Thu·Feb 1, 2018Thursday·February 1, 2018

1. 01*

   Studying the Pc(4450) resonance in J/psi photoproduction off protons

   Astrid N. Hiller Blin🇩🇪 · César Fernández-Ramírez🇲🇽 · Andrew Jackura🇺🇸 · Vincent Mathieu🇺🇸 · Victor I. Mokeev🇺🇸 · Alessandro Pilloni🇺🇸 · Adam P. Szczepaniak🇺🇸

   The LHCb has reported the observation of a resonancelike structure, the Pc(4450), in the J/psi p invariant masses. In our work, we discuss the feasibility of detecting this structure in J/psi photoproduction, e.g. in the measurements that have been approved for the experiments in Hall A/C and in Hall B with CLAS12 at JLab. Also the GlueX Collaboration has already reported preliminary results. We take into account the experimental resolution effects, and perform a global fit to world J/psi photoproduction data in order to study the possibility of observing the Pc(4450) signal in future JLab data. We present a first estimate of the upper limit for the branching ratio of the Pc(4450) into the J/psi p channel, and we study the angular distributions of the differential cross sections. This will shed light on the nature and couplings of the Pc(4450) structure in the future photoproduction experiments.

   hep-phFew Body Syst.(2018)·6 citations
2. 02*

   Modeling of quantum effects in the hadronization

   Sharka Todorova-Nova🇫🇷

   A recent observation of a threshold momentum difference in the production of adjacent hadrons is implemented in the fragmentation model of a three-dimensional QCD string, with the aim to investigate the common origin of the azimuthal ordering of hadrons and of the correlations commonly attributed to the Bose-Einstein effect. The role of particle decays and their polarization in the measurement of two-particle correlations is evaluated. A comparison with the available data is presented and further measurements suggested. The impact of the hadronization on the long range angular correlations is discussed.

   hep-ph2 citations
3. 03*

   The general relativistic effects to the magnetic moment in the Earth's gravity

   Takahiro Morishima🇯🇵 · Toshifumi Futamase🇯🇵 · Hirohiko M. Shimizu🇯🇵

   The magnetic moment of free fermions in the Earth's gravitational field has been studied on the basis of the general relativity. Adopting the Schwarzschild metric for the background spacetime, the dipole coupling between the magnetic moment and the magnetic field has been found to be dependent of the gravity in the calculation up to the post-Newtonian order $O(1/c^2)$. The gravity-dependence can be formulated by employing the effective value of the magnetic moment as a gravity-dependent quantity ${\mu }_{\mathrm{m}}^{\mathrm{eff}}=(1+3\varphi /c^2){\mu }_{\mathrm{m}}$ commonly for the cases of minimal coupling, non-minimal coupling and their mixture. The gravitationally induced anomaly is found to be canceled in the experimental values of the anomalous magnetic moment measured in the Penning trap and storage ring methods.

   hep-phPTEP(2018)·17 citations
4. 04*

   Post-Newtonian effects of Dirac particle in curved spacetime - II : the electron g-2 in the Earth's gravity

   Takahiro Morishima🇯🇵 · Toshifumi Futamase🇯🇵 · Hirohiko M. Shimizu🇯🇵

   The general relativistic effects to the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron ${\mathrm{g}}_{\mathrm{e}}$-2 in the Earth's gravitational field have been examined. The magnetic moment of electrons to be measured on the Earth's surface is evaluated as ${\mu }_{\mathrm{m}}^{\mathrm{eff}}\simeq (1+3\varphi /c^2){\mu }_{\mathrm{m}}$ on the basis of the Dirac equation containing the post-Newtonian effects of the general relativity for fermions moving in the Earth's gravitational field. This implies that the anomalous magnetic moment of $10^{-9}$ appears in addition to the radiative corrections in the quantum field theory. This may seem contradictory with the fact of the 12th digit agreement between the experimental value measured on the ground level ${\mathrm{g}}_{\mathrm{e}(\mathrm{EXP})}$ and the theoretical value calculated in the flat spacetime ${\mathrm{g}}_{\mathrm{e}(\mathrm{SM})}$. In this paper, we show that the apparent contradiction can be explained consistently with the framework of the general relativity.

   hep-phProg. Theor. Exp. Phys. 063B07 (2018)·5 citations
5. 05*

   Post-Newtonian effects of Dirac particle in curved spacetime - III : the muon g-2 in the Earth's gravity

   Takahiro Morishima🇯🇵 · Toshifumi Futamase🇯🇵 · Hirohiko M. Shimizu🇯🇵

   The general relativistic effects to the anomalous magnetic moment of muons moving in the Earth's gravitational field have been examined. The Dirac equation generalized to include the general relativity suggests the magnetic moment of fermions measured on the ground level is influenced by the Earth's gravitational field as ${\mu }_{\mathrm{m}}^{\mathrm{eff}}\simeq (1+3\varphi /c^2){\mu }_{\mathrm{m}}$, where ${\mu }_{\mathrm{m}}$ is the magnetic moment in the flat spacetime and $\varphi =-GM/r$ is the Earth's gravitational potential. It implies that the muon anomalous magnetic moment measured on the Earth $a_{\mu }\equiv {\mathrm{g}}_{\mu }/2-1$ contains the gravitational correction of $\left|a_{\mu }\right|\simeq 2.1\times 10^{-9}$ in addition to the quantum radiative corrections. The gravitationally induced anomaly may affect the comparison between the theoretical and experimental values recently reported: $a_{\mu (\mathrm{EXP})}-a_{\mu (\mathrm{SM})}=28.8(8.0)\times 10^{-10}(3.6\sigma )$. In this paper, the comparison between the theory and the experiment is examined by considering the influence of the spacetime curvature to the measurement on the muon ${\mathrm{g}}_{\mu }-2$ experiment using the storage ring on the basis of the general relativity up to the post-Newtonian order of $O(1/c^2)$.

   hep-phProg. Theor. Exp. Phys. 063B07 (2018)·10 citations
6. 06*

   Enhanced axion-photon coupling in GUT with hidden photon

   Ryuji Daido🇯🇵 · Fuminobu Takahashi🇯🇵 · Norimi Yokozaki🇯🇵

   We show that the axion coupling to photons can be enhanced in simple models with a single Peccei-Quinn field, if the gauge coupling unification is realized by a large kinetic mixing $\chi =\mathcal{O}(0.1)$ between hypercharge and unbroken hidden U(1)${}_H$. The key observation is that the U(1)${}_H$ gauge coupling should be rather strong to induce such large kinetic mixing, leading to enhanced contributions of hidden matter fields to the electromagnetic anomaly. We find that the axion-photon coupling is enhanced by about a factor of 10-100 with respect to the GUT-axion models with $E/N=8/3$.

   hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exPLB(2018)·40 citations
7. 07*

   Numerical analytic continuation of Euclidean data

   Ralf-Arno Tripolt🇮🇹 · Philipp Gubler🇯🇵 · Maksim Ulybyshev🇩🇪 · Lorenz von Smekal🇩🇪

   In this work we present a direct comparison of three different numerical analytic continuation methods: the Maximum Entropy Method, the Backus-Gilbert method and the Schlessinger point or Resonances Via Padé method. First, we perform a benchmark test based on a model spectral function and study the regime of applicability of these methods depending on the number of input points and their statistical error. We then apply these methods to more realistic examples, namely to numerical data on Euclidean propagators obtained from a Functional Renormalization Group calculation, to data from a lattice Quantum Chromodynamics simulation and to data obtained from a tight-binding model for graphene in order to extract the electrical conductivity.

   hep-phhep-lathep-thComput.Phys.Commun.(2019)·96 citations
8. 08*

   Tribaryon configurations and the inevitable three nucleon repulsions at short distance

   Aaron Park🇰🇷 · Woosung Park🇰🇷 · Su Houng Lee🇰🇷

   We decompose the tribaryon configuration in terms of SU(3) flavor and spin state and analyse their color-spin-flavor wave function following Pauli principle. By comparing the color-color and color-spin interactions of compact tribaryon configuration against the lowest three nucleon threshold within a constituent quark model, we show that the three nucleon forces have to be repulsive at short distance for all possible quantum numbers and all values of the SU(3) symmetry breaking parameter. Our work identifies the origin of the repulsive nuclear three body forces including the hyperons at short distance that are called for from phenomenological considerations starting from nuclear matter to the maximum mass of a neutron star.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2018)·13 citations
9. 09*

   Slepton pair production at the LHC in NLO+NLL with resummation-improved parton densities

   J. Fiaschi🇩🇪 · M. Klasen🇩🇪

   Novel PDFs taking into account resummation-improved matrix elements, albeit only in the fit of a reduced data set, allow for consistent NLO+NLL calculations of slepton pair production at the LHC. We apply a factorisation method to this process that minimises the effect of the data set reduction, avoids the problem of outlier replicas in the NNPDF method for PDF uncertainties and preserves the reduction of the scale uncertainty. For Run II of the LHC, left-handed selectron/smuon, right-handed and maximally mixed stau production, we confirm that the consistent use of threshold-improved PDFs partially compensates the resummation contributions in the matrix elements. Together with the reduction of the scale uncertainty at NLO+NLL, the described method further increases the reliability of slepton pair production cross sections at the LHC.

   hep-phJHEP(2018)·73 citations
10. 10*

    Dark matter interaction between massive standard particles

    Fernand M Renard🇫🇷

    We propose further tests of the assumption that the mass of the heavy standard particles ($Z,W,t,...$) arises from a special coupling with dark matter. We look for effects of new interactions due to dark matter exchanges between heavy particles in several $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ and hadronic collision processes.

    hep-ph7 citations
11. 11*

    Higher order corrections to mixed QCD-EW contributions to Higgs production in gluon fusion

    Marco Bonetti🇩🇪 · Kirill Melnikov🇩🇪 · Lorenzo Tancredi🇨🇭

    We present an estimate of the next-to-leading order QCD corrections to mixed QCD-electroweak contribution to Higgs boson production cross section in gluon fusion, combining the recently computed three-loop virtual corrections and the approximate treatment of real emission in the soft approximation. We find that the NLO QCD corrections to mixed QCD-electroweak contributions are nearly identical to NLO QCD corrections to QCD Higgs production. Our result confirms an earlier estimate of these $\mathcal{O}\left(\alpha {\alpha }_s^2\right)$ effects in arXiv:0811.3458 [hep-ph] and provides further support for the factorization approximation of QCD and electroweak corrections.

    hep-phPRD(2018)·142 citations
12. 12*

    Probing the muon g_\mu-2 anomaly, L_{\mu} - L_{\tau} gauge boson and Dark Matter in dark photon experiments

    S.N. Gninenko🇷🇺 · N.V. Krasnikov🇷🇺

    In the L_{\mu} - L_{\tau} model the 3.6$\sigma$ discrepancy between the predicted and measured values of the anomalous magnetic moment of positive muons can be explained by the existence of a new dark boson Z' with a mass in the sub-GeV range, which is coupled at tree level predominantly to the second and third lepton generations. However, at the one-loop level, the Z' coupling to electrons or quarks can be induced via the \gamma -Z' kinetic mixing, which is generated through the loop involving the muon and tau lepton. This loophole has important experimental consequences since it opens up new possibilities, in particular for the complementary searches of the Z' in the ongoing NA64 and incoming dark photon experiments with high-energy electrons. An extension of the model able to explain relic Dark Matter density is also discussed.

    hep-phhep-exPLB(2018)·94 citations
13. 13*

    Scrutinizing $\bar{B}\to D^{\ast }(D\pi ){\ell }^{-}{\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$ and $\bar{B}\to D^{\ast }(D\gamma ){\ell }^{-}{\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$ in search of new physics footprints

    Pietro Colangelo🇮🇹 · Fulvia De Fazio🇮🇹

    Besides being important to determine Standard Model parameters such as the CKM matrix elements $|V_{cb}|$ and $|V_{ub}|$, semileptonic $B$ decays seem also promising to reveal new physics (NP) phenomena, in particular in connection with the possibility of uncovering lepton flavour universality (LFU) violating effects. In this view, it could be natural to connect the tensions in the inclusive versus exclusive determinations of $|V_{cb}|$ to the anomalies in the ratios $R(D^{(\ast )})$ of decay rates into $\tau$ vs $\mu ,e$. However, the question has been raised about the role of the parametrization of the hadronic $B\to D^{(\ast )}$ form factors in exclusive $B$ decay modes. We focus on the fully differential angular distributions of $\bar{B}\to D^{\ast }{\ell }^{-}{\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$ with $D^{\ast }\to D\pi$ or $D^{\ast }\to D\gamma$, the latter mode being important in the case of $B_s\to D_s^{\ast }$ decays. We show that the angular coefficients in the distributions can be used to scrutinize the role of the form factor parametrization and to pin down deviations from SM. As an example of a NP scenario, we include a tensor operator in the $b\to c$ semileptonic effective Hamiltonian, and discuss how the angular coefficients allow to construct observables sensitive to this structure, also defining ratios useful to test LFU.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latJHEP(2018)·79 citations
14. 14*

    Topological Defects in the Georgi-Machacek Model

    Chandrasekhar Chatterjee🇯🇵 · Masafumi Kurachi🇯🇵 · Muneto Nitta🇯🇵

    We study topological defects in the Georgi-Machacek model in a hierarchical symmetry breaking in which extra triplets acquire vacuum expectation values before the doublet. We find a possibility of topologically stable non-Abelian domain walls and non-Abelian flux tubes (vortices) in this model. In the limit of the vanishing $U(1{)}_{\mathrm{Y}}$ gauge coupling in which the custodial symmetry becomes exact, the presence of a vortex spontaneously breaks the custodial symmetry, giving rise to $S^2$ Nambu-Goldstone (NG) modes localized around the vortex corresponding to non-Abelian fluxes. Vortices are continuously degenerated by these degrees of freedom, thereby called non-Abelian. By taking into account the $U(1{)}_{\mathrm{Y}}$ gauge coupling, the custodial symmetry is explicitly broken, the NG modes are lifted, and all non-Abelian vortices fall into a topologically stable $Z$-string. This is in contrast to the SM in which $Z$-strings are non-topological and are unstable in the realistic parameter region.Non-Abelian domain walls also break the custodial symmetry and are accompanied by localized $S^2$ NG modes. Finally, we discuss the existence of domain wall solutions bounded by flux tubes, where their $S^2$ NG modes match. The domain walls may quantum mechanically decay by creating a hole bounded by a flux tube loop, and would be cosmologically safe. Gravitational waves produced from unstable domain walls could be detected by future experiments

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2018)·13 citations
15. 15*

    Three Neutrino Oscillations in Matter

    Ara Ioannisian🇦🇲 · Stefan Pokorski🇵🇱

    Following similar approaches in the past, the Schrodinger equation for three neutrino propagation in matter of constant density is solved analytically by two successive diagonalizations of 2x2 matrices. The final result for the oscillation probabilities is obtained directly in the conventional parametric form as in the vacuum but with explicit simple modification of two mixing angles (${\theta }_{12}$ and ${\theta }_{13}$) and mass eigenvalues.

    hep-phPLB(2018)·32 citations
16. 16*

    On the chiral expansion of vector meson masses

    Ruchipas Bavontaweepanya🇹🇭 · Xiao-Yu Guo🇩🇪 · Matthias F.M. Lutz🇩🇪

    We study the chiral expansion of meson masses and decay constants using a chiral Lagrangian that was constructed previously based on the hadrogenesis conjecture. The one-loop self energies of the Goldstone bosons and vector mesons are evaluated. It is illustrated that a renormalizeable effective field theory arises once specific conditions on the low-energy constants are imposed. For the case where the hadrogenesis mass gap scale Lambda_{HG} is substantially larger than the chiral symmetry breaking scale Lambda_chi a partial summation scheme is required. All terms proportional to (M/\Lambda_\chi)^n can be summed by a suitable renormalization, where M is the chiral and large-N_c limit of the vector meson masses in QCD. The size of loop effects from vector meson degrees of freedom is illustrated for physical quarks masses. Naturally sized effects are observed that have significant impact on the chiral structure of low-energy QCD with three light flavours.

    hep-phnucl-thPRD(2018)·15 citations
17. 17*

    Determine Arbitrary Feynman Integrals by Vacuum Integrals

    Xiao Liu🇨🇳 · Yan-Qing Ma🇨🇳

    By introducing an auxiliary parameter, we find a new representation for Feynman integrals, which defines a Feynman integral by analytical continuation of a series containing only vacuum integrals. The new representation therefore conceptually translates the problem of computing Feynman integrals to the problem of performing analytical continuations. As an application of the new representation, we use it to construct a novel reduction method for multi-loop Feynman integrals, which is expected to be more efficient than known integration-by-parts reduction method. Using the new method, we successfully reduced all complicated two-loop integrals in $gg\to HH$ process and $gg\to ggg$ process.

    hep-phhep-thnucl-thPRD(2019)·80 citations
18. 18*

    Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the decay of Higgs to vector meson and Z boson

    Qing-Feng Sun🇨🇳 · An-Min Wang🇨🇳

    The exclusive decay of the Higgs boson to a vector meson ($J/\psi$ or ${\rm Y}(1S)$) and $Z$ boson is studied in this work. The decay amplitudes are separated into two parts in a gauge invariant manner. The first part comes from the direct coupling of the Higgs boson to the charm (bottom) quark and the other from the $HZ{Z}^{\ast }$ or the loop-induced $HZ{\gamma }^{\ast }$ vertexes in the standard model. While the branching ratios from the direct channel are much smaller than those of the indirect channel, their interference terms give nontrivial contributions. We further calculate the QCD radiative corrections to both channels, which reduce the total branching ratios by around 20% for both $J/\psi$ and ${\rm Y}(1S)$ production. These results may help to check the SM predictions of the $Hc\bar{c}(Hb\bar{b})$ coupling and to seek for hints of new physics at the High Luminosity LHC or future hadron colliders.

    hep-phCPC(2018)·5 citations
19. 19*

    Can an unbroken flavour symmetry provide an approximate description of lepton masses and mixing?

    Y. Reyimuaji🇮🇹 · A. Romanino🇮🇹

    We provide a complete answer to the following question: what are the flavour groups and representations providing, in the symmetric limit, an approximate description of lepton masses and mixings? We assume that neutrinos masses are described by the Weinberg operator. We show that the pattern of lepton masses and mixings only depends on the dimension, type (real, pseudoreal, complex), and equivalence of the irreducible components of the flavour representation, and we find only six viable cases. In all cases the neutrinos are either anarchical or have an inverted hierarchical spectrum. In the context of SU(5) unification, only the anarchical option is allowed. Therefore, if the hint of a normal hierarchical spectrum were confirmed, we would conclude (under the above assumption) that symmetry breaking effects must play a primary role in the understanding of neutrino flavour observables. In order to obtain the above results, we develop a simple algorithm to determine the form of the lepton masses and mixings directly from the structure of the decomposition of the flavour representation in irreducible components, without the need to specify the form of the lepton mass matrices.

    hep-phJHEP(2018)·17 citations
20. 20*

    Searching for Axion-Like Particles with X-ray Polarimeters

    Francesca Day🇬🇧 · Sven Krippendorf🇩🇪

    X-ray telescopes are an exceptional tool for searching for new fundamental physics. In particular, X-ray observations have already placed world-leading bounds on the interaction between photons and axion-like particles (ALPs). ALPs are hypothetical new ultra-light particles motivated by string theory models. They can also act as dark matter and dark energy, and provide a solution to the strong CP problem. In a background magnetic field, ALPs and photons may interconvert. This leads to energy dependent modulations in both the flux and polarisation of the spectra of point sources shining through large magnetic fields. The next generation of polarising X-ray telescopes will offer new detection possibilities for ALPs. Here we present techniques and projected bounds for searching for ALPs with X-ray polarimetry. We demonstrate that upcoming X-ray polarimetry missions have the potential to place world-leading bounds on ALPs.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEGalaxies(2018)·34 citations
21. 21*

    Schwinger mechanism in the SU(3) Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model with an electric field

    William R. Tavares🇧🇷 · Sidney S. Avancini🇧🇷

    In this work we study the electrized quark matter under finite temperature and density conditions in the context of the SU(2) and SU(3) Nambu--Jona-Lasinio models. To this end, we evaluate the effective quark masses and the Schwinger quark-antiquark pair production rate. For the SU(3) NJL model we incorporate in the Lagrangian the 't Hooft determinant and we present a set of analytical expressions more convenient for numerical evaluations. We predict a decrease of the pseudocritical electric field with the increase of the temperature for both models and a more prominent production rate for the SU(3) model when compared to the SU(2).

    hep-phnucl-thPRD(2018)·11 citations
22. 22*

    Electroweak couplings and LHC constraints on alternative $Z^{\prime }$ models in $E_6$

    Richard H. Benavides🇨🇴 · Luis Muñoz🇨🇴 · William A. Ponce🇨🇴 · Oscar Rodríguez🇨🇴 · Eduardo Rojas🇨🇴

    We report the most general expression for the chiral charges of a $Z^{\prime }$ gauge boson coming from an $E_6$ unification model, as a function of the electroweak parameters and the charges of the $U(1)$ factors in the chain of subgroups. These charges are valid for an arbitrary Higgs sector and only depend on the branching rules of the $E_6$ fundamental representation and the corresponding rules for the fermionic representations of their subgroups. By assuming $E_6$ unification, the renormalization group equations~(RGE) allow us to calculate the electroweak parameters at low energies for most of the chains of subgroups in $E_6$. From RGE and unitary conditions, we show that at low energies there must be a mixing between the gauge boson of the standard model hypercharge and the $Z^{\prime }$. From this, it is possible to delimit the preferred region in the parameter space for a breaking pattern in $E_6$. In general, without unification, it is not viable to determine this region; however, for some models and under certain assumptions, it is possible to limit the corresponding parameter space. By using the most recent upper limits on the cross-section of extra gauge vector bosons $Z^{\prime }$ decaying into dileptons from the ATLAS data at 13~TeV with accumulated luminosities of 36.1~fb${}^{-1}$ and 13.3~fb${}^{-1}$, we report the 95$\%$ C.L. lower limits on the $Z^{\prime }$ mass for the typical $E_6$ benchmark models. We also show the contours in the 95\% C.L. of the $Z^{\prime }$ mass bounds for the entire parameter space of $E_6$.

    hep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2018)·11 citations
23. 23*

    Electric Dipole Moments in the Minimal Scotogenic Model

    Asmaa Abada🇫🇷 · Takashi Toma🇩🇪

    In this work we consider a minimal version of the scotogenic model capable of accounting for an electron electric dipole moment within experimental sensitivity reach in addition to providing a dark matter candidate and radiatively generating neutrino masses. The Standard Model is minimally extended by two sterile fermions and one inert scalar doublet, both having odd parity, while the Standard Model particles have an even parity, imposed by a Z2 symmetry. The neutrino Yukawa couplings provide additional sources of CP violation, and thus a possible impact on electric dipole moments of charged leptons. This model provides two possible dark matter candidates (one bosonic and one fermionic) and our results show that, independently of the ordering of the generated light neutrino spectrum, one can have sizeable electron electric dipole moment within ACME sensitivity reach in the case of fermionic dark matter candidate.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2018)·30 citations
24. 24*

    On the Topic of Jets: Disentangling Quarks and Gluons at Colliders

    Eric M. Metodiev🇺🇸 · Jesse Thaler🇺🇸

    We introduce jet topics: a framework to identify underlying classes of jets from collider data. Because of a close mathematical relationship between distributions of observables in jets and emergent themes in sets of documents, we can apply recent techniques in "topic modeling" to extract jet topics from data with minimal or no input from simulation or theory. As a proof of concept with parton shower samples, we apply jet topics to determine separate quark and gluon jet distributions for constituent multiplicity. We also determine separate quark and gluon rapidity spectra from a mixed Z-plus-jet sample. While jet topics are defined directly from hadron-level multi-differential cross sections, one can also predict jet topics from first-principles theoretical calculations, with potential implications for how to define quark and gluon jets beyond leading-logarithmic accuracy. These investigations suggest that jet topics will be useful for extracting underlying jet distributions and fractions in a wide range of contexts at the Large Hadron Collider.

    hep-phhep-exstat.MLPRL(2018)·108 citations
25. 25*

    Lepton-Number-Charged Scalars and Neutrino Beamstrahlung

    Jeffrey M. Berryman🇺🇸 · André de Gouvêa🇺🇸 · Kevin J. Kelly🇺🇸 · Yue Zhang🇺🇸

    Experimentally, baryon number minus lepton number, $B-L$, appears to be a good global symmetry of nature. We explore the consequences of the existence of gauge-singlet scalar fields charged under $B-L$ -- dubbed lepton-number-charged scalars, LeNCS -- and postulate that these couple to the standard model degrees of freedom in such a way that $B-L$ is conserved even at the non-renormalizable level. In this framework, neutrinos are Dirac fermions. Including only the lowest mass-dimension effective operators, some of the LeNCS couple predominantly to neutrinos and may be produced in terrestrial neutrino experiments. We examine several existing constraints from particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology to the existence of a LeNCS carrying $B-L$ charge equal to two, and discuss the emission of LeNCS's via "neutrino beamstrahlung," which occurs every once in a while when neutrinos scatter off of ordinary matter. We identify regions of the parameter space where existing and future neutrino experiments, including the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, are at the frontier of searches for such new phenomena.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2018)·122 citations
26. 26*

    Probing Cosmic Origins with CO and [CII] Emission Lines

    Azadeh Moradinezhad Dizgah🇺🇸 · Garrett K. Keating🇺🇸 · Anastasia Fialkov🇺🇸

    Primordial non-Gaussianity is an invaluable window into the physical processes that gave rise to the cosmological structure. The presence of local shape PNG imprints a distinct scale-dependent correction to the bias of dark matter tracers on large scales, which can be effectively probed via the technique of intensity mapping. Considering an upcoming generation of experiments, we demonstrate that intensity mapping of CO and [CII] emission can improve upon the current best constraints from the {\it Planck} satellite. We show that measurement of the CO intensity power spectrum by a hypothetical next stage of the ground-based COMAP experiment can achieve $\sigma (f_{\mathrm{NL}}^{\mathrm{loc}})=3.4$, and that the proposed CMB satellite mission PIXIE can achieve $\sigma (f_{\mathrm{NL}}^{\mathrm{loc}})=3.9$ via measurement of [CII] intensity power spectrum.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-thApJL(2019)·38 citations
27. 27*

    Merger Rate Distribution of Primordial-Black-Hole Binaries

    Zu-Cheng Chen🇨🇳 · Qing-Guo Huang🇨🇳

    Up to now several gravitational-wave events from the coalescences of black hole binaries have been reported by LIGO/VIRGO, and imply that black holes should have an extended mass function. We work out the merger rate distribution of primordial-black-hole binaries with a general mass function by taking into account the torques by all primordial black holes and linear density perturbations. In the future, many more coalescences of black hole binaries are expected to be detected, and the one-dimensional and two-dimensional merger rate distributions will be crucial for reconstructing the mass function of primordial black holes.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thApJ(2018)·166 citations
28. 28*

    On a new type of divergence for spiky Wilson loops and related entanglement entropies

    Harald Dorn🇩🇪

    We study the divergences of Wilson loops for a contour with a cusp of zero opening angle, combined with a nonzero discontinuity of its curvature. The analysis is performed in lowest order, both for weak and strong coupling. Such a spike contributes a leading divergent term proportional to the inverse of the square root of the cutoff times the jump of the curvature. As nextleading term appears a logarithmic one in the supersymmetric case, but it is absent in QCD. The strong coupling result, obtained from minimal surfaces in AdS via holography, can be used also for applications to entanglement entropy in (2+1)-dimensional CFT's.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2018)·5 citations
29. 29*

    Renormalization of QCD in the interpolating momentum subtraction scheme at three loops

    J.A. Gracey🇬🇧 · R.M. Simms🇬🇧

    We introduce a more general set of kinematic renormalization schemes than the original momentum (MOM) subtraction schemes of Celmaster and Gonsalves. These new schemes will depend on a parameter $\omega$ which tags the external momentum of one of the legs of the $3$-point vertex functions in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). In each of the three new schemes we renormalize QCD in the Landau and maximal abelian gauges and establish the three loop renormalization group functions in each gauge. As an application we evaluate two critical exponents at the Banks-Zaks fixed point and demonstrate that their values appear to be numerically scheme independent in a subrange of the conformal window.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPRD(2018)·9 citations
30. 30*

    A topological approach to Neutrino masses by using exotic smoothness

    T. Asselmeyer-Maluga🇩🇪 · J. Krol🇵🇱

    In this paper, we will consider a cosmological model with two topological transitions of the space. The smooth 4-dimensional spacetime of the model admits topological transitions of its 3-dimensional slices. The whole approach is inspired by a class of exotic smoothness structure on $S^3\times \mathbb{R}$. In particular, this class of smoothness structures induces two topological transitions. Then, we are able to calculate the energy scales as associated to these topological transitions. For the first transition we will get the value of the GUT scale and the energy of the second transition is at the electroweak scale. The topology of the exotic $S^3\times \mathbb{R}$ determines both, the energy of the scales by certain topological invariants, and the existence of the right-handed sterile neutrino. It is the input for the seesaw mechanism. Secondly, based on this model, we are able to calculate the neutrino masses which are in a very good agreement with experiments. Finally, we will speculate, again based on topology, why there are three generations of neutrinos and an asymmetry between neutrinos and anti-neutrinos.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phMod.Phys.Lett.A(2019)·9 citations
31. 31*

    The impact of ${\mathbf{K}}^{+}\mathbf{\Lambda }$ photoproduction on the resonance spectrum

    D. Rönchen🇩🇪 · M. Döring🇺🇸 · U.-G. Meißner🇩🇪

    The Jülich-Bonn coupled-channel framework is extended to $K^{+}\Lambda$ photoproduction. The spectrum of nucleon and $\Delta$ resonances is extracted from simultaneous fits to several pion-induced reactions in addition to pion, eta and $K^{+}\Lambda$ photoproduction off the proton. More than 40,000 data points up to a center-of-mass energy of E$\sim$2.3 GeV including recently measured double-polarization observables are analyzed. The influence of the $\gamma p\to K^{+}\Lambda$ channel on the extracted resonance parameters and the appearance of states not seen in other channels is investigated. The Jülich-Bonn model includes effective three-body channels and guarantees unitarity and analyticity, which is a prerequisite for a reliable determination of the resonance spectrum in terms of poles and residues.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exEPJA(2018)·60 citations

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