Wed·Jun 13, 2018Wednesday·June 13, 2018

1. 01*

   Shielding of a direct detection experiment and implications for the DAMA annual modulation signal

   R. Foot🇦🇺

   Previous work has argued that, in the framework of plasma dark matter models, the DAMA annual modulation signal can be consistently explained with electron recoils. In the specific case of mirror dark matter, that explanation requires an effective low velocity cutoff, $v_c\gtrsim 30,000$ km/s, for the halo mirror electron distribution at the detector. We show here that this cutoff can result from collisional shielding of the detector from the halo wind due to Earth-bound dark matter. We also show that shielding effects can reconcile the kinetic mixing parameter value inferred from direct detection experiments with the value favoured from small scale structure considerations, $ϵ\approx 2\times 10^{-10}$.

   hep-phastro-ph.GAPLB(2019)·16 citations
2. 02*

   Energy dependent chemical potentials of light particles and quarks from yield ratios of antiparticles to particles in high energy collisions

   Hai-Ling Lao🇨🇳 · Ya-Qin Gao🇨🇳 · Fu-Hu Liu🇨🇳

   We collect the yields of charged pions (${\pi }^{-}$ and ${\pi }^{+}$), charged kaons ($K^{-}$ and $K^{+}$), anti-protons ($\bar{p}$), and protons ($p$) produced in mid-rapidity interval (in most cases) in central gold-gold (Au-Au), central lead-lead (Pb-Pb), and inelastic or non-single-diffractive proton-proton ($pp$) collisions at different collision energies. The chemical potentials of light particles and quarks are extracted from the yield ratios, ${\pi }^{-}/{\pi }^{+}$, $K^{-}/K^{+}$, and $\bar{p}/p$, of antiparticles to particles over an energy range from a few GeV to above 10 TeV. At a few GeV ($\sim 4$ GeV), the chemical potentials show, and the yield ratios do not show, different trends comparing with those at other energies, though the limiting values of the chemical potentials and the yield ratios at very high energy are 0 and 1 respectively.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thUniverse(2019)·6 citations
3. 03*

   Modeling the nonperturbative contributions to the complex heavy-quark potential

   Yun Guo🇨🇳 · Lihua Dong🇨🇳 · Jisi Pan🇨🇳 · Manoel R. Moldes🇪🇸

   In this paper, we construct a simple model for the complex heavy quark potential which is defined through the Fourier transform of the static gluon propagator. Besides the hard thermal loop resummed contribution, the gluon propagator also includes a non-perturbative term induced by the dimension two gluon condensate. Within the framework of thermal field theory, the real and imaginary parts of the heavy quark potential are determined in a consistent way without resorting to any extra assumption as long as the exact form of the retarded/advanced gluon propagator is specified. The resulting potential model has the desired asymptotic behaviors and reproduces the data from lattice simulation reasonably well. By presenting a direct comparison with other complex potential models on the market, we find the one proposed in this work shows a significant improvement on the description of the lattice results, especially for the imaginary part of the potential, in a temperature region relevant to quarkonium studies.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2019)·38 citations
4. 04*

   Hybrid stars from the NJL model with a tensor interaction

   H. Matsuoka (Kochi Univ., Japan)🇯🇵 · Y. Tsue (Kochi Univ., Japan)🇯🇵 · J. da Providencia (Univ. de Coimbra, Portugal)🇵🇹 · C. Providencia (Univ. de Coimbra, Portugal)🇵🇹 · M. Yamamura (Kansai Univ., Japan)🇯🇵

   In order to obtain the equation of state and construct hybrid stars, we calculate the thermodynamic potential in the two-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model with tensor-type four-point interaction between quarks. In addition, we impose the beta equilibrium and charge neutrality conditions on the system. We show that the tensor condensate appears at large chemical potential, however, it is difficult to hold hybrid stars with two-solar mass by using the equation of state with the tensor interaction. Although we cannot obtain the stars with two-solar mass because of the absense of the repulsive interaction, the estimated magnetic moment density is very large. Therefore, we expect that the tensor interaction descrobes the magnetic fields of compact stars.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2018)·9 citations
5. 05*

   $\Omega (2012)$ through the looking glass of flavour SU(3)

   Maxim V. Polyakov🇷🇺 · Hyeon-Dong Son🇩🇪 · Bao-Dong Sun🇨🇳 · Asli Tandogan🇩🇪

   We perform the flavour $SU(3)$ analysis of the recently discovered $\Omega (2012)$ hyperon. We find that well known (four star) $\Delta (1700)$ resonance with quantum numbers of $J^P=3/2^{-}$ is a good candidate for the decuplet partner of $\Omega (2012)$ if the branching for the three-body decays of the latter is not too large $\le 70$\%. That implies that the quantum numbers of $\Omega (2012)$ are $I(J^P)=0(3/2^{-})$. The predictions for the properties of still missing $\Sigma$ and $\Xi$ decuplet members are made. We also discuss the implications of the $\overline{K}\Xi (1530)$ molecular picture of $\Omega (2012)$. Crucial experimental tests to distinguish various pictures of $\Omega (2012)$ are suggested.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exPLB(2019)·43 citations
6. 06*

   Renormalization group consistency and low-energy effective theories

   Jens Braun🇩🇪 · Marc Leonhardt🇩🇪 · Jan M. Pawlowski🇩🇪

   Low-energy effective theories have been used very successfully to study the low-energy limit of QCD, providing us with results for a plethora of phenomena, ranging from bound-state formation to phase transitions in QCD. These theories are consistent quantum field theories by themselves and can be embedded in QCD, but typically have a physical ultraviolet cutoff that restricts their range of validity. Here, we provide a discussion of the concept of renormalization group consistency, aiming at an analysis of cutoff effects and regularization-scheme dependences in general studies of low-energy effective theories. For illustration, our findings are applied to low-energy effective models of QCD in different approximations including the mean-field approximation. More specifically, we consider hot and dense as well as finite systems and demonstrate that violations of renormalization group consistency affect significantly the predictive power of the corresponding model calculations.

   hep-phhep-thnucl-thSciPost Phys.(2019)·102 citations
7. 07*

   Spin Averaged Mass Spectrum of Heavy Quarkonium via Asymptotic Iteration Method

   Halil Mutuk🇹🇷

   In this paper we solved Schrödinger equation with Song-Lin potential by using Asymptotic Iteration Method (AIM). We obtained spin-averaged energy levels of charmonium and bottomonium via AIM. Obtained results agree well with available experimental data and other theoretical studies.

   hep-phCan.J.Phys.(2019)·7 citations
8. 08*

   The doubly charmed pseudoscalar tetraquarks $T_{cc;\bar{s}\bar{s}}^{++}$ and $T_{cc;\bar{d}\bar{s}}^{++}$

   S. S. Agaev🇦🇿 · K. Azizi🇹🇷 · B. Barsbay🇹🇷 · H. Sundu🇹🇷

   The mass and coupling of the doubly charmed $J^P=0^{-}$ diquark-antidiquark states $T_{cc;\bar{s}\bar{s}}^{++}$ and $T_{cc;\bar{d}\bar{s}}^{++}$ that bear two units of the electric charge are calculated by means of QCD two-point sum rule method. Computations are carried out by taking into account vacuum condensates up to and including terms of tenth dimension. The dominant $S$-wave decays of these tetraquarks to a pair of conventional $D_s^{+}{D}_{s0}^{\ast +}(2317)$ and $D^{+}{D}_{s0}^{\ast +}(2317)$ mesons are explored using QCD three-point sum rule approach, and their widths are found. The obtained results $m_T=(4390\pm 150)\mathrm{MeV}$ and $\Gamma =(302\pm 113\mathrm{MeV}$) for the mass and width of the state $T_{cc;\bar{s}\bar{s}}^{++}$, as well as spectroscopic parameters ${\tilde{m}}_T=(4265\pm 140)\mathrm{MeV}$ and $\tilde{\Gamma }=(171\pm 52)\mathrm{MeV}$ of the tetraquark $T_{cc;\bar{d}\bar{s}}^{++}$ may be useful in experimental studies of exotic resonances.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latNPB(2019)·48 citations
9. 09*

   Sneutrino Dark Matter via pseudoscalar X-funnel meets Inverse Seesaw

   Jung Chang🇰🇷 · Kingman Cheung🇹🇼 · Hiroyuki Ishida🇹🇼 · Chih-Ting Lu🇹🇼 · Martin Spinrath🇹🇼 · Yue-Lin Sming Tsai🇹🇼

   In this paper we study sneutrino dark matter in a recently proposed supersymmetric electroweak-scale inverse seesaw model, in which the majority of the sneutrino dark matter particle is a mixture of the right-handed sneutrino ${\tilde{N}}^c$ and the singlet field $\tilde{S}$. The scalar field $X$ responsible for the generation of neutrino masses can simultaneously play a crucial role for sneutrino annihilation in the early Universe via the pseudoscalar mediator $A_X$ into neutrinos. We focus here on the dominant annihilation channels and provide all the formulas together with analytic estimates in order to identify the relevant parameters. Furthermore, we show that the direct detection scattering cross section is many orders of magnitude below the current limits, and estimate the indirect detection annihilation rate, which is only a few orders of magnitude below the current limits.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEJHEP(2018)·8 citations
10. 10*

    Clockwork/Linear Dilaton: Structure and phenomenology

    Riccardo Torre🇨🇭

    I briefly discuss the main phenomenological features and constraints of the Clockwork/Linear Dilaton (CW/LD) 5D geometry. This contribution is based on the work of ref. arXiv:1711.08437, to which the reader is referred for an extensive discussion of the subject and the full list of relevant references. The only original result of this proceeding is adding the constraint arising from the CMS analysis CMS-PAS-EXO-17-017 to the summary plot.

    hep-ph3 citations
11. 11*

    Long-lived stau, sneutrino dark matter and right-slepton spectrum

    Shankha Banerjee🇬🇧 · Geneviève Bélanger🇫🇷 · Avirup Ghosh🇮🇳 · Biswarup Mukhopadhyaya🇮🇳

    The minimal supersymmetric (SUSY) standard model (MSSM) augmented by right chiral sneutrinos may lead to one such sneutrino serving as the lightest supersymmetric particle and a non-thermal dark matter candidate, especially if neutrinos have Dirac masses only. In such cases, if the lightest MSSM particle is a stau, the signal of SUSY at the LHC consists in stable charged tracks which are distinguishable from backgrounds through their time delay between the inner tracker and the muon chamber. We show how to determine in such scenarios the mass hierarchy between the lightest neutralino and right sleptons of the first two families. The techniques of neutralino reconstruction, developed in earlier works, are combined with the endpoint of the variable $M_{T2}$ in smuon (selectron) decays for this purpose. We show that one can thus determine the mass hierarchy for smuons (selectrons) and neutralinos up to 1 TeV, to the level of 5-10\%.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2018)·22 citations
12. 12*

    A double-running inflaton mass for a flat potential and an assisted hilltop inflation

    Wan-Il Park🇰🇷

    We propose a scenario to flatten inflaton potential for a small-field slow-roll inflation from the origin. In the scenario, inflaton mass-square gets through a renormalization group running which depends on not only inflaton field but also an assisting field. Thanks to the assisting field participating in the running, initial condition for a slow-roll inflation can be set naturally, and inflaton potential can be flattened by the vacuum expectation value of the field. Applying this idea, we propose a scenario of inflation, dubbed here as \textit{assisted hilltop inflation}, which is free from the initial condition and the flatness problems of inflation.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJ.Korean Phys.Soc.(2019)·0 citations
13. 13*

    Exploring Scalar and Vector Bileptons at the LHC

    Gennaro Corcella🇮🇹 · Claudio Coriano🇮🇹 · Antonio Costantini🇮🇹 · Paul H. Frampton🇮🇹

    We present an analysis on the production of two same-sign lepton pairs at the LHC, mediated by bileptons in the $SU(3{)}_c\times SU(3{)}_L\times U(1{)}_X$ theory, the so-called 331 model. Compared to other 331 scenarios, in this model the embedding of the hypercharge is obtained with the addition of 3 exotic quarks and doubly-charged vector gauge bosons with lepton numbers $\pm 2$ in the spectrum ($Y^{\pm \pm }$), which can mediate the production of four-lepton final states. Furthermore, a complete description of the model requires the introduction of a Higgs scalar sector, which is a sextet of $SU(3{)}_L$, necessary in order to correctly account for the lepton masses. As a result of this, new doubly-charged scalar states $H^{\pm \pm }$ are part of the spectrum as well and can in principle compete with the vector bileptons in giving rise to four-lepton final states. We investigate both channels and study several observables at the LHC, for both signal and Standard Model $ZZ$ background. With respect to previous work on vector- and scalar-bilepton production, we use the most updated exclusion limits at the LHC and implement the 331 model in a full Monte Carlo simulation code, capable of being interfaced with any analysis framework. Our result is that the 331 signal can be discriminated from the background with a significance of 6-9 standard deviations, depending on the LHC luminosity, with the vector bileptons dominating over the scalar ones.

    hep-phPLB(2018)·32 citations
14. 14*

    Nucleon resonances in Compton scattering

    Gernot Eichmann🇵🇹 · G. Ramalho🇧🇷

    We calculate the nucleon resonance contributions to nucleon Compton scattering, including all states with J^P = 1/2^{+-} and J^P = 3/2^{+-} where experimental data for their electromagnetic transition form factors exist. To this end, we construct a tensor basis for the Compton scattering amplitude based on electromagnetic gauge invariance, crossing symmetry and analyticity. The corresponding Compton form factors provide a Lorentz-invariant description of the process in general kinematics, which reduces to the static and generalized polarizabilities in the appropriate kinematic limits. We derive the general forms of the offshell nucleon-to-resonance transition vertices that implement electromagnetic and spin-3/2 gauge invariance, which automatically also defines onshell transition form factors that are free of kinematic constraints. We provide simple fits for those form factors, which we use to analyze the resulting Compton form factors and extract their contributions to the nucleon's polarizabilities. Apart from the Delta(1232), the resonance contributions to the scalar and spin polarizabilites are very small, although the N(1520) could play a role for the proton's magnetic polarizability.

    hep-phhep-thnucl-thPRD(2018)·36 citations
15. 15*

    Infrared Properties of Hadronic Structure of Nucleon in Neutron Beta Decays to Order O(\alpha/\pi) in Standard V - A Effective Theory with QED and Linear Sigma Model of Strong Low--Energy Interactions

    A. N. Ivanov🇦🇹 · R. Höllwieser🇦🇹 · N. I. Troitskaya🇦🇹 · M. Wellenzohn🇦🇹 · Ya. A. Berdnikov🇷🇺

    Within the standard V - A theory of weak interactions, Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) and the linear sigma-model (LsM) of strong low-energy hadronic interactions we analyse infrared properties of hadronic structure of the neutron and proton in the neutron beta decays to leading order in the large nucleon mass expansion. We confirm validity and high confidence level of contributions of hadronic structure of the nucleon to the radiative corrections, calculated by Sirlin (Phys. Rev. 164, 1767 (1967)) to leading order in the large nucleon mass expansion. At the level of order 10^{-5} relative to Sirlin's infrared divergent contribution to the neutron radiative beta decay (inner bremsstrahlung) we find an infrared divergent contribution, induced by hadronic structure of the nucleon through the one-pion-pole exchange, to the rate of the neutron lifetime from the neutron radiative beta decay, which should be cancelled by contributions of virtual photon exchanges to the neutron beta decay. Following Ivanov et al. 1805.09702 [hep-ph] we argue that a consistent analysis of such a cancellation may be carried out well in the combined quantum field theory including the Standard Electroweak Model (SEM) and the LsM of strong low-energy interactions, where the effective V - A hadron-lepton current-current vertex is caused by the W^- - electroweak-boson exchange.

    hep-phgr-qcnucl-exAIP Conf.Proc.(2015)·2 citations
16. 16*

    Gauge dependence of tadpole and mass renormalization for a seesaw extended 2HDM

    Vytautas Dūdėnas🇱🇹 · Thomas Gajdosik🇱🇹

    We study the gauge dependence of the neutrino mass renormalization in a two Higgs doublet model, that is extended with one singlet seesaw neutrino. This model gives only one light neutrino a mass at tree level, while the second light mass is generated at loop level via the interaction with the second Higgs doublet. At one loop level, one neutrino stays massless. We use multiplicative renormalization constants to define counterterms. The renormalized mass parameters are defined as the complex poles of the propagators, using the complex mass scheme for mass renormalization. With this setup, we analytically get the expressions for the neutrino mass counterterms and isolate the gauge dependent part. We show, how relating this gauge dependent part with the tadpole renormalization leads to gauge independent counterterm definitions, hence gauge independent bare masses for neutrinos.

    hep-phPRD(2018)·9 citations
17. 17*

    Axions from Strings: the Attractive Solution

    Marco Gorghetto🇮🇹 · Edward Hardy🇬🇧 · Giovanni Villadoro🇮🇹

    We study the system of axion strings that forms in the early Universe if the Peccei-Quinn symmetry is restored after inflation. Using numerical simulations, we establish the existence of an asymptotic solution to which the system is attracted independently of the initial conditions. We study in detail the properties of this solution, including the average number of strings per Hubble patch, the distribution of loops and long strings, the way that different types of radiation are emitted, and the shape of the spectrum of axions produced. We find clear evidence of logarithmic violations of the scaling properties of the attractor solution. We also find that, while most of the axions are emitted with momenta of order Hubble, most of the axion energy density is contained in axions with energy of order the string core scale, at least in the parameter range available in the simulation. While such a spectrum would lead to a negligible number density of relic axions from strings when extrapolated to the physical parameter region, we show that the presence of small logarithmic corrections to the spectrum shape could completely alter such a conclusion. A detailed understanding of the evolution of the axion spectrum is therefore crucial for a reliable estimate of the relic axion abundance from strings.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJHEP(2018)·381 citations
18. 18*

    TeV Scale Leptogenesis via Dark Sector Scatterings

    Debasish Borah🇮🇳 · Arnab Dasgupta🇮🇳 · Sin Kyu Kang🇰🇷

    We propose a novel scenario of generating lepton asymmetry via annihilation and coannihilation of dark sector particles including t-channel processes. In order to realistically implement this idea, we consider the scotogenic model having three right handed neutrinos and a new scalar doublet, all of which are odd under an in-built $Z_2$ symmetry. The lightest $Z_2$ odd particle, if electromagnetically neutral, can be a dark matter candidate while annihilation and coannihilation between different $Z_2$ odd particles into standard model leptons serve as the source of lepton asymmetry. The light neutrino masses arise at one loop level with $Z_2$ odd fields going inside the loop. We show that experimental data related to light neutrinos, dark matter relic abundance and baryon asymmetry can be simultaneously satisfied in the model for two different cases: one with fermion dark matter and the other with scalar dark matter. In both scenarios, t-channel annihilation as well as coannihilation of $Z_2$ odd particles play a non-trivial role in producing the non-zero CP asymmetry. Both the scenarios remain allowed from DM direct detection while keeping the scale of leptogenesis as low as TeV or less, lower than the one for vanilla leptogenesis scenario in scotogenic model along with the additional advantage of explaining the baryon-dark matter coincidence to some extent. Due to such low scale, the model is testable through rare decay experiments looking for charged lepton flavour violation.

    hep-phEPJC(2020)·34 citations
19. 19*

    Energetics of High-Energy Cosmic Radiations

    Kohta Murase🇺🇸 · Masataka Fukugita🇺🇸

    The luminosity densities of high-energy cosmic radiations are studied to find connections among the various components, including high-energy neutrinos measured with IceCube and gamma rays with the Fermi satellite. Matching the cosmic-ray energy generation rate density in a GeV-TeV range estimated for Milky Way with the ultrahigh-energy component requires a power-law index of the spectrum, $s_{\mathrm{cr}}\approx 2.1-2.2$, somewhat harder than $s_{\mathrm{cr}}\approx 2.3-2.4$ for the local index derived from the AMS-02 experiment. The soft GeV-TeV cosmic-ray spectrum extrapolated to higher energies can be compatible with PeV cosmic rays inferred from neutrino measurements, but overshoots the CR luminosity density to explain GeV-TeV gamma rays. The extrapolation from ultrahigh energies with a hard spectrum, on the other hand, can be consistent with both neutrinos and gamma-rays. These point towards either reacceleration of galactic cosmic rays or the presence of extragalactic sources with a hard spectrum. We discuss possible cosmic-ray sources that can be added.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phPRD(2019)·78 citations
20. 20*

    Analytical template for gravitational-wave echoes: signal characterization and prospects of detection with current and future interferometers

    Adriano Testa🇮🇹 · Paolo Pani🇮🇹

    Gravitational-wave echoes in the post-merger ringdown phase are under intense scrutiny as probes of near-horizon quantum structures and as signatures of exotic states of matter in ultracompact stars. We present an analytical template that describes the ringdown and the echo signal for nonspinning objects in terms of two physical parameters: the reflectivity and the redshift at the surface of the object. We characterize the properties of the template and adopt it in a preliminary parameter estimation with current (aLIGO) and future (Cosmic Explorer, Einstein Telescope, LISA) gravitational-wave detectors. For fixed signal-to-noise ratio in the post-merger phase, the constraints on the model parameters depend only mildly on the details of the detector sensitivity curve, but depend strongly on the reflectivity. Our analysis suggests that it might be possible to detect or rule out Planckian corrections at the horizon scale for perfectly-reflecting ultracompact objects at $5\sigma$ confidence level with Advanced LIGO/Virgo. On the other hand, signal-to-noise ratios in the ringdown phase equal to $\approx 100$ (as achievable with future interferometers) might allow us to probe near-horizon quantum structures with reflectivity $\gtrsim 30\%$ ($\gtrsim 85\%$) at $2\sigma$ ($3\sigma$) level.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phPRD(2018)·100 citations
21. 21*

    Classification of Left-Right Symmetric Heterotic String Vacua

    Alon E. Faraggi🇬🇧 · Glyn Harries🇬🇧 · John Rizos🇬🇷

    The classification method of the free fermionic heterotic string vacua is extended to models where the $SO(10)$ GUT symmetry is broken directly at the string scale to the Left-Right Symmetric subgroup. Our method involves using a fixed set of basis vectors which are defined by the boundary conditions assigned to the free fermions before enumerating the string vacua by varying the Generalised GSO (GGSO) projection coefficients. It allows the derivation of algebraic expressions for the GGSO projections for each sector that generates massless states in the models. This enables a computerised analysis of the entire massless spectrum of a given choice of GGSO projection coefficients. The total number of vacua in the class of models chosen is $2^{66}\approx 7.38\times 10^{19}$. A statistical sampling is performed and a sample size of $10^{11}$ vacua with the Left-Right Symmetric gauge group is extracted. We present the results of the classification, noting that contrary to the previous classification of Pati-Salam models, no three generation exophobic models were found. The results obtained demonstrate the existence of three generation models with the necessary Higgs representations needed for viable spontaneous symmetry breaking, and with a leading top quark Yukawa coupling.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phNPB(2018)·34 citations
22. 22*

    Freeze-out conditions from strangeness observables at RHIC

    Marcus Bluhm (Wroclaw U.)🇵🇱 · Marlene Nahrgang (SUBATECH, Nantes)🇫🇷

    We determine chemical freeze-out conditions from strangeness observables measured at RHIC beam energies. Based on a combined analysis of lowest-order net-Kaon fluctuations and strange anti-baryon over baryon yield ratios we obtain visibly enhanced freeze-out conditions at high beam energies compared to previous studies which analyzed net-proton and net-charge fluctuations. Our findings are in qualitative agreement with the recent study [1] which utilizes the net-Kaon fluctuation data in combination with information from lattice QCD. Our complimentary approach shows that also strange hadron yield ratios are described by such enhanced freeze-out conditions.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phEPJC(2019)·38 citations
23. 23*

    Quantum black holes and the Higgs mechanism at the Planck scale

    Euro Spallucci🇮🇹 · Anais Smailagic🇮🇹

    In this paper we present a suitably adjusted Higgs-like mechanism producing black holes at, and beyond, the Planck energy. Planckian objects are difficult to classify either as "particles", or as "black holes", since the Compton wavelength and the Schwarzschild radius are comparable. Due to this unavoidable ambiguity, we consider more appropriate a quantum field theoretical (QFT) approach rather than General Relativity (GR), which is known to break down as the Planck scale is approached. A posteriori, a connection between the two description can be established for masses large enough with respect to the Planck mass, though always describing black holes at the microscopic level. We adopt a QFT inspired by the Higgs mechanism, in the sense that a massive scalar field develops a non-trivial vacuum for m>\mu_{Pl}. Exictations around this vacuum are Planckian objects we name "black particles" to remark the ambiguous identity of these objects, as it has been mentioned above. A black particle eventually turns into a "quantum black hole" when the Schwarzschild radius becomes larger than its Compton wavelength. However, for m=\mu_{Pl} the scalar field is massless at the tree-level, but develops a non-trivial vacuum at one-loop through a Coleman-Weinberg mechanism. In this case, excitations describe Planck mass black particles.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phFundam.Theor.Phys.(2025)·0 citations
24. 24*

    A Soliton Solution for the Central Dark Masses in 47- Tuc Globular Cluster and Implications for the Axiverse

    Razieh Emami (Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian)🇨🇳 · Tom Broadhurst🇪🇸 · George Smoot🇨🇳 · Tzihong Chiueh🇹🇼 · Hoang Nhan Luu🇨🇳

    We offer a standing wave explanation for the rising proper motions of stars at the center of the globular cluster 47-Tucanae, amounting to $\simeq 0.44\%$ of the total mass. We show this can be explained as a solitonic core of dark matter composed of light bosons, $m\ge 10^{-18}eV$, corresponding to $\le 0.27pc$, as an alternative to a single black hole (BH) or a concentration of stellar BH remnants proposed recently. This is particularly important as having a concentrated stellar BH remnant with the above radii is very challenging without the heavy core since the three body encounters would prevent the BHs to be that concentrated. We propose this core develops from dark matter captured in the deep gravitational potential of this globular cluster as it orbits the dark halo of our galaxy. This boson may be evidence for a second light axion, additional to a lighter boson of $10^{-22}eV$, favored for the dominant dark matter implied by the large dark cores of dwarf spheroidal galaxies. The identification of two such light bosonic mass scales favors the generic string theory prediction of a wide, discrete mass spectrum of axionic scalar fields.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAhep-phhep-thPRD(2020)·23 citations
25. 25*

    Moduli Stars

    Sven Krippendorf🇩🇪 · Francesco Muia🇮🇹 · Fernando Quevedo🇮🇹

    We explore the possibility that (Bose-Einstein) condensation of scalar fields from string compactifications can lead to long-lived compact objects. Depending on the type of scalar fields we find different realisations of star-like and solitonic objects. We illustrate in the framework of type~IIB string compactifications that closed string moduli can lead to heavy microscopic stars with masses of order ${\mathcal{V}}^{\alpha }{M}_{\mathrm{Planck}}$, $\alpha =1,3/2,5/3$ where $\mathcal{V}$ is the volume of the extra dimensions. Macroscopic compact objects from ultra-light string axions are realised with masses of order $e^{{\mathcal{V}}^{2/3}}{M}_{\mathrm{Planck}}.$ Q-ball configurations can be obtained from open string moduli whereas the closed string sector gives rise to a new class of solutions, named PQ-balls, that arise in the two-field axion-modulus system. The stability, the potential for the formation, and the observability of moduli stars through gravitational waves are discussed. In particular we point out that during the early matter phase given by moduli domination, density perturbations grow by a factor ${\mathcal{V}}^{\beta }$ with $\beta >2$ and non-linear effects cannot be neglected.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COhep-phJHEP(2018)·41 citations
26. 26*

    Analysis of the image of pion-emitting sources in source center of mass frame

    Yanyu Ren🇨🇳 · Qichun Feng🇨🇳 · Weining Zhang🇨🇳 · Lei Huo🇨🇳 · Jingbo Zhang🇨🇳 · Jianli Liu🇨🇳 · Guixin Tang🇨🇳

    In this paper, we try a method to extract the image of pion-emitting source function in the center-of-mass frame of source (CMFS). We choose the identical pion pairs according to the difference of their energy and use these pion pairs to build the correlation function. The purpose is to reduce the effect of $△E△t$, thus the corresponding imaging result can tend to the real source function. We examine the effect of this method by comparing its results with real source functions extracted from models directly.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phEPJA(2017)·2 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.