effects on CDEX-1B data are performed, with 737.1 kg$\cdot$day exposure and 160 eVee threshold for TI analysis, and 1107.5 kg$\cdot$day exposure and 250 eVee threshold for AM analysis. The sensitive windows in $m_{\chi }$ are expanded by an order of magnitude to lower DM masses with Migdal effect incorporated. New limits on ${\sigma }_{\chi N}^{\mathrm{SI}}$ at 90\% confidence level are derived as $2\times$10${}^{-32}\sim 7\times$10${}^{-35}$ $\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^2$ for TI analysis at $m_{\chi }\sim$ 50$-$180 MeV/$c^2$, and $3\times$10${}^{-32}\sim 9\times$10${}^{-38}$ $\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^2$ for AM analysis at $m_{\chi }\sim$75 MeV/$c^2-$3.0 GeV/$c^2$.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phphysics.ins-detPRL(2019)·181 citations
23. 23*

    Measuring dark matter-neutrino relative velocity on cosmological scales

    Hong-Ming Zhu🇺🇸 · Emanuele Castorina🇺🇸

    We present a new method to measure neutrino masses using the dark matter-neutrino relative velocity. The relative motion between dark matter and neutrinos results in a parity-odd bispectrum which can be measured from cross-correlation of different cosmic fields. This new method is not affected by most systematics which are parity even and not limited by the knowledge of optical depth to the cosmic microwave background. We estimate the detectability of the relative velocity effect and find that the minimal sum of neutrino masses could be detected at high significance with upcoming surveys.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2020)·17 citations
24. 24*

    Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background from Axion-Monodromy Oscillons in String Theory During Preheating

    Yu Sang🇨🇳 · Qing-Guo Huang🇨🇳

    Axion monodromy is a generic phenomenon in string compactifications. We investigate the production of gravitational-wave background from axion monodromy inflation during preheating. By performing lattice simulations using pseudo-spectral methods, we find that significant single-peak stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds are generated during preheating for asymptotic linear $|\varphi |$ and ${\varphi }^{2/3}$ potentials in axion monodromy inflation and cuspy potentials. This may allow us to explore string compactifications through gravitational waves.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2019)·46 citations
25. 25*

    Signals for Lorentz violation in gravitational waves

    Matthew Mewes🇺🇸

    Lorentz violations in gravitational waves are investigated. Plane-wave solutions for arbitrary gauge-invariant violations in linearized gravity are constructed. Signatures of Lorentz violation include dispersion, birefringence, and anisotropies. Modifications to waves from coalescing compact binaries and to strain signals in gravitational-wave detectors are derived.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phPRD(2019)·102 citations
26. 26*

    "GammaMaP" - A Mathematica Package for Clifford Algebras, Gamma Matrices and Spinors

    Pyry Kuusela🇬🇧

    We present a Mathematica package for doing computations with gamma matrices, spinors, tensors and other objects, in any dimension and signature. The approach we use is based on defining the commutation relations of the relevant matrices, and is thus general and flexible. As examples, we reproduce torsion conditions for $Ad{S}_3$ compactification of type IIB supergravity from literature, and check the vanishing of supersymmetry variations of 10-dimensional supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.

    ↳ hep-thhep-ph13 citations

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