Tue·Apr 2, 2019Tuesday·April 2, 2019

1. 01*

   A Golden Probe of Nonlinear Higgs Dynamics

   Da Liu🇺🇸 · Ian Low🇺🇸 · Roberto Vega-Morales🇪🇸

   The most salient generic feature of a composite Higgs boson resides in the nonlinearity of its dynamics, which arises from degenerate vacua associated with the pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone (PNGB) nature of the Higgs boson. It has been shown that the nonlinear Higgs dynamics is universal in the IR and controlled only by a single parameter $f$, the decay constant of the PNGB Higgs. In this work we perform a fit, for the first time, to Wilson coefficients of $\mathcal{O}(p^4)$ operators in the nonlinear Lagrangian using the golden H $\to$ 4L decay channel. By utilizing both the "rate" information in the signal strength and the "shape" information in the fully differential spectra, we provide limits on the Goldstone decay constant $f$, as well as $\mathcal{O}(p^4)$ Wilson coefficients, using Run 2 data at the LHC. In rate measurements alone, the golden channel prefers a negative $\xi =v^2/f^2$ corresponding to a non-compact coset structure. Including the shape information, we identify regions of parameter space where current LHC constraint on $f$ is still weak, allowing for $\xi \lesssim 0.5$ or $\xi \gtrsim -0.5$. We also comment on future sensitivity at the high-luminosity upgrade of the LHC which could allow for simultaneous fits to multiple Wilson coefficients.

   hep-phhep-exEPJC(2020)·10 citations
2. 02*

   Proton decay at 1-loop

   Juan Carlos Helo🇨🇱 · Martin Hirsch🇪🇸 · Toshihiko Ota🇪🇸

   Proton decay is usually discussed in the context of grand unified theories. However, as is well-known, in the standard model effective theory proton decay appears in the form of higher dimensional non-renormalizable operators. Here, we study systematically the 1-loop decomposition of the $d=6$ $B+L$ violating operators. We exhaustively list the possible 1-loop ultra-violet completions of these operators and discuss that, in general, two distinct classes of models appear. Models in the first class need an additional symmetry in order to avoid tree-level proton decay. These models necessarily contain a neutral particle, which could act as a dark matter candidate. For models in the second class the loop contribution dominates automatically over the tree-level proton decay, without the need for additional symmetries. We also discuss possible phenomenology of two example models, one from each class, and their possible connections to neutrino masses, LHC searches and dark matter.

   hep-phPRD(2019)·23 citations
3. 03*

   COSINE-100 and DAMA/LIBRA-phase2 in WIMP effective models

   COSINE-100 Collaboration: G. Adhikari · P. Adhikari · E. Barbosa de Souza · N. Carlin · S. Choi · M. Djamal · A. C. Ezeribe · C. Ha · I. S. Hahn · E. J. Jeon · J. H. Jo · H. W. Joo and 39 other authors

   Assuming a standard Maxwellian for the WIMP velocity distribution, we obtain the bounds from null WIMP search results of 59.5 days of COSINE-100 data on the DAMA/LIBRA-phase2 modulation effect within the context of the non-relativistic effective theory of WIMP-nucleus scattering. Here, we systematically assume that one of the effective operators allowed by Galilean invariance dominates in the effective Hamiltonian of a spin-1/2 dark matter (DM) particle. We find that, although DAMA/LIBRA and COSINE-100 use the same sodium-iodide target, the comparison of the two results still depends on the particle-physics model. This is mainly due to two reasons: i) the WIMP signal spectral shape; ii) the expected modulation fractions, when the upper bound on the time-averaged rate in COSINE-100 is converted into a constraint on the annual modulation component in DAMA/LIBRA. We find that the latter effect is the dominant one. For several effective operators the expected modulation fractions are larger than in the standard spin-independent or spin-dependent interaction cases. As a consequence, compatibility between the modulation effect observed in DAMA/LIBRA and the null result from COSINE-100 is still possible for several non-relativistic operators. At low WIMP masses such relatively high values of the modulation fractions arise because COSINE-100 is mainly sensitive to WIMP-sodium scattering events, due to the higher threshold compared to DAMA/LIBRA. A next COSINE analysis is expected to have a full sensitivity for the 5$\sigma$ region of DAMA/LIBRA.

   hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.IMhep-exJCAP(2019)·23 citations
4. 04*

   Looking for the hidden-charm pentaquark resonances in $J/\psi p$ scattering

   Hongxia Huang🇨🇳 · Jun He🇨🇳 · Jialun Ping🇨🇳

   In the framework of quark delocalization color screening model, the three new reported pentaquarks $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$, and $P_c(4457)$ can be identified as the hidden-charm molecular states ${\Sigma }_{c}D$ with $J^P={\frac{1}{2}}^{-}$, ${\Sigma }_c{D}^{\ast }$ with $J^P={\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$, and ${\Sigma }_c{D}^{\ast }$ with $J^P={\frac{1}{2}}^{-}$, in the baryon-meson scattering process, respectively. Besides, the ${\Sigma }_c^{\ast }{D}^{\ast }$ of both $J^P={\frac{1}{2}}^{-}$ and $J^P={\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$ are also possible molecular pentaquarks. Moreover, the calculation is extended to the $P_c-$like molecular pentaquarks $P_b$. Several states with masses above $11$ GeV and narrow width are obtained. All these heavy pentaquarks are worth searching in the future experiments.

   hep-ph47 citations
5. 05*

   Conversion-driven freeze-out: Dark matter genesis beyond the WIMP paradigm

   Mathias Garny🇩🇪 · Jan Heisig🇧🇪 · Marco Hufnagel🇩🇪 · Benedikt Lülf🇩🇪 · Stefan Vogl🇩🇪

   We consider dark matter (DM) with very weak couplings to the standard model (SM), such that its self-annihilation cross section is much smaller than the canonical one, $⟨\sigma v{⟩}_{\chi \chi }\ll 10^{-26}{\mathrm{cm}}^3/\mathrm{s}$. In this case DM self-annihilation is negligible for the dynamics of freeze-out and DM dilution is solely driven by efficient annihilation of heavier accompanying dark sector particles provided that DM maintains chemical equilibrium with the dark sector. This chemical equilibrium is established by conversion processes which require much smaller couplings to be efficient than annihilation. The chemical decoupling of DM from the SM can either be initiated by the freeze-out of annihilation, resembling a co-annihilation scenario, or of conversion processes, leading to the scenario of conversion-driven freeze-out. We focus on the latter and discuss its distinct phenomenology.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPoS(2019)·8 citations
6. 06*

   Study of angular correlations in Monte Carlo simulations

   Balázs Endre Szigeti🇭🇺 · Monika Varga-Kofarago🇭🇺

   In two-particle angular correlation measurements the distribution of charged hadron pairs are evaluated as a function of pseudorapidity ($\Delta \eta$) and azimuthal ($\Delta \phi$) differences. In these correlations, jets manifest themselves as a near-side peak around $\Delta \eta =0,$ $\Delta \phi =0$. These correlations can be used to extract transverse momentum ($p_T$) and centrality dependence of the shape of the near-side peak in Pb-Pb collision. The shape of the near-side peak is quantified by the variances of the distribution. The variances are evaluated from a fit combining the peak and the background. In this contribution, identified and unidentified angular correlations are shown from Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV from Monte Carlo simulations (AMPT, PYTHIA 8.235/Angantyr). Results show that transport models in AMPT give better results than PYTHIA 8.235/Angantyr when comparing to the experimental results of the ALICE collaboration.

   hep-phUniverse(2019)·0 citations
7. 07*

   Two-loop master integrals for the mixed QCD-electroweak corrections for $H\to b\bar{b}$ through a $Ht\bar{t}$-coupling

   Ekta Chaubey🇩🇪 · Stefan Weinzierl🇩🇪

   We present the two-loop master integrals relevant to the $\mathcal{O}(\alpha {\alpha }_s)$-corrections to the decay $H\to b\bar{b}$ through a $Ht\bar{t}$-coupling. We keep the full dependence on the heavy particle masses, but neglect the $b$-quark mass. The occurring square roots can be rationalised and the result is expressed in terms of multiple polylogarithms.

   hep-phJHEP(2019)·27 citations
8. 08*

   Prompt ${\eta }_c$ meson production at the LHC in the NRQCD with $k_T$-factorization

   S.P. Baranov🇷🇺 · A.V. Lipatov🇷🇺

   In the framework of the $k_T$-factorization, the prompt production of ${\eta }_c$ mesons at the LHC conditions is studied. Our consideration is based on the off-shell amplitudes for hard partonic subprocesses and on the nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) formalism for the formation of bound states. We try two latest parametrizations for noncollinear, or transverse momentum dependent (TMD) gluon densities derived from the Catani-Ciafaloni-Fiorani-Marchesini (CCFM) equation. We use the values of the nonperturbative matrix elements obtained from a combined fit of the ${\eta }_c$ and $J/\psi$ differential cross sections. Finally, we show an universal set of parameters that provides a reasonable simultaneous description for all of the available data on the prompt $J/\psi$ and ${\eta }_c$ production at the LHC.

   hep-phEPJC(2019)·20 citations
9. 09*

   Reduction of Couplings and its application in Particle Physics

   Sven Heinemeyer🇪🇸 · Myriam Mondragón🇲🇽 · Nick Tracas🇬🇷 · George Zoupanos🇬🇷

   The idea of reduction of couplings in renormalizable theories will be presented and then will be applied in Particle Physics models. Reduced couplings appeared as functions of a primary one, compatible with the renormalization group equation and thus solutions of a specific set of ordinary differential equations. If these functions have the form of power series the respective theories resemble standard renormalizable ones and thus widen considerably the area covered until then by symmetries as a tool for constraining the number of couplings consistently. Still on the more abstract level reducing couplings enabled one to construct theories with beta-functions vanishing to all orders of perturbation theory. Reduction of couplings became physics-wise truly interesting and phenomenologically important when applied to the standard model and its possible extensions. In particular in the context of supersymmetric theories it became the most powerful tool known today once it was learned how to apply it also to couplings having dimension of mass and to mass parameters. Technically this all relies on the basic property that reducing couplings is a renormalization scheme independent procedure. Predictions of top and Higgs mass prior to their experimental finding highlight the fundamental physical significance of this notion.

   hep-phPhys.Rept.(2019)·41 citations
10. 10*

    The non-equilibrium attractor: Beyond hydrodynamics

    Michael Strickland🇺🇸

    The quark-gluon plasma created in heavy-ion collisions is not in local thermal equilibrium at early times. Despite this, dissipative hydrodynamics describes the evolution of the energy-momentum tensor quite well after only roughly 0.5 - 1 fm/c. This can be understood using the concept of a non-equilibrium dynamical attractor. The attractor is a uniquely identifiable solution to the dynamical equations to which all solutions are drawn as the system evolves. Once solutions collapse onto the non-equilibrium attractor they are ``pseudo-thermalized'' in the sense that they have lost information about the precise initial conditions used, but are not yet in exact local thermal equilibrium. Here I review recent work which demonstrates that there exists a non-equilibrium attractor in full kinetic theory models which goes beyond the usual low-order momentum moments considered in hydrodynamical treatments.

    hep-phnucl-thActa Phys.Polon.B(2019)·6 citations
11. 11*

    Introduction to the transverse-momentum-weighted technique in the twist-3 collinear factorization approach

    Hongxi Xing🇨🇳 · Shinsuke Yoshida🇨🇳

    The twist-3 collinear factorization framework has drawn much attention in recent decades as a successful approach in describing the data for single spin asymmetries (SSAs). Many SSAs data have been experimentally accumulated in a variety of energies since the first measurement was done in late 70s and it is expected that the future experiments like Electron-Ion collider will provide us with more data. In order to perform a consistent and precise description of the data taken in different kinematic regimes, the scale evolution of the collinear twist-3 functions and the perturbative higher order hard part coefficients are mandatory. In this paper, we introduce the techniques for next-to-leading order (NLO) calculation of transverse-momentum-weighted SSAs, which can be served as a useful tool to derive the QCD evolution equation for twist-3 functions, and to verify the QCD collinear factorization for twist-3 observables at NLO, as well as to obtain the finite NLO hard part coefficients.

    hep-phnucl-exnucl-thAdv.High Energy Phys.(2019)·2 citations
12. 12*

    Interpretation of the Narrow $J/\psi p$ Peaks in ${\Lambda }_b\to J/\psi p{K}^{-}$ Decay in the Compact Diquark Model

    Ahmed Ali🇩🇪 · Alexander Ya. Parkhomenko🇷🇺

    Recently, the LHCb Collaboration have updated their analysis of the resonant $J/\psi p$ mass spectrum in the decay ${\Lambda }_b^0\to J/\psi p{K}^{-}$. In the combined Run~1 and Run~2 LHCb data, three peaks are observed, with the former $P_c(4450{)}^{+}$ state split into two narrow states, $P_c(4440{)}^{+}$ and $P_c(4457{)}^{+}$, having the masses $M=(4440.3\pm 1.3_{-4.7}^{+4.1})$ MeV and $M=(4457.3\pm 0.6_{-1.7}^{+4.1})$ MeV, and decay widths $\Gamma =(20.6\pm 4.9_{-10.1}^{+8.7})$ MeV and $\Gamma =(6.4\pm 2.0_{-1.9}^{+5.7})$ MeV, respectively. In addition, a third narrow peak, $P_c(4312{)}^{+}$, having the mass $M=(4311.9\pm 0.7_{-0.6}^{+6.8})$ MeV and decay width $\Gamma =(9.8\pm 2.7_{-4.5}^{+3.7})$ MeV is also observed. The LHCb analysis is not sensitive to broad $J/\psi p$ contributions like the former $P_c(4380{)}^{+}$, implying that there could be more states present in the data. Also the spin-parity, $J^P$, assignments of the states are not yet determined. We interpret these resonances in the compact diquark model as hidden-charm diquark-diquark-antiquark baryons, having the following spin and angular momentum quantum numbers: $P_c(4312{)}^{+}=\{\bar{c}[cu{]}_{s=1}[ud{]}_{s=0};L_P=0,J^P=3/2^{-}\}$, the $S$-wave state, and the other two as $P$-wave states, with $P_c(4440{)}^{+}=\{\bar{c}[cu{]}_{s=1}[ud{]}_{s=0};L_P=1,J^P=3/2^{+}\}$ and $P_c(4457{)}^{+}=\{\bar{c}[cu{]}_{s=1}[ud{]}_{s=0};L_P=1,J^P=5/2^{+}\}$. The subscripts denote the spins of the diquarks and $L_P=0,1$ is the orbital angular momentum quantum number of the pentaquark. These assignments are in accord with the heavy-quark-symmetry selection rules for ${\Lambda }_b$-baryon decays, in which the spin $S=0$ of the light diquark $[ud{]}_{s=0}$ is conserved. The masses of observed states can be accommodated in this framework and the two heaviest states have the positive parities as opposed to the molecular-like interpretations.

    hep-phhep-exPLB(2019)·130 citations
13. 13*

    Probing Sterile Neutrino via Lepton Flavor Violating Decays of Mesons

    Shiyong Hu🇨🇳 · Sam Ming-Yin Wong🇨🇳 · Fanrong Xu🇨🇳

    A sterile neutrino at GeV mass scale is of particular interest in this work. Though not take part in neutrino oscillation, the sterile neutrino can induce flavor violating semileptonic and leptonic decay of $K,D$ and $B$ mesons. We calculated a box diagram contribution in these processes. By making use of current experiment limit of lepton flavor violating decays $M_h^{+}\to M_l^{+}{\ell }_1^{+}{\ell }_2^{-}$ and $M^0\to {\ell }_1^{-}{\ell }_2^{+}$, we explore the allowed parameter space of $U_{e4}$ and $U_{\mu 4}$ in different mass ranges. Generally speaking, both channels give a limit to the product of $U_{e4}$ and $U_{\mu 4}$. When sterile neutrino mass is located in between pion and kaon mass, $K^{+}\to {\pi }^{+}{e}^{\pm }{\mu }^{\mp }$ gives the strongest constraint while $B^{+}\to {\pi }^{+}{e}^{\pm }{\mu }^{\mp }$ provides the dominated constraint when its mass in between of kaon and B meson. If sterile neutrino is even heavier than B mesons, the $B_s^0\to {\mu }^{\pm }{e}^{\mp }$ experiment which is performed at LHCb gives the strongest constraint.

    hep-ph3 citations
14. 14*

    Charmed dibaryon resonances in the potential quark model

    Makoto Oka🇯🇵 · Saori Maeda🇯🇵 · Yan-Rui Liu🇨🇳

    Charmed dibaryon states with the spin-parity $J^{\pi }=0^{+}$, $1^{+}$, and $2^{+}$are predicted for the two-body $Y_{c}N$ ($={\Lambda }_c$, ${\Sigma }_c$, or ${\Sigma }_c^{\ast }$) systems. We employ the complex scaling method for the coupled channel Hamiltonian with the $Y_{c}N$-CTNN potentials, which were proposed in our previous study. We find four sharp resonance states near the ${\Sigma }_{c}N$ and ${\Sigma }_c^{\ast }N$ thresholds. From the analysis of the binding energies of partial channel systems, we conclude that these resonance states are Feshbach resonances. We compare the results with the $Y_{c}N$ resonance states in the heavy quark limit, where the ${\Sigma }_{c}N$ and ${\Sigma }_c^{\ast }N$ thresholds are degenerate, and find that they form two pairs of the heavy-quark doublets in agreement with the heavy quark spin symmetry.

    hep-phnucl-thInt.J.Mod.Phys.Conf.Ser.(2019)·8 citations
15. 15*

    Heavy quark spin multiplet structure of $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$, and $P_c(4457)$

    Yuki Shimizu🇯🇵 · Yasuhiro Yamaguchi🇯🇵 · Masayasu Harada🇯🇵

    Very recently, the LHCb collaboration has reported the new result about the hidden-charm pentaquarks: $P_c(4312)$ near the $\bar{D}{\Sigma }_c$ threshold, and $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$ near ${\bar{D}}^{\ast }{\Sigma }_c$ threshold. We study the heavy quark spin (HQS) multiplet structures of these newly $P_c$ pentaquarks under the heavy quark spin symmetry based on the hadronic molecular picture. We point out that $P_c(4312)$ is the $J^P=1/2^{-}$ member of an HQS triplet, and $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$ are the $J^P=3/2^{-}$ member of the HQS triplet and an HQS singlet with $J^P=3/2^{-}$. Namely, the $P_c(4312)$ and one of $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$ belong to an HQS triplet. The HQS multiplet structure predicts the existence of $J^P=5/2^{-}$ state near ${\bar{D}}^{\ast }{\Sigma }_c^{\ast }$ threshold.

    hep-phnucl-th67 citations
16. 16*

    Nature of the D_0 meson in the D pi scattering with chiral symmetry

    Takumi Sugiura🇯🇵 · Tetsuo Hyodo🇯🇵

    We study the nature of the scalar D_0 meson from the viewpoint of chiral symmetry. With the linear representation of chiral symmetry, we construct the D pi scattering amplitude satisfying the chiral low-energy theorem, in which the D_0 meson appears as an s-wave resonance. We show that the properties of the D_0 meson can be successfully reproduced as the chiral partner of the D meson coupled with the D pi scattering states. At the same time, we find that the spectral function and the pole position of D_0 are not very sensitive to the reduction of the chiral condensate, indicating the importance of the dressing of the bare state by the D pi molecular component.

    hep-phnucl-thPRC(2019)·3 citations
17. 17*

    A prescription for projectors to compute helicity amplitudes in D dimensions

    Long Chen🇩🇪

    This article discusses a prescription to compute polarized dimensionally regularized amplitudes, providing a recipe for constructing simple and general polarized amplitude projectors in D dimensions that avoids conventional Lorentz tensor decomposition and avoids also dimensional splitting. Because of the latter, commutation between Lorentz index contraction and loop integration is preserved within this prescription, which entails certain technical advantages. The usage of these D-dimensional polarized amplitude projectors results in helicity amplitudes that can be expressed solely in terms of external momenta, but different from those defined in the existing dimensional regularization schemes. Furthermore, we argue that despite being different from the conventional dimensional regularization scheme (CDR), owing to the amplitude-level factorization of ultraviolet and infrared singularities, our prescription can be used, within an infrared subtraction framework, in a hybrid way without re-calculating the (process-independent) integrated subtraction coefficients, many of which are available in CDR. This hybrid CDR-compatible prescription is shown to be unitary. We include two examples to demonstrate this explicitly and also to illustrate its usage in practice.

    hep-phhep-thEPJC(2021)·63 citations
18. 18*

    Unequal rapidity correlators in the dilute limit of JIMWLK

    Tuomas Lappi🇫🇮 · Andrecia Ramnath🇫🇮

    We study unequal rapidity correlators in the stochastic Langevin picture of Jalilian-Marian-Iancu-McLerran-Weigert-Leonidov-Kovner (JIMWLK) evolution in the Color Glass Condensate effective field theory. We discuss a diagrammatic interpretation of the long-range correlators. By separately evolving the Wilson lines in the direct and complex conjugate amplitudes, we use the formalism to study two-particle production at large rapidity separations. We show that the evolution between the rapidities of the two produced particles can be expressed as a linear equation, even in the full nonlinear limit. We also show how the Langevin formalism for two-particle correlations reduces to a BFKL picture in the dilute limit and in momentum space, providing an interpretation of BFKL evolution as a stochastic process for color charges.

    hep-phnucl-thPRD(2019)·5 citations
19. 19*

    Anatomy of the newly observed hidden-charm pentaquark states: $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$

    Zhi-Hui Guo🇨🇳 · J. A. Oller🇪🇸

    We study the newly reported hidden-charm pentaquark candidates $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$ from the LHCb Collaboration, in the framework of the effective-range expansion and resonance compositeness relations. The scattering lengths and effective ranges from the $S$-wave ${\Sigma }_c\bar{D}$ and ${\Sigma }_c{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ scattering are calculated by using the experimental results of the masses and widths of the $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$. Then we calculate the couplings between the $J/\psi p,{\Sigma }_c\bar{D}$ channels and the pentaquark candidate $P_c(4312)$, with which we further estimate the probabilities of finding the $J/\psi p$ and ${\Sigma }_c\bar{D}$ components inside $P_c(4312)$. The partial decay widths and compositeness coefficients are calculated for the $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$ states by including the $J/\psi p$ and ${\Sigma }_c{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ channels. Similar studies are also carried out for the three $P_c$ states by including the ${\Lambda }_c{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ and ${\Sigma }_c{\bar{D}}^{(\ast )}$ channels.

    hep-phPLB(2019)·155 citations
20. 20*

    Exploring the molecular scenario of $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$, and $P_c(4457)$

    Cheng-Jian Xiao🇨🇳 · Yin Huang🇨🇳 · Yu-Bing Dong🇨🇳 · Li-Sheng Geng🇨🇳 · Dian-Yong Chen🇨🇳

    In the present work, we assign the newly observed $P_c(4312)$ as a $I(J^P)=\frac{1}{2}(\frac{1}{2}{)}^{-}$ molecular state composed of ${\Sigma }_c\bar{D}$, while $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$ as ${\Sigma }_c{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ molecular states with $I(J^P)=\frac{1}{2}(\frac{1}{2}{)}^{-}$ and $\frac{1}{2}(\frac{3}{2}{)}^{-}$, respectively. In this molecular scenario, we investigate the $P_c\to J/\psi p$ process of these three states and further predict the ratios of the $\mathcal{B}(P_c\to J/\psi p)$ and those of $\mathcal{B}({\Lambda }_b\to P_{c}K)$ between these three states, which could serve as a crucial test of the present molecular scenario.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2019)·185 citations
21. 21*

    QCD and electroweak corrections to WZ scattering at the LHC

    Ansgar Denner🇩🇪 · Stefan Dittmaier🇩🇪 · Philipp Maierhöfer🇩🇪 · Mathieu Pellen🇬🇧 · Christopher Schwan🇩🇪

    We present the first computation of the full next-to-leading-order QCD and electroweak corrections to the WZ scattering process at the LHC. All off-shell, gauge-boson-decay, and interference effects are taken into account for the process $\mathrm{pp}\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}{\mathrm{e}}^{+}{\nu }_{\mathrm{e}}\mathrm{jj}+X$ at the orders $\mathcal{O}\left({\alpha }_{\mathrm{s}}{\alpha }^6\right)$ and $\mathcal{O}\left({\alpha }^7\right)$. The electroweak corrections feature the typical Sudakov behaviour towards high energy and amount to $-16\%$ relative to the electroweak contribution to the integrated cross section. Moreover, the corrections induce significant shape distortions in differential distributions. The next-to-leading-order analysis of the quark- and gluon-induced channels is supplemented by a leading-order study of all possible contributions to the full $4\ell +2\text{mbox}jets$ production cross section in a realistic fiducial phase-space volume.

    hep-phJHEP(2019)·78 citations
22. 22*

    Bs mixing observables and Vtd/Vts from sum rules

    Daniel King🇬🇧 · Alexander Lenz🇬🇧 · Thomas Rauh🇨🇭

    We consider the effects of a non-vanishing strange-quark mass in the determination of the full basis of dimension six matrix elements for $B_s$ mixing, in particular we get for the ratio of the $V-A$ Bag parameter in the $B_s$ and $B_d$ system: ${\overline{B}}_{Q_1}^s/{\overline{B}}_{Q_1}^d=0.987_{-0.009}^{+0.007}$. Combining these results with the most recent lattice values for the ratio of decay constants $f_{B_s}/f_{B_d}$ we obtain the most precise determination of the ratio $\xi =f_{B_s}\sqrt{{\overline{B}}_{Q_1}^s}/f_{B_d}\sqrt{{\overline{B}}_{Q_1}^d}=1.2014_{-0.0072}^{+0.0065}$ in agreement with recent lattice determinations. We find $\Delta M_s=(18.5_{-1.5}^{+1.2}){\text{ps}}^{-1}$ and $\Delta M_d=(0.547_{-0.046}^{+0.035}){\text{ps}}^{-1}$ to be consistent with experiments at below one sigma. Assuming the validity of the SM, our calculation can be used to directly determine the ratio of CKM elements $|V_{td}/V_{ts}|=0.2045_{-0.0013}^{+0.0012}$, which is compatible with the results from the CKM fitting groups, but again more precise.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latJHEP(2019)·119 citations
23. 23*

    Analytic Form of the Planar Two-Loop Five-Parton Scattering Amplitudes in QCD

    S. Abreu🇧🇪 · J. Dormans🇩🇪 · F. Febres Cordero🇩🇪 · H. Ita🇩🇪 · B. Page🇫🇷 · V. Sotnikov🇩🇪

    We present the analytic form of all leading-color two-loop five-parton helicity amplitudes in QCD. The results are analytically reconstructed from exact numerical evaluations over finite fields. Combining a judicious choice of variables with a new approach to the treatment of particle states in $D$ dimensions for the numerical evaluation of amplitudes, we obtain the analytic expressions with a modest computational effort. Their systematic simplification using multivariate partial-fraction decomposition leads to a particularly compact form. Our results provide all two-loop amplitudes required for the calculation of next-to-next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the production of three jets at hadron colliders in the leading-color approximation.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2019)·153 citations
24. 24*

    Complete Matching for Quasi-distribution Functions in Large Momentum Effective Theory

    Wei Wang🇨🇳 · Jian-Hui Zhang🇩🇪 · Shuai Zhao🇨🇳 · Ruilin Zhu🇨🇳

    We complete the procedure of extracting parton distribution functions (PDFs) using large momentum effective theory (LaMET) at leading power accuracy in the hadron momentum. We derive a general factorization formula for the quasi PDFs in the presence of mixing, and give the corresponding hard matching kernel at $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s)$, both for the unpolarized and for the polarized quark and gluon quasi-PDFs. Our calculation is performed in a regularization-independent momentum subtraction scheme. The results allow us to match the nonperturbatively renormalized quasi-PDFs to normal PDFs in the presence of mixing, and therefore can be used to extract flavor-singlet quark PDFs as well as gluon PDFs from lattice simulations.

    hep-phhep-latnucl-thPRD(2019)·86 citations
25. 25*

    On Anomaly-Free Dark Matter Models

    Pavel Fileviez Perez🇺🇸 · Elliot Golias🇺🇸 · Rui-Hao Li🇺🇸 · Clara Murgui🇪🇸 · Alexis D. Plascencia🇺🇸

    We investigate the predictions of anomaly-free dark matter models for direct and indirect detection experiments. We focus on gauge theories where the existence of a fermionic dark matter candidate is predicted by anomaly cancellation, its mass is defined by the new symmetry breaking scale, and its stability is guaranteed by a remnant symmetry after the breaking of the gauge symmetry. We find an upper bound on the symmetry breaking scale by applying the relic density and perturbative constraints. The anomaly-free property of the theories allows us to perform a full study of the gamma lines from dark matter annihilation. We investigate the correlation between predictions for final radiation processes and gamma lines. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the latter can be distinguished from the continuum gamma ray spectrum.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2019)·30 citations
26. 26*

    Seeking for sterile neutrinos with displaced leptons at the LHC

    Jia Liu🇺🇸 · Zhen Liu🇺🇸 · Lian-Tao Wang🇺🇸 · Xiao-Ping Wang🇺🇸

    We study the signal of long-lived sterile neutrino at the LHC produced through the decay of the $W$ boson. It decays into charged lepton and jets. The characteristic signature is a hard prompt lepton and a lepton from the displaced decay of the sterile neutrino, which leads to a bundle of displaced tracks with large transverse impact parameter. Different from other studies, we neither reconstruct the displaced vertex nor place requirement on its invariant mass to maintain sensitivity for low sterile neutrino masses. Instead, we focus on the displaced track from the lepton. A difficulty for low mass sterile neutrino study is that the displaced lepton is usually \textit{non-isolated}. Therefore, leptons from heavy flavor quark is the major source of background. We closely follow a search for displaced electron plus muon search at CMS and study their control regions, which is related to our signal regions, in great detail to develop a robust estimation of the background for our signals. After further optimization on the signal limiting the number of jets, low $H_T$ and large lepton displacement $d_0$ to suppress SM background, we reach an exclusion sensitivity of about $10^{-8}$ ($10^{-5}$) for the mixing angle square at 10 (2) GeV sterile neutrino mass respectively. The strategy we propose can cover the light sterile masses complimentary to beam dump and forward detector experiments.

    hep-phJHEP(2019)·55 citations
27. 27*

    Improved bounds on W-W' mixing with ATLAS resonant WZ production data at the LHC at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV

    I.A. Serenkova🇧🇾 · P. Osland🇳🇴 · A.A. Pankov🇧🇾

    New charged vector bosons $W^{\prime }$ decaying into gauge boson pairs $WZ$ are predicted in many scenarios of new physics, including models with an extended gauge sector (EGM). Due to the large variety of models (other unification groups, models with Supersymmetry, Little Higgs Models, Extra Dimensions) the more general EGM approach is here considered. For what concerns $W^{\prime }$-production, these models are parametrised by two parameters, the $W^{\prime }$ mass $M_{W^{\prime }}$ and the $W$-$W^{\prime }$ mixing parameter $\xi$. The diboson $WZ$ production allows to place stringent constraints on this mixing angle and the $W^{\prime }$ mass, which we determine and present for the first time by using data from $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the CERN LHC, with integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb${}^{-1}$. By comparing the experimental limits to the theoretical predictions for the total cross section of $W^{\prime }$ resonant production and its subsequent decay into $WZ$ pairs, we show that the derived constraints on the mixing angle for the benchmark model are rather small, between $10^{-4}$ and $10^{-3}$, i.e., greatly improved with respect to those derived from the global analysis of electroweak data which yield $\xi \sim 10^{-2}$. We combine the limits derived from $WZ$ production data with those obtained from the $W^{\prime }\to e\nu$ process in order to significantly extend the exclusion region in the $M_{W^{\prime }}$-$\xi$ parameter plane and obtain the most stringent exclusion limits to date. We present the combined allowed parameter space for the EGM $W^{\prime }$ boson after incorporating indirect constraints from low energy electroweak data, direct search constraints from Tevatron and from the LHC Run I with 7 and 8 TeV as well as at Run II with 13 TeV data.

    hep-phPRD(2019)·7 citations
28. 28*

    Reconstructing Rational Functions with $\text{FireFly}$

    Jonas Klappert🇩🇪 · Fabian Lange🇩🇪

    We present the open-source $\text{C++}$ library $\text{FireFly}$ for the reconstruction of multivariate rational functions over finite fields. We discuss the involved algorithms and their implementation. As an application, we use $\text{FireFly}$ in the context of integration-by-parts reductions and compare runtime and memory consumption to a fully algebraic approach with the program $\text{Kira}$.

    ↳ cs.SChep-phComput.Phys.Commun.(2020)·246 citations
29. 29*

    Exact solution of the Schrödinger equation for an hydrogen atom at the interface between the vacuum and a topologically insulating surface

    D. A. Bonilla🇨🇱 · A. Martín-Ruiz🇲🇽 · L. F. Urrutia🇲🇽

    When an hydrogen atom is brought near to the interface between $\theta$-media, the quantum-mechanical motion of the electron will be affected by the electromagnetic interaction between the atomic charges and the $\theta$-interface, which is described by an axionic extension of Maxwell electrodynamics in the presence of a boundary. In this paper we investigate the atom-surface interaction effects upon the energy levels and wave functions of an hydrogen atom placed at the interface between a $\theta$-medium and the vacuum. In the approximation considered, the Schrödinger equation can be exactly solved by separation of variables in terms of hypergeometic functions for the angular part and hydrogenic functions for the radial part. In order to make such effects apparent we deal with unrealistic high values of the $\theta$-parameter. We also compute the energy shifts using perturbation theory for a particular small value of $\theta$ and we demonstrate that they are in a very good agreement with the ones obtained from the exact solution.

    ↳ cond-mat.mes-hallhep-phEur.Phys.J.D(2019)·3 citations
30. 30*

    Extraction of the Heavy-Quark Potential from Bottomonium Observables in Heavy-Ion Collisions

    Xiaojian Du🇺🇸 · Shuai Y.F. Liu🇺🇸 · Ralf Rapp🇺🇸

    The in-medium color potential is a fundamental quantity for understanding the properties of the strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma (sQGP). Open and hidden heavy-flavor (HF) production in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions (URHICs) has been found to be a sensitive probe of this potential. Here we utilize a previously developed quarkonium transport approach in combination with insights from open HF diffusion to extract the color-singlet potential from experimental results on ${\rm Y}$ production in URHICs. Starting from a parameterized trial potential, we evaluate the ${\rm Y}$ transport parameters and conduct systematic fits to available data for the centrality dependence of ground and excited states at RHIC and the LHC. The best fits and their statistical significance are converted into a temperature-dependent potential. Including nonperturbative effects in the dissociation rate guided from open HF phenomenology, we extract a rather strongly coupled potential with substantial remnants of the long-range confining force in the QGP.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPLB(2019)·41 citations
31. 31*

    Meson-meson scattering lengths at maximum isospin from lattice QCD

    Christopher Helmes🇩🇪 · Christian Jost🇩🇪 · Bastian Knippschild🇩🇪 · Bartosz Kostrzewa🇩🇪 · Liuming Liu🇨🇳 · Ferenc Pittler🇩🇪 · Carsten Urbach🇩🇪 · Markus Werner🇩🇪

    We summarize our lattice QCD determinations of the pion-pion, pion-kaon and kaon-kaon s-wave scattering lengths at maximal isospin with a particular focus on the extrapolation to the physical point and the usage of next-to-leading order chiral perturbation theory to do so. We employ data at three values of the lattice spacing and pion masses ranging from around 230 MeV to around 450 MeV, applying Luescher's finite volume method to compute the scattering lengths. We find that leading order chiral perturbation theory is surprisingly close to our data even in the kaon-kaon case for our entire range of pion masses.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thPoS(2019)·5 citations
32. 32*

    New Black-String Solutions for an Anti-de Sitter Brane in Scalar-Tensor Gravity

    Theodoros Nakas🇬🇷 · Nikolaos Pappas🇬🇷 · Panagiota Kanti🇬🇷

    We consider a five-dimensional theory with a scalar field non-minimally-coupled to gravity, and we look for novel black-string solutions in the bulk. By appropriately choosing the non-minimal coupling function of the scalar field, we analytically solve the gravitational and scalar-field equations in the bulk to produce black-string solutions that describe a Schwarzschild-Anti-de Sitter space-time on the brane. We produce two complete such solutions that are both characterised by a regular scalar field, a localised-close-to-our brane energy-momentum tensor and a negative-definite, non-trivial bulk potential that may support by itself the warping of the space-time even in the absence of the traditional, negative, bulk cosmological constant. Despite the infinitely-long string singularity in the bulk, the four-dimensional effective theory on the brane is robust with the effective gravity scale being related to the fundamental one and the warping scale. It is worth noting that if we set the mass of the black hole on the brane equal to zero, the black string disappears leaving behind a regular brane-world model with only a true singularity at the boundary of the fifth dimension.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phPRD(2019)·17 citations
33. 33*

    Anisotropic pressure induced by finite-size effects in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory

    Masakiyo Kitazawa🇯🇵 · Sylvain Mogliacci🇿🇦 · Isobel Kolbé🇿🇦 · W. A. Horowitz🇿🇦

    We study the pressure anisotropy in anisotropic finite-size systems in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory at nonzero temperature. Lattice simulations are performed on lattices with anisotropic spatial volumes with periodic boundary conditions. The energy-momentum tensor defined through the gradient flow is used for the analysis of the stress tensor on the lattice. We find that a clear finite-size effect in the pressure anisotropy is observed only at a significantly shorter spatial extent compared with the free scalar theory, even when accounting for a rather large mass in the latter.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thPRD(2019)·40 citations
34. 34*

    Atomic parity violation and the standard model

    Carl Wieman🇺🇸 · Andrei Derevianko🇺🇸

    A concise review of atomic parity violation with a focus on the measurement and interpretation of parity violation in cesium.

    ↳ physics.atom-phhep-ph14 citations
35. 35*

    Light Dark Matter Search and Spectroscopy -- Brief Review and An Experimental Technique

    Masroor H. S. Bukhari🇸🇦

    A brief review of light dark matter particles and their spectroscopy is presented, specifically aimed at understanding the interaction mechanisms of axion and Axion-Like Particles (ALPs) with matter and an interim proposal and some ideas for possible detection of these evasive particles. In order to venture into the highly challenging spectral regions and extremely weak signals involved with these searches (especially for the DFSZ axions), a different scheme is proposed departing from the conventional resonant cavity mass scan and heterodyne detection methods. We aim to look for a fixed mass axionic field and concentrate our search at the corresponding resonant frequency and its higher harmonics using a simple phase-sensitive dc detection method, which could possibly be helpful in substantially reducing both the hardware, experiment complexities and long run times. The probable mass range suggested in the model presented here begins with 22.5microeV, corresponding to a resonant frequency of 5.4GHz, going all the way to its two multiples of 90 and 112.5microeV (corresponding to 24.3 and 27.0GHz frequencies, respectively), with high probability of finding an axion or ALP around these mass values. We present a comprehensive measurement strategy and spectroscopy technique based upon this model which revolves around a three-stage amplification and phase-sensitive detection scheme to maximize and detect a resonant axionic coupling to the U(1) fields under a coherent Primakoff effect interaction. The feasibility of proposed scheme is demonstrated with some calculations, simulations and preliminary tests. This experimental technique and ideas reported here have significant potential to be developed into an extremely sensitive narrow-range dark matter axion/ALP spectroscopy experiment.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph0 citations
36. 36*

    Excited $B_c$ States via Continuum QCD

    Lei Chang🇨🇳 · Muyang Chen🇨🇳 · Yu-xin Liu🇨🇳

    We study the most recently observed excited $B_c$ states with the Dyson-Schwinger equation and the Bethe-Salpeter equation approach of continuum QCD. The obtained $M_{B_c^{+}(2S)}=6.813(16)\text{GeV}$, $M_{B_c^{\ast +}(2S)}=6.841(18)\text{GeV}$ and the mass splitting $M_{B_c^{+}(2S)}-M_{B_c^{\ast +}(2S)}^{\text{rec}}\approx 0.039\text{GeV}$ agree with the observations very well. Moreover we predict the leptonic decay constant $f_{B_c^{+}(2S)}=-0.165(10)\text{GeV}$, $f_{B_c^{\ast +}(2S)}=-0.161(7)\text{GeV}$ respectively.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRD(2020)·17 citations
37. 37*

    Counting Rules of Nambu-Goldstone Modes

    Haruki Watanabe🇯🇵

    When global continuous symmetries are spontaneously broken, there appear gapless collective excitations called Nambu-Goldstone modes (NGMs) that govern the low-energy property of the system. The application of this famous theorem ranges from high-energy, particle physics to condensed matter and atomic physics. When a symmetry breaking occurs in systems that lack the Lorentz invariance to start with, as is usually the case in condensed matter systems, the number of resulting NGMs can be fewer than that of broken symmetry generators, and the dispersion of NGMs is not necessarily linear. In this article, we review recently established formulas for NGMs associated with broken internal symmetries that work equally for relativistic and nonrelativistic systems. We also discuss complexities of NGMs originating from space-time symmetry breaking. In the process we cover many illuminating examples from various context. We also present a complementary point of view from the Lieb-Schultz-Mattis theorem.

    ↳ cond-mat.othercond-mat.quant-gashep-phhep-th+1Ann.Rev.Condensed Matter Phys.(2020)·78 citations
38. 38*

    Spins of primordial binary black holes before coalescence

    Konstantin Postnov (SAI MSU Moscow)🇷🇺 · Nikita Mitichkin (Faculty of Physics MSU Moscow)🇷🇺

    Primordial stellar-mass black holes, which may contribute to dark matter and to the observed LIGO binary black hole coalescences, are expected to be born with very low spins. Here we show that accretion mass gain by the components of a primordial black hole binary from the surrounding matter could lead to noticeable spins of the components prior to the coalescence provided high initial orbital eccentricities.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phJCAP(2019)·22 citations
39. 39*

    No hair theorem for massless scalar fields outside asymptotically flat horizonless reflecting compact stars

    Yan Peng🇨🇳

    In a recent paper, Hod started a study on no scalar hair theorem for asymptotically flat spherically symmetric neutral horizonless reflecting compact stars. In fact, Hod's approach only rules out massive scalar fields. In the present paper, for massless scalar fields outside neutral horizonless reflecting compact stars, we provide a rigorous mathematical proof on no hair theorem. We show that asymptotically flat spherically symmetric neutral horizonless reflecting compact stars cannot support exterior massless scalar field hairs.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thEPJC(2019)·6 citations
40. 40*

    Novel scheme for parametrizing the chemical freeze-out surface in Heavy Ion Collision Experiments

    Sumana Bhattacharyya🇮🇳 · Deeptak Biswas🇮🇳 · Sanjay K. Ghosh🇮🇳 · Rajarshi Ray🇮🇳 · Pracheta Singha🇮🇳

    We introduce a new prescription for obtaining the chemical freeze-out parameters in the heavy-ion collision experiments using the Hadron Resonance Gas model. The scheme is found to reliably estimate the freeze-out parameters and predict the hadron yield ratios, which themselves were never used in the parametrization procedure.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRD(2019)·21 citations
41. 41*

    The Ineludible non-Gaussianity of the Primordial Black Hole Abundance

    V. De Luca🇨🇭 · G. Franciolini🇨🇭 · A. Kehagias🇬🇷 · M. Peloso🇮🇹 · A. Riotto🇨🇭 · C. Ünal🇨🇿

    We study the formation of primordial black holes when they are generated by the collapse of large overdensities in the early universe. Since the density contrast is related to the comoving curvature perturbation by a nonlinear relation, the overdensity statistics is unavoidably non-Gaussian. We show that the abundance of primordial black holes at formation may not be captured by a perturbative approach which retains the first few cumulants of the non-Gaussian probability distribution. We provide two techniques to calculate the non-Gaussian abundance of primordial black holes at formation, one based on peak theory and the other on threshold statistics. Our results show that the unavoidable non-Gaussian nature of the inhomogeneities in the energy density makes it harder to generate PBHs. We provide simple (semi-)analytical expressions to calculate the non-Gaussian abundances of the primordial black holes and show that for both narrow and broad power spectra the gaussian case from threshold statistics is reproduced by increasing the amplitude of the power spectrum by a factor $\mathcal{O}(2÷3)$.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thJCAP(2019)·209 citations
42. 42*

    Reconstructing the EFT of Inflation from Cosmological Data

    Amel Durakovic🇩🇰 · Paul Hunt🇩🇰 · Subodh P. Patil🇩🇰 · Subir Sarkar🇬🇧

    Reconstructions of the primordial power spectrum (PPS) of curvature perturbations from cosmic microwave background anisotropies and large-scale structure data suggest that the usually assumed power-law PPS has localised features (up to $\sim 10\%$ in amplitude), although of only marginal significance in the framework of $\Lambda$CDM cosmology. On the other hand if the underlying cosmology is assumed to be Einstein-de Sitter, larger features in the PPS (up to $\sim 20\%$) are required to accurately fit the observed acoustic peaks. Within the context of single clock inflation, we show that any given reconstruction of the PPS can be mapped on to functional parameters of the underlying effective theory of the adiabatic mode within a 2nd-order formalism, provided the best fit fractional change of the PPS, $\Delta {\mathcal{P}}_{\mathcal{R}}/{\mathcal{P}}_{\mathcal{R}}$ is such that $(\Delta {\mathcal{P}}_{\mathcal{R}}/{\mathcal{P}}_{\mathcal{R}}{)}^3$ falls within the $1\sigma$ confidence interval of the reconstruction for features induced by variations of either the sound speed $c_{\mathrm{s}}$ or the slow-roll parameter $ϵ$. Although there is a degeneracy amongst these functional parameters (and the models that project onto them), we can identify simple representative inflationary models that yield such features in the PPS. Thus we provide a dictionary (more accurately, a thesaurus) to go from observational data, via the reconstructed PPS, to models that reproduce them to per cent level precision.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-thSciPost Phys.(2019)·13 citations
43. 43*

    Quantum 4d Yang-Mills Theory and Time-Reversal Symmetric 5d Higher-Gauge Topological Field Theory

    Zheyan Wan🇨🇳 · Juven Wang🇺🇸 · Yunqin Zheng🇺🇸

    We explore 4d Yang-Mills gauge theories (YM) living as boundary conditions of 5d gapped short/long-range entangled (SRE/LRE) topological states. Specifically, we explore 4d time-reversal symmetric pure YM of an SU(2) gauge group with a second-Chern-class topological term at $\theta =\pi$ (SU(2)${}_{\theta =\pi }$ YM), by turning on background fields for both the time-reversal (i.e., on unorientable manifolds) and 1-form center global symmetry. We find four classes of time-reversal and Lorentz symmetry-enriched SU(2)${}_{\theta =\pi }$ YM, labeled by $(K_1,K_2)$: $K_1=0,1$ specifies Kramers singlet/doublet Wilson line and new mixed higher 't Hooft anomalies; $K_2=0,1$ specifies boson/fermionic Wilson line and a new Wess-Zumino-Witten-like counterterm. Higher anomalies indicate that to realize all higher $n$-global symmetries locally on $n$-simplices, the 4d theory becomes a boundary of a 5d higher-symmetry-protected topological state (SPTs, as an invertible topological quantum field theory (TQFT) or a cobordism invariant in math, or as a 5d higher-symmetric interacting topological superconductor in condensed matter). By dynamically gauging the 1-form symmetry, we transform a 5d bulk SRE SPTs into an LRE symmetry-enriched topologically ordered state (SETs); thus we obtain the 4d SO(3)${}_{\theta =\pi }$ YM-5d LRE-higher-SETs coupled system with higher-form gauge fields. We further derive new exotic anyonic statistics of extended objects such as 2-worldsheet of strings and 3-worldvolume of branes, physically characterizing the 5d SETs. We discover triple and quadruple link invariants associated with the 5d higher-gauge TQFTs, hinting at a relation between non-supersymmetric 4d pure YM and topological links in 5d. We provide 4d-5d lattice simplicial complex regularizations and bridge to 4d quantum spin liquids. We constrain gauge dynamics by higher anomalies and a higher symmetry-extension method.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.str-elhep-phmath.AT+1PRD(2019)·62 citations
44. 44*

    Rock 'n' Roll Solutions to the Hubble Tension

    Prateek Agrawal🇺🇸 · Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine🇺🇸 · David Pinner🇺🇸 · Lisa Randall🇺🇸

    Local measurements of the Hubble parameter are increasingly in tension with the value inferred from a $\Lambda$CDM fit to the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. In this paper, we construct scenarios in which evolving scalar fields significantly ease this tension by adding energy to the Universe around recombination in a narrow redshift window. We identify solutions with scalar field potential $V\propto {\varphi }^{2n}$ that have simple asymptotic behavior, both oscillatory (rocking) and rolling. These solutions consistently describe both the field evolution and its fluctuations without approximation. Our findings differ qualitatively from some of the existing literature, which rely upon a coarse-grained fluid description. Combining CMB data with low-redshift measurements, the best fit model has $n=2$ with a significantly higher value of the Hubble constant as compared to a $\Lambda$CDM fit to the same data. Future measurements of the late-time amplitude of matter fluctuations and of the reionization history could help distinguish these models from competing solutions.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phPhys.Dark Univ.(2023)·390 citations
45. 45*

    Local equilibration of fermions and bosons

    Georg Wolschin🇩🇪

    Local kinetic equilibration is a prerequisite for hydrodynamics to be valid. Here it is described through a nonlinear diffusion equation for finite systems of fermions and bosons. The model is solved exactly for constant transport coefficients in both cases. It has the proper Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein equilibrium limits and can replace the relaxation-time approximation (RTA). The microscopic transport coefficients are determined through the macroscopic variables temperature and local equilibration time. Applications to the transverse energy of quarks and gluons in the initial stages of central relativistic heavy-ion collisions, and to bosonic and fermionic atoms at low energies appropriate for cold quantum gases are discussed.

    ↳ cond-mat.quant-gashep-phphysics.atom-phResults Phys.(2019)·5 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.