Thu·Mar 21, 2019Thursday·March 21, 2019

1. 01*

   Convergence properties of Lévy expansions: implications for Odderon and proton structure

   T. Csörgő🇭🇺 · R. Pasechnik🇸🇪 · A. Ster🇭🇺

   We detail here the convergence properties of a new model-independent imaging method, the Lévy expansion, that seems to play an important role in the analysis of the differential cross section of elastic hadron-hadron scattering. We demonstrate, how our earlier results concerning the Odderon effects in the differential cross-section of elastic proton-proton and proton-antiproton scattering as well as those related to apparent sub-structures inside the protons were obtained in a convergent and stable manner.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thEPJ Web Conf.(2019)·2 citations
2. 02*

   Fits to Non-Supersymmetric SO(10) Models with Type I and II Seesaw Mechanisms Using Renormalization Group Evolution

   Tommy Ohlsson🇸🇪 · Marcus Pernow🇸🇪

   We consider numerical fits to non-supersymmetric $\mathrm{SO}(10)$-based models in which neutrino mass is generated by the type-I or type-II seesaw mechanism or a combination of both. The fits are performed with a sophisticated top-down procedure, taking into account the renormalization group equations of the gauge and Yukawa couplings, integrating out relevant degrees of freedom at their corresponding mass scales, and using recent data for the Standard Model observables. We find acceptable fits for normal neutrino mass ordering only and with neutrino mass generated by either type-I seesaw only or a combination of types I and II seesaw in which type-I seesaw is dominant. Furthermore, we find predictions from the best fit regarding the small neutrino masses, the effective neutrinoless double beta decay mass, and the leptonic CP-violating phase. Finally, we show that the fits are rather insensitive to the chosen value of the unification scale.

   hep-phJHEP(2019)·50 citations
3. 03*

   Self-interacting sterile neutrino dark matter: the heavy-mediator case

   Lucas Johns🇺🇸 · George M. Fuller🇺🇸

   For active-sterile mixing to be responsible for the full relic abundance of dark matter additional new physics is needed beyond the keV-scale sterile neutrino itself. The extra ingredient we consider here is the presence of self-interactions among the sterile neutrinos. We examine whether active-to-sterile conversion is amplified enough in this scenario that the observed abundance of dark matter can be obtained with a subconstraint mixing angle. This turns out never to be the case in the region we explore: either self-interactions have too small an impact and cannot escape bounds on the mass and mixing angle, or they have too great an impact and cause dark matter to be overproduced. The sharp transition from marginal to excessive effectiveness occurs because a resonance criterion is met in the effective in-medium mixing angle. Once the system goes resonant the game is as good as over, as nonlinearity in the Boltzmann equation leads to runaway production of sterile neutrinos, beginning at a plasma temperature of a few hundred MeV and typically ending at a few tens of MeV. The scenario is therefore ruled out largely by its own dynamics. In this study we focus exclusively on mediators heavier than $\sim 1$ GeV; future work will extend the analysis to lighter mediators, allowing for contact to be made with the kinds of scenarios motivated by issues of small-scale structure.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2019)·38 citations
4. 04*

   Fermion Mass Hierarchy in Grand Gauge-Higgs Unification

   Nobuhito Maru🇯🇵 · Yoshiki Yatagai🇯🇵

   Grand gauge-Higgs unification of five dimensional $SU(6)$ gauge theory on an orbifold $S^1/Z_2$ is discussed. The Standard model (SM) fermions are introduced on one of the boundaries and some massive bulk fields are also introduced so that they couple to the SM fermions through the mass terms on the boundary. Integrating out the bulk fields generates the SM fermion masses with exponentially small bulk mass dependences. The SM fermion masses except for top quark are shown to be reproduced by mild tuning the bulk masses. One-loop Higgs potential is calculated and it is shown that the electroweak symmetry breaking occurs by introducing additional bulk fields. Higgs boson mass is also computed.

   hep-phPTEP(2019)·34 citations
5. 05*

   Zero-mode contribution and quantized first order phase transition in a droplet quark matter

   Kun Xu🇨🇳 · Mei Huang🇨🇳

   The finite size effect on hadron physics and quark matter has attracted much interest for more than three decades, normally both the periodic (with zero-momentum mode) and the anti-periodic (without zero-momentum mode) spatial boundary condition are applied for fermions. By comparing the thermodynamical potential, it is found that if there is no other physical constraint, the droplet quark matter is always more stable when the periodic spatial boundary condition is applied, and the catalysis of chiral symmetry breaking is observed with the decrease of the system size, while the pions excited from the droplet vacuum keep as pseudo Nambu-Goldstone bosons. Furthermore, it is found that the zero-momentum mode contribution brings significant change of the chiral apparent phase transition in a droplet of cold dense quark matter: the 1st-order chiral apparent phase transition becomes quantized, i.e., the 1st-order apparent phase transition is completed in two steps, which is a brand-new quantum phenomena. It is expected that the catalysis of chiral symmetry breaking and the quantized 1st-order apparent phase transition are common features for fermionic systems with quantized momentum spectrum with zero-mode contribution, which also show up in quark matter under magnetic field.

   hep-phhep-latnucl-thPRD(2020)·18 citations
6. 06*

   Starobinsky-like inflation and soft-SUSY breaking

   Stephen F. King🇬🇧 · Elena Perdomo🇬🇧

   We study a version of Starobinsky-like inflation in no-scale supergravity (SUGRA) where a Polonyi term in the hidden sector breaks supersymmetry (SUSY) after inflation, providing a link between the gravitino mass and inflation. We extend the theory to the visible sector and calculate the soft-SUSY breaking parameters depending on the modular weights in the superpotential and choice of Kähler potential. We are led to either no-scale SUGRA or pure gravity mediated SUSY breaking patterns, but with inflationary constraints on the Polonyi term setting a strict upper bound on the gravitino mass $m_{3/2}<10^3$ TeV. Since gaugino masses are significantly lighter than $m_{3/2}$, this suggests that SUSY may be discovered at the LHC or FCC.

   hep-phJHEP(2019)·18 citations
7. 07*

   The role of charged exotic states in $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to \psi (2S){\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$

   Daniel A. S. Molnar🇩🇪 · Igor Danilkin🇩🇪 · Marc Vanderhaeghen🇩🇪

   In this work, we use the dispersion theory to provide a physical description of recent BESIII data on the reaction $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to \psi (2S){\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$. Taking into account explicitly the effects of charged exotic intermediate states in the $t$- and $u$-channels as well as the two-pion final state interaction, we describe the invariant mass distribution for four different $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ center-of-mass energies. The effects of the $\pi \pi$ rescattering are accounted for within a model-independent single channel approach which is found to explain the $\pi \pi$-invariant mass distributions at all $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ center-of-mass energies. For $q=4.226$ GeV and $q=4.258$ GeV the already established charged exotic state $Z_c(3900)$ is considered as the intermediate state, whereas for $q=4.358$ GeV the rescattering of pions dominates the fits. For the highest energy, $q=4.416$ GeV, a heavier charged exotic state with mass $m_{Z_c}=4.016(4)$ GeV and width ${\Gamma }_{Z_c}=52(10)$ MeV is essential to describe the experimental data. Although the mass of this state is consistent with the established $Z_c(4020)$, its width is significantly larger.

   hep-phhep-exPLB(2019)·16 citations
8. 08*

   Photon splitting constraint on Lorentz Invariance Violation from Crab Nebula spectrum

   Konstantin Astapov🇷🇺 · Dmitry Kirpichnikov🇷🇺 · Petr Satunin🇷🇺

   We calculate the decay width of the photon splitting into three photons in a model of quantum electrodynamics with broken Lorentz invariance. We show that this process can lead to a cut-off in the very-high-energy part of a photon spectra of astrophysical sources. We obtain the 95\% CL bound on the Lorentz violating mass scale for photons from the analysis of the very-high-energy part of the Crab Nebula spectrum, obtained by HEGRA. This bound improves previous constraints by more than an order of magnitude.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEJCAP(2019)·27 citations
9. 09*

   Investigation of $cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$ tetraquark in the chiral quark model

   Yifan Yang🇨🇳 · Jialun Ping🇨🇳

   Inspired by the recent observation of exotic resonances $X(4140)$, $X(4274)$, $X(4350)$, $X(4500)$ and $X(4700)$ reported by several experiment collaborations, we investigated the four-quark system $cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$ with quantum numbers $J^{PC}=1^{++}$ and $0^{++}$ in the framework of the chiral quark model. Two configurations, diquark-antidiquark and meson-meson, with all possible color structures are considered. The results show that no molecular state can be formed, but the resonance may exist if the color structure of meson-meson configuration is $8\otimes 8$. In the present calculation, the $X(4274)$ can be assigned as the $cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$ tetraquark states with $J^{PC}=1^{++}$, but the energy of $X(4140)$ is too low to be regarded as the tetraquark state. $X(4350)$ can be a good candidate of compact tetraquark state with $J^{PC}=0^{++}$. When the radial excitation is taken into account, the $X(4700)$ can be explained as the $2S$ radial excited tetraquark state with $J^{PC}=0^{++}$. As for $X(4500)$, there is no matching state in our calculation.

   hep-phPRD(2019)·20 citations
10. 10*

    Implications of chiral symmetry on $S$-wave pionic resonances and the scalar charmed mesons

    Meng-Lin Du🇩🇪 · Feng-Kun Guo🇨🇳 · Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪

    The chiral symmetry of QCD requires energy-dependent pionic strong interactions at low energies. This constraint, however, is not fulfilled by the usual Breit--Wigner parameterization of pionic resonances, leading to masses larger than the real ones. We derive relations between nonleptonic three-body decays of the $B$-meson into a $D$-meson and a pair of light pseudoscalar mesons based on SU(3) chiral symmetry. Employing effective field theory methods, we demonstrate that taking into account the final-state interactions, the experimental data of the decays $B^{-}\to D^{+}{\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{-}$, $B_s^0\to {\bar{D}}^0{K}^{-}{\pi }^{+}$, $B^0\to {\bar{D}}^0{\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}$, $B^{-}\to D^{+}{\pi }^{-}{K}^{-}$ and $B^0\to {\bar{D}}^0{\pi }^{-}{K}^{+}$ can all be described by the nonperturbative $\pi /\eta /K$-$D/D_s$ scattering amplitudes previously obtained from a combination of chiral effective field theory and lattice QCD calculations. The results provide a strong support of the scenario that the broad scalar charmed meson $D_0^{\ast }(2400)$ should be replaced by two states, the lower one of which has a mass of around 2.1 GeV, much smaller than that extracted from experimental data using a Breit--Wigner parameterization.

    hep-phPRD(2019)·29 citations
11. 11*

    Neutrino Echoes from Multimessenger Transient Sources

    Kohta Murase (PSU)🇺🇸 · Ian M. Shoemaker (VT)🇺🇸

    The detection of the high-energy neutrino event, IceCube-170922A, demonstrated that multimessenger particle astrophysics triggered by neutrino alerts is feasible. We consider time delay signatures caused by secret neutrino interactions with the cosmic neutrino background and dark matter and suggest that these can be used as a novel probe of neutrino interactions beyond the Standard Model (BSM). The tests with BSM-induced neutrino echoes are distinct from existing constraints from the spectral modification and will be enabled by multimessenger observations of bright neutrino transients with future experiments such as IceCube-Gen2, KM3Net, and Hyper-Kamiokande. The constraints are complementary to those from accelerator and laboratory experiments and powerful for testing various particle models that explain tensions prevailing in the cosmological data.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEPRL(2019)·66 citations
12. 12*

    Velocity Dependent Dark Matter Interactions in Single-Electron Resolution Semiconductor Detectors with Directional Sensitivity

    Matti Heikinheimo🇫🇮 · Kai Nordlund🇫🇮 · Kimmo Tuominen🇫🇮 · Nader Mirabolfathi🇺🇸

    We investigate the velocity and recoil momentum dependence of dark matter interactions with ordinary matter. In particular we focus on the single-electron resolution semiconductor detectors, which allow experimental assessment of sub-GeV dark matter masses. We find that, within a specific mass range depending on the detector material, the dark matter interactions result in a signal characterized by daily modulation. Furthermore, we find that the detailed structure of this modulation is sensitive to the velocity and momentum dependence of dark matter interactions. We identify the optimal mass range for the prevalence of these effects.

    hep-phphysics.ins-detPRD(2019)·22 citations
13. 13*

    Stability, reheating and leptogenesis

    Djuna Croon🇨🇦 · Nicolas Fernandez🇺🇸 · David McKeen🇨🇦 · Graham White🇨🇦

    In a minimal model of leptogenesis, the observed baryon asymmetry is realized after high-scale reheating into the lightest sterile neutrino. We consider constraints on this scenario from the stability of the Higgs vacuum during pre-heating. Depending on the reheat temperature, the lightest sterile neutrino may be in or out of thermal equilibrium at production. Demanding stability of the Higgs vacuum during pre-heating, we find strong constraints which primarily impact the parameter space of thermal leptogenesis.

    hep-phJHEP(2019)·35 citations
14. 14*

    Nucleon and nuclear structure functions with non-perturbative and higher order perturbative QCD effects

    F. Zaidi🇮🇳 · H. Haider🇺🇸 · M. Sajjad Athar🇮🇳 · S. K. Singh🇮🇳 · I. Ruiz Simo🇪🇸

    We have studied the nucleon structure functions $F_{iN}^{EM}(x,Q^2);i=1,2$, by including contributions due to the higher order perturbative QCD effect up to NNLO and the non-perturbative effects due to the kinematical and dynamical higher twist (HT) effects. The numerical results for $F_{iN}^{EM}(x,Q^2)$ are obtained using Martin, Motylinski, Harland-Lang, Thorne (MMHT) 2014 NLO and NNLO nucleon parton distribution functions (PDFs). The dynamical HT correction has been included following the renormalon approach as well as the phenomenological approach and the kinematical HT effect is incorporated using the works of Schienbein et al. These nucleon structure functions have been used as an input to calculate the nuclear structure functions $F_{iA}^{EM}(x,Q^2)$. In a nucleus, the nuclear corrections arise because of the Fermi motion, binding energy, nucleon correlations, mesonic contribution, shadowing and antishadowing effects. These nuclear corrections are taken into account in the numerical calculations to obtain the nuclear structure functions $F_{iA}^{EM}(x,Q^2)$, for the various nuclear targets like ${}^{12}C$, ${}^{27}Al$, ${}^{56}Fe$, ${}^{64}Cu$, ${}^{118}Sn$, ${}^{197}Au$ and ${}^{208}Pb$ which are of experimental interest. The effect of isoscalarity correction for nonisoscalar nuclear targets has also been studied. The results for the $F_{iA}^{EM}(x,Q^2)$ are compared with nCTEQ nuclear PDFs parameterization as well as with the experimental results from JLab, SLAC and NMC in the kinematic region of $0.1\le x\le 0.8$ for several nuclei.

    hep-phPRD(2019)·20 citations
15. 15*

    Thermodynamics of Neutrons in a Magnetic Field and its Implications for Neutron Stars

    E. J. Ferrer🇺🇸 · A. Hackebill🇺🇸

    We investigate the effects of a magnetic field on the thermodynamics of a neutron system at finite density and temperature. Our main motivation is to deepen the understanding of the physics of a class of neutron stars known as magnetars, which exhibit extremely strong magnetic fields. Taking into account two facts, (i) the existence of a pressure anisotropy in the presence of a magnetic field and (ii) that the quantum field theory contribution to the pressure is non-negligible, we show that the maximum value that the inner magnetic field of a star can reach while being in agreement with the magnetohydrostatic equilibrium between the gravitational and matter pressures becomes $10^{17}$ G, an order of magnitude smaller than the previous value obtained through the scalar virial theorem; that the magnetic field has a negligible effect on the neutron system's equation of state; that the system's magnetic susceptibility increases with the temperature; and that the specific heat $C_V$ does not significantly change with the magnetic field in the range of temperatures characteristic of protoneutron stars.

    ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-phPRC(2019)·45 citations
16. 16*

    Publicising Lattice Field Theory through Visualisation

    James Biddle🇦🇺 · Josh Charvetto🇦🇺 · Waseem Kamleh🇦🇺 · Derek Leinweber🇦🇺 · Helen Piercy🇦🇺 · Ethan Puckridge🇦🇺 · Finn Stokes🇦🇺 · Ross D. Young🇦🇺 · James Zanotti (University of Adelaide)🇦🇺

    The gluon field configurations that form the foundation of every lattice QCD calculation contain a rich diversity of emergent nonperturbative structure. Visualisations of these phenomena not only serve to explain the concept of a nontrivial vacuum but also entertain a diverse audience from research funding panels to the next generation of science enthusiasts. In this brief review, a collection of QCD-vacuum visualisations is presented including the structure of chromo-electromagnetic fields, centre-cluster evolution at finite temperature, the structure of projected centre vortices, and novel correlations between the electromagnetic fields of QED and the chromo-electromagnetic fields of QCD in QED+QCD dynamical-fermion simulations from the QCDSF collaboration.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phhep-thnucl-thPoS(2019)·5 citations
17. 17*

    Magnetic monopole search with the full MoEDAL trapping detector in 13 TeV $pp$ collisions interpreted in photon-fusion and Drell-Yan production

    MoEDAL Collaboration: B. Acharya🇬🇧 · J. Alexandre🇬🇧 · S. Baines🇬🇧 · P. Benes🇨🇿 · B. Bergmann🇨🇿 · J. Bernabéu🇪🇸 · A. Bevan🇬🇧 · H. Branzas🇷🇴 · M. Campbell🇨🇭 · S. Cecchini🇮🇹 · Y.M. Cho🇰🇷 · M. de Montigny🇨🇦 and 56 other authors

    MoEDAL is designed to identify new physics in the form of stable or pseudostable highly ionizing particles produced in high-energy Large Hadron Collider (LHC) collisions. Here we update our previous search for magnetic monopoles in Run 2 using the full trapping detector with almost four times more material and almost twice more integrated luminosity. For the first time at the LHC, the data were interpreted in terms of photon-fusion monopole direct production in addition to the Drell-Yan-like mechanism. The MoEDAL trapping detector, consisting of 794 kg of aluminum samples installed in the forward and lateral regions, was exposed to 4.0 fb${}^{-1}$ of 13 TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHCb interaction point and analyzed by searching for induced persistent currents after passage through a superconducting magnetometer. Magnetic charges equal to or above the Dirac charge are excluded in all samples. Monopole spins 0, 1/2 and 1 are considered and both velocity-independent and -dependent couplings are assumed. This search provides the best current laboratory constraints for monopoles with magnetic charges ranging from two to five times the Dirac charge.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phPRL(2019)·128 citations
18. 18*

    Giant optical activity and Kerr effect in type-I and type-II Weyl semimetals

    Kabyashree Sonowal🇮🇳 · Ashutosh Singh🇮🇳 · Amit Agarwal🇮🇳

    We explore optical activity in thin films and bulk of type-I and type II Weyl semimetals (WSM), and demonstrate the existence of a giant Kerr effect in both. In time-reversal symmetry broken WSM thin films, the polarization rotation is caused by the optical Hall conductivity including the anomalous Hall term. The Kerr angle is found to be $\propto Q/\omega$, with $Q$ and $\omega$ being the Weyl node separation and the optical frequency, respectively. In contrast, the optical activity in the bulk WSM is dominated by axion electrodynamics, which persists even in the Pauli blocked regime of no optical transitions. In bulk WSM, $Q$ acts analogous to the magnetization in magnetic materials, leading to large `polar Kerr effect' (linear in $Q$) when light is incident on WSM surface without Fermi arc states, and the `Voigt effect' (quadratic in $Q$), when light is incident on surface with Fermi arc states.

    ↳ cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.mtrl-scihep-phPRB(2019)·24 citations
19. 19*

    Massive Higher Spins: Effective Theory and Consistency

    Brando Bellazzini🇫🇷 · Francesco Riva🇨🇭 · Javi Serra🇩🇪 · Francesco Sgarlata🇮🇹

    We construct the effective field theory for a single massive higher-spin particle in flat spacetime. Positivity bounds of the S-matrix force the cutoff of the theory to be well below the naive strong-coupling scale, forbid any potential and make therefore higher-derivative operators important even at low energy. As interesting application, we discuss in detail the massive spin-3 theory and show that an extended Galileon-like symmetry of the longitudinal modes, even with spin, emerges at high energy.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2019)·68 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.