PaperPanorama

HEP Phenomenology·hep-ph

Wed·Mar 1, 2017

25 papers—13 primary·12 cross-listed·reconstructed*

  1. 01*

    NLO Perturbativity Bounds on Quartic Couplings in Renormalizable Theories with -like Scalar Sectors

    Christopher W. Murphy🇺🇸

    The apparent breakdown of unitarity in low order perturbation theory is often is used to place bounds on the parameters of a theory. In this work we give an algorithm for approximately computing the next-to-leading order (NLO) perturbativity bounds on the quartic couplings of a renormalizable theory whose scalar sector is -like. By this we mean theories where either there are no cubic scalar interactions, or the cubic couplings are related to the quartic couplings through spontaneous symmetry breaking. The quantity that tests where perturbation theory breaks down itself can be written as a perturbative series, and having the NLO terms allows one to test how well the series converges. We also present a simple example to illustrate the effect of considering these bounds at different orders in perturbation theory. For example, there is a noticeable difference in the viable parameter when the square of the NLO piece is included versus when it is not.

    hep-phPRD(2017)·16 citations
  2. 02*

    Extending the LHC Reach for New Physics with Sub-Millimeter Displaced Vertices

    Hayato Ito🇯🇵 · Osamu Jinnouchi🇯🇵 · Takeo Moroi🇯🇵 · Natsumi Nagata🇯🇵 · Hidetoshi Otono🇯🇵

    Particles with a sub-millimeter decay length appear in many models of physics beyond the Standard Model. However, their longevity has been often ignored in their LHC searches and they have been regarded as promptly-decaying particles. In this letter, we show that, by requiring displaced vertices on top of the event selection criteria used in the ordinary search strategies for promptly-decaying particles, we can considerably extend the LHC reach for particles with a decay length of . We discuss a way of reconstructing sub-millimeter displaced vertices by exploiting the same technique used for the primary vertex reconstruction on the assumption that the metastable particles are always pair-produced and their decay products contain high- jets. We show that, by applying a cut based on displaced vertices on top of standard kinematical cuts for the search of new particles, the LHC reach can be significantly extended if the decay length is . In addition, we may measure the lifetime of the target particle through the reconstruction of displaced vertices, which plays an important role in understanding the new physics behind the metastable particles.

    hep-phhep-exPLB(2017)·13 citations
  3. 03*

    Photoproduction of with the and -channel Regge contributions

    Sang-Ho Kim🇰🇷 · Seung-il Nam🇰🇷 · Daisuke Jido🇯🇵 · Hyun-Chul Kim🇰🇷

    We investigate the photoproduction of hyperon resonance, i.e., , employing the effective Lagrangian approach with the -channel Regge trajectories at tree level. We extensively explore the effects from the nucleon resonances in the vicinity of the threshold MeV, i.e., , , , , and , and observe that they are of great importance to reproduce the recent CLAS/Jlab experimental data. Total and differential cross sections are given as numerical results and compared with the experimental data, in addition to the -channel momentum transfer and photon-beam asymmetry. The invariant-mass plots for via are also extracted from the two-body process results, showing a qualitative agreement with the data. We also discuss the constituent-counting rule for the internal structure of , resulting in that appears to be different from a simple three-quark state.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2017)·33 citations
  4. 04*

    LHCb anomaly and physics in flavored Z models with flavored Higgs doublets

    P. Ko🇰🇷 · Yuji Omura🇯🇵 · Yoshihiro Shigekami🇯🇵 · Chaehyun Yu🇰🇷

    We study an extended Standard Model with a gauged U(1) flavor symmetry, motivated not only by the fermion mass hierarchy but also by the excesses in reported by the LHCb collaborations. The U(1) charges are assigned to quarks and leptons in a flavor-dependent manner, and flavored Higgs doublets are also introduced in order to detail the Yukawa couplings at the renormalizable level. Then, the fermion mass hierarchy is realized by the vacuum alignment of the Higgs doublets. In this model, flavor-changing currents involving the gauge boson of U(1) and the scalars generated by the Higgs doublets are predicted and the observables in the process possibly deviate from the Standard Model predictions. We study the possibility that these new flavor-changing interactions can explain the excesses in the process, and we derive some predictions for the other flavor-violating processes based on the analysis. We specifically investigate the processes and the other decays: e.g., and , where the deviations are reported by the Belle and collaborations.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2017)·97 citations
  5. 05*

    Identifying the presence of the critical end point in QCD phase diagram by higher order susceptibilities

    Wenkai Fan🇨🇳 · Xiaofeng Luo🇨🇳 · Hongshi Zong🇨🇳

    For the first time, we investigate susceptibilities of dense quark matter up to th order using an effective model. Generally higher order susceptibilities will have more sign changes and larger magnitude, thus should give more information about the presence and location of the conjectured QCD critical end point (CEP). Two cases are studied, one with the CEP and one being crossover phase transition throughout the QCD phase diagram. It is found that a rapid crossover transition can also give similar sign pattern as the case with the CEP and yield large signal. We propose that using several kinds of ions for collision to search for a wider range on the QCD phase diagram may help.

    hep-phCPC(2019)·27 citations
  6. 06*

    Renormalization group equation analysis of a pseudoscalar portal dark matter model

    Karim Ghorbani🇮🇷

    We investigate the vacuum stability and perturbativity of a pseudoscalar portal dark matter model with a Dirac dark matter (DM) candidate, through the renormalization group equation analysis at one-loop order. The model has a particular feature which can evade the direct detection upper bounds measured by XENON100 and even that from planned experiment XENON1T. We first find the viable regions in the parameter space which will give rise to correct DM relic density and comply with the constraints from Higgs physics. We show that for a given mass of the pseudoscalar, the mixing angle plays no significant role in the running of the couplings. Then we study the running of the couplings for various pseudoscalar masses at mixing angle , and find the scale of validity in terms of the dark coupling, . Depending on our choice of the cutoff scale, the resulting viable parameter space will be determined.

    hep-phJ.Phys.G(2017)·6 citations
  7. 07*

    The production of the heavy scalar H in association with top and anti-top quarks

    Skhathisomusa Mthembu🇿🇦 · Mukesh Kumar🇿🇦

    Following arXiv:1506.00612, an effective field theory approach has been introduced for two additional real scalars, and , to study the associated Higgs boson () production with top quarks at the Large Hadron Collider with centre of mass energy TeV. In all studies, one benchmark scenario is considered where the parameters of the model are constrained for GeV and GeV. A comparative study has been performed for the production of the Higgs boson in association with a single top and top-pairs in the Standard Model with respect to the processes where is replaced with the heavy scalar , which further decays via . The analysis has been performed at two stages where the top quarks are studied through a single-lepton channel firstly, and then in the second case with same-sign leptons, electrons or muons in di-lepton events. Different observables, like and -tagged jet multiplicities, total missing energy, and total scalar sum of transverse momenta of all jets and leptons, has been studied.

    hep-ph2 citations
  8. 08*

    Correlations between Abelian Monopoles and center vortices

    Seyed Mohsen Hosseini Nejad🇮🇷 · Sedigheh Deldar🇮🇷

    We study the correlations between center vortices and Abelian monopoles for SU() gauge group. Combining fractional fluxes of monopoles, center vortex fluxes are constructed in the thick center vortex model. Calculating the potentials induced by fractional fluxes constructing the center vortex flux in a thick center vortex-like model and comparing with the potential induced by center vortices, we observe an attraction between fractional fluxes of monopoles constructing the center vortex flux. We conclude that the center vortex flux is stable, as expected. In addition, we show that adding a contribution of the monopole-antimonopole pairs in the potentials induced by center vortices ruins the Casimir scaling at intermediate regime.

    hep-phNPB(2017)·4 citations
  9. 09*

    CSM constraints on the process

    Fernand M. Renard🇫🇷

    We study more deeply the sensitivity of the production process in gluon-gluon collisions to the details of a possible Higgs and top quark compositeness. We establish a relation between Higgs and top quark form factors which would keep the basic cancellation appearing in SM and satisfy the concept of CSM. We give illustrations showing the spectacular consequences of various choices preserving or violating this CSM constraint.

    hep-ph3 citations
  10. 10*

    Thermal Inflation with a Thermal Waterfall Scalar Field Coupled to a Light Spectator Scalar Field

    Konstantinos Dimopoulos🇬🇧 · David H. Lyth🇬🇧 · Arron Rumsey🇬🇧

    A new model of thermal inflation is introduced, in which the mass of the thermal waterfall field is dependent on a light spectator scalar field. Using the formalism, the "end of inflation" scenario is investigated in order to ascertain whether this model is able to produce the dominant contribution to the primordial curvature perturbation. A multitude of constrains are considered so as to explore the parameter space, with particular emphasis to key observational signatures. For natural values of the parameters, the model is found to yield a sharp prediction for the scalar spectral index and its running, well within the current observational bounds.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thPRD(2017)·2 citations
  11. 11*

    On HQET and NRQCD Operators of Dimension 8 and Above

    Ayesh Gunawardana🇺🇸 · Gil Paz🇺🇸

    Effective field theories such as Heavy Quark Effective Theory (HQET) and Non Relativistic Quantum Chromo-(Electro-) dynamics NRQCD (NRQED) are indispensable tools in controlling the effects of the strong interaction. The increasing experimental precision requires the knowledge of higher dimensional operators. We present a general method that allows for an easy construction of HQET or NRQCD (NRQED) operators that contain two heavy quark or non-relativistic fields and any number of covariant derivatives. As an application of our method, we list these terms in the NRQCD Lagrangian, where is the mass of of the spin-half field.

    hep-phJHEP(2017)·42 citations
  12. 12*

    Electroweak baryogenesis from a dark sector

    James M. Cline🇨🇦 · Kimmo Kainulainen🇫🇮 · David Tucker-Smith🇺🇸

    Adding an extra singlet scalar to the Higgs sector can provide a barrier at tree level between a false vacuum with restored electroweak symmetry and the true one. This has been demonstrated to readily give a strong phase transition as required for electroweak baryogenesis. We show that with the addition of a fermionic dark matter particle coupling to , a simple UV-complete model can realize successful electroweak baryogenesis. The dark matter gets a CP asymmetry that is transferred to the standard model through a , which we take to be a coupling of to leptons and an inert Higgs doublet. The CP asymmetry induced in left-handed leptons biases sphalerons to produce the baryon asymmetry. The model has promising discovery potential at the LHC, while robustly providing a large enough baryon asymmetry and correct dark matter relic density with reasonable values of the couplings.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2017)·78 citations
  13. 13*

    Broken boost invariance in the Glasma via finite nuclei thickness

    Andreas Ipp🇦🇹 · David Müller🇦🇹

    We simulate the creation and evolution of non-boost-invariant Glasma in the early stages of heavy ion collisions within the color glass condensate framework. This is accomplished by extending the McLerran-Venugopalan model to include a parameter for the Lorentz-contracted but finite width of the nucleus in the beam direction. We determine the rapidity profile of the Glasma energy density, which shows deviations from the boost-invariant result. Varying the parameters both broad and narrow profiles can be produced. We compare our results to experimental data from RHIC and find surprising agreement.

    hep-phnucl-thPLB(2017)·40 citations
  14. 14*

    Cosmology in Conformal Dilatonic Gravity

    Meir Shimon🇮🇱

    Gravitation is described in the context of a dilatonic theory that is conformally related to general relativity. All dimensionless ratios of fundamental dimensional quantities, e.g. particle masses and the Planck mass, as well as the relative strengths of the fundamental interactions, are fixed constants. An interplay between the positive energy density associated with relativistic matter (and possibly with negative spatial curvature) and the negative energy associated with dynamical dilaton phase results in a non-singular, flat cosmological model with no horizon, and -- as a direct consequence of absence of phase transitions in the early universe -- with no production of topological defects. The (logarithmic) time-derivative of the field modulus is degenerate with the Hubble function, and all cosmological epochs of the standard model are unchanged except at the very early universe. We demonstrate that both linear order perturbation theory and the spherical collapse model are equivalent to those in the standard model, up to modifications caused by the phase of the (complex) scalar field and its perturbations. Consequently, our alternative theory automatically passes the main classical cosmological tests. Quantum excitations of the phase of the scalar field generate a slightly red-tilted spectrum of adiabatic and gaussian scalar perturbations on the largest scales. However, this framework does not provide a similar mechanism for producing primordial gravitational waves on these scales. A spherically symmetric vacuum solution that approximately describes the exterior of gravitationally bound systems (e.g., stars and galaxies) by a modified Schwarzschild-de Sitter metric, augmented with an additional linear potential term, could possibly explain galactic rotation curves and strong gravitational lensing with no recourse to dark matter.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-th4 citations
  15. 15*

    Massive Galileon Positivity Bounds

    Claudia de Rham🇺🇸 · Scott Melville🇬🇧 · Andrew J. Tolley🇺🇸 · Shuang-Yong Zhou🇬🇧

    The EFT coefficients in any gapped, scalar, Lorentz invariant field theory must satisfy positivity requirements if there is to exist a local, analytic Wilsonian UV completion. We apply these bounds to the tree level scattering amplitudes for a massive Galileon. The addition of a mass term, which does not spoil the non-renormalization theorem of the Galileon and preserves the Galileon symmetry at loop level, is necessary to satisfy the lowest order positivity bound. We further show that a careful choice of successively higher derivative corrections are necessary to satisfy the higher order positivity bounds. There is then no obstruction to a local UV completion from considerations of tree level 2-to-2 scattering alone. To demonstrate this we give an explicit example of such a UV completion.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJHEP(2017)·142 citations
  16. 16*

    Neutrino Emission from Supernovae

    H.-Th. Janka (MPI Astrophysics, Garching)🇩🇪

    Supernovae are the most powerful cosmic sources of MeV neutrinos. These elementary particles play a crucial role when the evolution of a massive star is terminated by the collapse of its core to a neutron star or a black hole and the star explodes as supernova. The release of electron neutrinos, which are abundantly produced by electron captures, accelerates the catastrophic infall and causes a gradual neutronization of the stellar plasma by converting protons to neutrons as dominant constituents of neutron star matter. The emission of neutrinos and antineutrinos of all flavors carries away the gravitational binding energy of the compact remnant and drives its evolution from the hot initial to the cold final state. The absorption of electron neutrinos and antineutrinos in the surroundings of the newly formed neutron star can power the supernova explosion and determines the conditions in the innermost supernova ejecta, making them an interesting site for the nucleosynthesis of iron-group elements and trans-iron nuclei. In this Chapter the basic neutrino physics in supernova cores and nascent neutron stars will be discussed. This includes the most relevant neutrino production, absorption, and scattering processes, elementary aspects of neutrino transport in dense environments, the characteristic neutrino emission phases with their typical signal features, and the perspectives connected to a measurement of the neutrino signal from a future galactic supernova.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phnucl-th132 citations
  17. 17*

    Turning the LHC Ring into a New Physics Search Machine

    Risto Orava🇫🇮

    The LHC Collider Ring is proposed to be turned into an ultimate automatic search engine for new physics in four consecutive phases: (1) Searches for heavy particles produced in Central Exclusive Process (CEP): pp -> p + X + p based on the existing Beam Loss Monitoring (BLM) system of the LHC; (2) Feasibility study of using the LHC Ring as a gravitation wave antenna; (3) Extensions to the current BLM system to facilitate precise registration of the selected CEP proton exit points from the LHC beam vacuum chamber; (4) Integration of the BLM based event tagging system together with the trigger/data acquisition systems of the LHC experiments to facilitate an on-line automatic search machine for the physics of tomorrow.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phAIP Conf.Proc.(2017)·2 citations
  18. 18*

    Shapes and features of the primordial bispectrum

    Jinn-Ouk Gong🇰🇷 · Gonzalo A. Palma🇨🇱 · Spyros Sypsas🇨🇱

    If time-dependent disruptions from slow-roll occur during inflation, the correlation functions of the primordial curvature perturbation should have scale-dependent features, a case which is marginally supported from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. We offer a new approach to analyze the appearance of such features in the primordial bispectrum that yields new consistency relations and justifies the search of oscillating patterns modulated by orthogonal and local templates. Under the assumption of sharp features, we find that the cubic couplings of the curvature perturbation can be expressed in terms of the bispectrum in two specific momentum configurations, for example local and equilateral. This allows us to derive consistency relations among different bispectrum shapes, which in principle could be tested in future CMB surveys. Furthermore, based on the form of the consistency relations, we construct new two-parameter templates for features that include all the known shapes.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thJCAP(2017)·6 citations
  19. 19*

    Inflaton condensate fragmentation: Analytical conditions and application to -attractor models

    Jinsu Kim🇰🇷 · John McDonald🇬🇧

    We study the stability of an inflaton condensate in the presence of attractive inflaton self-interactions, in order to determine analytical conditions on the self-interaction couplings under which the condensate undergoes fragmentation. As an application of our results, we consider the stability of the inflaton condensate in -attractor inflation. We show that the stability of the condensate depends upon the value of . For the T-model with , we find that it is unstable for . In this case it is expected that inflation will be followed by an oscillon-dominated era.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPRD(2017)·14 citations
  20. 20*

    The CKM Parameters

    Sébastien Descotes-Genon🇫🇷 · Patrick Koppenburg🇳🇱

    The Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix is a key element to describe flavour dynamics in the Standard Model. With only four parameters, this matrix is able to describe a large range of phenomena in the quark sector, such as CP violation and rare decays. It can thus be constrained by many different processes, which have to be measured experimentally with a high accuracy and computed with a good theoretical control. With the advent of the B factories and the LHCb experiment taking data, the precision has significantly improved recently. The most relevant experimental constraints and theoretical inputs are reviewed and fits to the CKM matrix are presented for the Standard Model and for some topical model-independent studies of New Physics.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phAnn.Rev.Nucl.Part.Sci.(2017)·68 citations
  21. 21*

    Photon-Axion Conversion, Magnetic Field Configuration, and Polarization of Photons

    Emi Masaki🇯🇵 · Arata Aoki🇯🇵 · Jiro Soda🇯🇵

    We study the evolution of photon polarization during the photon-axion conversion process with focusing on the magnetic field configuration dependence. Most previous studies have been carried out in a conventional model where a network of magnetic domains is considered and each domain has a constant magnetic field. We investigate a more general model where a network of domains is still assumed, but each domain has a helical magnetic field. We find that the asymptotic behavior does not depend on the configuration of magnetic fields. Remarkably, we analytically obtain the asymptotic values of the variance of polarization in the conventional model. When the helicity is small, we show that there appears the damped oscillating behavior in the early stage of evolution. Moreover, we see that the constraints on the axion coupling and the cosmological magnetic fields using polarization observations are affected by the magnetic field configuration. This is because the different transient behavior of polarization dynamics is caused by the different magnetic field configuration. Recently, [C. Wang and D. Lai, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 06 (2016) 006.] claimed that the photon-axion conversion in helical model behaves peculiarly. However, our helical model gives much closer predictions to the conventional discontinuous magnetic field configuration model.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2017)·56 citations
  22. 22*

    How Dark Matter Came to Matter

    Jaco de Swart🇳🇱 · Gianfranco Bertone🇳🇱 · Jeroen van Dongen🇳🇱

    The history of the dark matter problem can be traced back to at least the 1930s, but it was not until the early 1970s that the issue of 'missing matter' was widely recognized as problematic. In the latter period, previously separate issues involving missing mass were brought together in a single anomaly. We argue that reference to a straightforward 'accumulation of evidence' alone is inadequate to comprehend this episode. Rather, the rise of cosmological research, the accompanying renewed interest in the theory of relativity and changes in the manpower division of astronomy in the 1960s are key to understanding how dark matter came to matter. At the same time, this story may also enlighten us on the methodological dimensions of past practices of physics and cosmology.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phphysics.hist-phNature Astron.(2017)·205 citations
  23. 23*

    Quintessential Inflation with -attractors

    Konstantinos Dimopoulos🇬🇧 · Charlotte Owen🇬🇧

    A novel approach to quintessential inflation model building is studied, within the framework of -attractors, motivated by supergravity theories. Inflationary observables are in excellent agreement with the latest CMB observations, while quintessence explains the dark energy observations without any fine-tuning. The model is kept intentionally minimal, avoiding the introduction of many degrees of freedom, couplings and mass scales. In stark contrast to CDM, for natural values of the parameters, the model attains transient accelerated expansion, which avoids the future horizon problem, while it maintains the field displacement mildly sub-Planckian such that the flatness of the quintessential tail is not lifted by radiative corrections and violations of the equivalence principle (fifth force) are under control. In particular, the required value of the cosmological constant is near the eletroweak scale. Attention is paid to the reheating of the Universe, which avoids gravitino overproduction and respects nucleosynthesis constraints. Kination is treated in a model independent way. A spike in gravitational waves, due to kination, is found not to disturb nucleosynthesis as well.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thJCAP(2017)·178 citations
  24. 24*

    Repulsive interactions and their effects on the thermodynamics of hadron gas

    Pok Man Lo🇵🇱 · Bengt Friman🇩🇪 · Michal Marczenko🇵🇱 · Krzysztof Redlich🇵🇱 · Chihiro Sasaki🇵🇱

    We compare two approaches in modeling repulsive interactions among hadrons: the excluded volume approximation and the S-matrix formalism. These are applied to study the thermodynamics of the system. It is shown that the introduction of an extraneous repulsion between pions and nucleons via the excluded volume approach, in addition to the interaction that generates the -resonance, is incompatible with the analysis based on the physical phase shift of pion-nucleon scattering in the channel. This finding suggests that the repulsive force between hadrons is interaction-channel dependent and is hence unlikely to be captured by a single phenomenological parameter. The S-matrix approach employed here can be used, however, to provide useful estimates of the magnitude of the effective eigenvolume.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRC(2017)·42 citations
  25. 25*

    Limits on the anomalous speed of gravitational waves from binary pulsars

    Hermano Velten🇧🇷 · Jose Beltrán Jiménez🇫🇷 · Federico Piazza🇫🇷

    A large class of modified theories of gravity used as models for dark energy predict a propagation speed for gravitational waves which can differ from the speed of light. This difference of propagations speeds for photons and gravitons has an impact in the emission of gravitational waves by binary systems. Thus, we revisit the usual quadrupolar emission of binary system for an arbitrary propagation speed of gravitational waves and obtain the corresponding period decay formula. We then use timing data from the Hulse-Taylor binary pulsar and obtain that the speed of gravitational waves can only differ from the speed of light at the percentage level. This bound places tight constraints on dark energy models featuring an anomalous propagations speed for the gravitational waves.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.Conf.Ser.(2017)·1 citation

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.