Wed·Sep 16, 2015Wednesday·September 16, 2015

1. 01*

   Proton-lambda correlation functions at the LHC with account for residual correlations

   V. M. Shapoval🇺🇦 · Yu. M. Sinyukov🇺🇦 · V. Yu. Naboka🇺🇦

   The theoretical analysis of $\bar{p}-\Lambda \oplus p-\bar{\Lambda }$ correlation function in 10% most central Au+Au collisions at RHIC energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV shows that the contribution of residual correlations is the necessary factor to obtain a satisfactory description of the experimental data. A neglecting of the residual correlation effect, leads to unrealistically low source radius, about 2 times smaller than the corresponding value for $p-\Lambda \oplus \bar{p}-\bar{\Lambda }$ case, when one fits the experimental correlation function within Lednicky-Lyuboshitz analytical model. Recently an approach accounting effectively for residual correlations for the baryon-antibaryon correlation function was proposed, and a good RHIC data description was reached with the source radius extracted from the hydrokinetic model (HKM). The $\bar{p}-\Lambda$ scattering length, as well as the parameters characterizing the residual correlation effect --- annihilation dip amplitude and its inverse width --- were extracted from the corresponding fit. In this paper we use these extracted values and simulated in HKM source functions for Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV to predict the corresponding $p\Lambda$ and $p\bar{\Lambda }$ correlation functions.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRC(2015)·2 citations
2. 02*

   Photon and dilepton production from a non-equilibrium quark-gluon plasma

   Lusaka Bhattacharya🇺🇸 · Radoslaw Ryblewski🇵🇱 · Michael Strickland🇺🇸

   We calculate leading-order medium photon and dilepton yields from a quark-gluon plasma using (3+1)-dimensional anisotropic hydrodynamics. In the case of dileptons, at leading-order it is sufficient to take into account non-equilibrium corrections to the rate through the use of anisotropic distribution functions. In the case of photons, non-equilibrium corrections to the rate are taken into account using a self-consistent modification of the distribution functions and the corresponding anisotropic hard-loop quark self-energies. We present predictions for the high-energy photon and dilepton spectrum and the photon elliptic flow as a function of invariant mass, transverse momentum, shear viscosity, and initial momentum-space anisotropy. Our findings indicate that both high-energy photon and dilepton production are sensitive to the assumed level of initial momentum-space anisotropy of the quark-gluon plasma. In addition, we find that the photon elliptic flow depends on the initial momentum-space anisotropy.

   hep-phnucl-thNucl.Part.Phys.Proc.(2016)·3 citations
3. 03*

   A Model with New Signatures of Exotic Chiral Fermions Coupling with Scalar Leptoquarks

   D. A. Camargo🇧🇷

   In this paper, the possibility to have new physics is considered at the scale of the electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB) in a completely new framework. A new non-standard minimal chiral fermion extension of the Standard Model (SM) which renders the complete model free from anomalies is included. The new fermionic matter coupled with scalar leptoquaks (SLQ) developing new signals for exotic fermions that could be evaluated in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Analysis based on the cross-section final states shows that the channels $D_{-1/3}{\overline{D}}_{-1/3}\to jj+\notin$ and $D_{-1/3}{\overline{D}}_{-1/3}\to 2l^{-}2l^{+}+jj$ have an apparent narrow window $M_{D_{-1/3}}\sim 240-300$ GeV still allowed by direct and indirect constraints and then interesting for analysis to the new run of the LHC.

   hep-ph8 citations
4. 04*

   Quark-flavored scalar dark matter

   Bhubanjyoti Bhattacharya🇨🇦 · James M. Cline🇨🇦 · Alakabha Datta🇺🇸 · Grace Dupuis🇨🇦 · David London🇨🇦

   It is an intriguing possibility that dark matter (DM) could have flavor quantum numbers like the quarks. We propose and investigate a class of UV-complete models of this kind, in which the dark matter is in a scalar triplet of an SU(3) flavor symmetry, and interacts with quarks via a colored flavor-singlet fermionic mediator. Such mediators could be discovered at the LHC if their masses are $\sim 1$ TeV. We constrain the DM-mediator couplings using relic abundance, direct detection, and flavor-changing neutral-current considerations. We find that, for reasonable values of its couplings, scalar flavored DM can contribute significantly to the real and imaginary parts of the $B_s$-${\bar{B}}_s$ mixing amplitude. We further assess the potential for such models to explain the galactic center GeV gamma-ray excess.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2015)·29 citations
5. 05*

   Scalar Dark Matter: Direct vs. Indirect Detection

   Michael Duerr🇩🇪 · Pavel Fileviez Perez🇩🇪 · Juri Smirnov🇩🇪

   We revisit the simplest model for dark matter. In this context the dark matter candidate is a real scalar field which interacts with the Standard Model particles through the Higgs portal. We discuss the relic density constraints as well as the predictions for direct and indirect detection. The final state radiation processes are investigated in order to understand the visibility of the gamma lines from dark matter annihilation. We find two regions where one could observe the gamma lines at gamma-ray telescopes. We point out that the region where the dark matter mass is between 92 and 300 GeV can be tested in the near future at direct and indirect detection experiments.

   hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exJHEP(2016)·90 citations
6. 06*

   Towards a No-Lose Theorem for Naturalness

   David Curtin🇺🇸 · Prashant Saraswat🇺🇸

   We derive a phenomenological no-lose theorem for naturalness up to the TeV scale, which applies when quantum corrections to the Higgs mass from top quarks are canceled by perturbative BSM particles (top partners) of similar multiplicity due to to some symmetry. Null results from LHC searches already seem to disfavor such partners if they are colored. Any partners with SM charges and ~TeV masses will be exhaustively probed by the LHC and a future 100 TeV collider. Therefore, we focus on neutral top partners. While these arise in Twin Higgs theories, we analyze neutral top partners as model-independently as possible using EFT and Simplified Model methods. We classify all perturbative neutral top partner structures in order to compute their irreducible low-energy signatures at proposed future lepton and hadron colliders, as well as the irreducible tunings suffered in each scenario. Central to our theorem is the assumption that SM-charged BSM states appear in the UV completion of neutral naturalness, which is the case in all known examples. Direct production at the 100 TeV collider then allows this scale to be probed at the ~10 TeV level. We find that proposed future colliders probe any such scenario of naturalness with tuning of 10% or better. This provides very strong model-independent motivation for both new lepton and hadron colliders, which in tandem act as discovery machines for general naturalness. We put our results in context by discussing other possibilities for naturalness, including "swarms" of top partners, inherently non-perturbative or exotic physics, or theories without SM-charged states in the UV completion. Realizing a concrete scenario which avoids our arguments while still lacking experimental signatures remains an open model-building challenge.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2016)·45 citations
7. 07*

   A Soft-Collinear Mode for Jet Cross Sections in Soft Collinear Effective Theory

   Yang-Ting Chien🇺🇸 · Andrew Hornig🇺🇸 · Christopher Lee🇺🇸

   We propose the addition of a new "soft-collinear" mode to soft collinear effective theory (SCET) below the usual soft scale to factorize and resum logarithms of jet radii $R$ in jet cross sections. We consider exclusive 2-jet cross sections in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collisions with an energy veto $\Lambda$ on additional jets. The key observation is that there are actually two pairs of energy scales whose ratio is $R$: the transverse momentum $QR$ of the energetic particles inside jets and their total energy $Q$, and the transverse momentum $\Lambda R$ of soft particles that are cut out of the jet cones and their energy $\Lambda$. The soft-collinear mode is necessary to factorize and resum logarithms of the latter hierarchy. We show how this factorization occurs in the jet thrust cross section for cone and $k_T$-type algorithms at $O({\alpha }_s)$ and using the thrust cone algorithm at $O({\alpha }_s^2)$. We identify the presence of hard-collinear, in-jet soft, global (veto) soft, and soft-collinear modes in the jet thrust cross section. We also observe here that the in-jet soft modes measured with thrust are actually the "csoft" modes of the theory SCET${}_{+}$. We dub the new theory with both csoft and soft-collinear modes SCET${}_{++}$. We go on to explain the relation between the "unmeasured" jet function appearing in total exclusive jet cross sections and the hard-collinear and csoft functions in measured jet thrust cross sections. We do not resum logs that are non-global in origin, arising from the ratio of the scales of soft radiation whose thrust is measured at $Q\tau /R$ and of the soft-collinear radiation at $2\Lambda R$. Their resummation would require the introduction of additional operators beyond those we consider here. The steps we outline here are a necessary part of summing logs of $R$ that are global in nature and have not been factorized and resummed beyond leading-log level previously.

   hep-phPRD(2016)·73 citations
8. 08*

   Two Higgs doublet model with vectorlike leptons and contributions to $pp\to WW$ and $H\to WW$

   Radovan Dermisek🇺🇸 · Enrico Lunghi🇺🇸 · Seodong Shin🇺🇸

   We study a two Higgs doublet model extended by vectorlike leptons mixing with one family of standard model leptons. Generated flavor violating couplings between heavy and light leptons can dramatically alter the decay patterns of heavier Higgs bosons. We focus on $pp\to H\to {\nu }_4{\nu }_{\mu }\to W\mu {\nu }_{\mu }$, where ${\nu }_4$ is a new neutral lepton, and study possible effects of this process on the measurements of $pp\to WW$ and $H\to WW$ since it leads to the same final states. We discuss predictions for contributions to $pp\to WW$ and $H\to WW$ and their correlations from the region of the parameter space that satisfies all available constraints including precision electroweak observables and from pair production of vectorlike leptons. Large contributions, close to current limits, favor small $\tan \beta$ region of the parameter space. We find that, as a result of adopted cuts in experimental analyses, the contribution to $pp\to WW$ can be an order of magnitude larger than the contribution to $H\to WW$. Thus, future precise measurements of $pp\to WW$ will further constrain the parameters of the model. In addition, we also consider possible contributions to $pp\to WW$ from the heavy Higgs decays into a new charged lepton $e_4$ ($H\to e_4\mu \to W\mu {\nu }_{\mu }$), exotic SM Higgs decays, and pair production of vectorlike leptons.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2016)·48 citations
9. 09*

   Thermal worldline holography

   Dennis D. Dietrich🇩🇪

   For a quantum field theory over four-dimensional Minkowski space at zero temperature worldline holography states, that it can be expressed as a field theory of its sources over five-dimensional AdS space to all orders in its elementary fields, the fifth dimension being Schwinger's proper time of the worldline formalism. For the finite temperatures studied here worldline holography yields either a thermal AdS space or an AdS black hole as five-dimensional manifolds. Comparing the values of the five-dimensional action for the two alternatives does not predict a phase transition as a function of the temperature. This absence is crucially linked to the used coordinates, and worldline holography predicts the Fefferman-Graham form. For these coordinates the only way to tilt the scales in favour of one or the other spacetime is to switch between fermionic or bosonic elementary matter.

   hep-ph3 citations
10. 10*

    New method of accounting for interference contributions within a multipheriperal model

    O. Potiienko🇺🇦 · K. Merkotan🇺🇦 · N. Chudak🇺🇦 · D. Ptashynskiy · T. Zelentsova🇺🇦 · T. Yushkevich🇺🇦 · I. Sharph🇺🇦 · V. Rusov🇺🇦

    We consider an inelastic scattering of protons within the simplest real scalar model ${\varphi }^3$ (phi-cubed). Although this model is being studied for a very long time, the problem of accounting for the interference contributions for all the possible particle multiplicities observed in experiment is not solved yet. We propose the method which is based on grouping of the interference contributions into sets in such a way that the sum of all interference contributions of each particular set can be calculated with Laplace's method. This approach allowed us to calculate all the interference contributions to the cross-sections for multiplicities up to $n\sim 50$ at the energy $\sqrt{s}\sim 50$ GeV. The obtained models of the energy dependence of total $pp$ scattering cross-section and the inclusive rapidity distribution are in qualitative agreement with the experiment. We also consider the well known effect of the energy dependence of the shape of inclusive rapidity distribution, and propose an explanation of this dependence and consider it exactly as the interference effect.

    hep-phPRD(2020)·4 citations
11. 11*

    On an exactly solvable confining quark model and its thermodynamics

    Bruno W. Mintz🇧🇷

    We perform an exact computation of the grand partition function of a model of confined quarks at arbitrary temperatures and quark chemical potentials. The model is inspired by a version of QCD where the perturbative BRST symmetry is broken in the infrared, while perturbative QCD is recovered in the ultraviolet. The theory leads, even at tree level, to a quark mass function compatible with nonperturbative analyses of lattice simulations and Dyson-Schwinger equations. In spite of being defined at tree level, the model produces a non-trivial and stable thermodynamic behaviour at arbitrary values of temperature or chemical potential. Results for the pressure and the trace anomaly as a function of temperature qualitatively resemble those of non-perturbative interactions as observed in lattice simulations. The cold and dense thermodynamics is also contains non-trivial features, being unlike a gas of free massive particles.

    hep-phJ.Phys.Conf.Ser.(2016)·0 citations
12. 12*

    Energy dependence of the ridge in high multiplicity proton-proton collisions

    Kevin Dusling🇺🇸 · Prithwish Tribedy🇺🇸 · Raju Venugopalan🇺🇸

    We demonstrate that the recent measurement of azimuthally collimated, long range rapidity ("ridge") correlations in $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV proton-proton (p+p) collisions by the ATLAS collaboration at the LHC are in agreement with expectations from the color glass condensate effective theory of high energy QCD. The observation that the integrated near side yield as a function of multiplicity is independent of collision energy is a natural consequence of the fact that multiparticle production is driven by a single semi-hard saturation scale in the color glass condensate framework. We argue further that the azimuthal structure of these recent ATLAS ridge measurements strongly constrain hydrodynamic interpretations of such correlations in high multiplicity p+p collisions.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2016)·37 citations
13. 13*

    QCD Factorization for Quarkonium Production in Hadron Collions at Low Transverse Momentum

    J.P. Ma🇨🇳 · C. Wang🇨🇳

    Inclusive production of a quarkonium ${\eta }_{c,b}$ in hadron collisions at low transverse momentum can be used to extract various Transverse-Momentum-Dependent(TMD) gluon distributions of hadrons, provided the TMD factorization for the process holds. The factorization involving unpolarized TMD gluon distributions of unpolarized hadrons has been examined with on-shell gluons at one-loop level. In this work we study the factorization at one-loop level with diagram approach in the most general case, where all TMD gluon distributions at leading twist are involved. We find that the factorization holds and the perturbative effects are represented by one perturbative coefficient. Since the initial gluons from hadrons are off-shell in general, there exists the so-called super-leading region found recently. We find that the contributions from this region can come from individual diagrams at one-loop level, but they are cancelled in the sum. Our factorized result for the differential cross-section is explicitly gauge-invariant.

    hep-phPRD(2016)·20 citations
14. 14*

    Towards parton distributions with fitted charm

    Patrick Groth Merrild🇬🇧 · Luca Rottoli🇬🇧

    Modern parton distribution function fits require an accurate treatment of heavy quark mass effects. In this contribution, we discuss how the FONLL general-mass variable flavour number scheme can be extended to allow for the possibility of a fitted charm PDF. We present a first estimate of the impact of a fitted charm contribution in the FONLL structure functions, and we discuss the development towards including a fitted charm PDF in the NNPDF framework.

    hep-phNucl.Part.Phys.Proc.(2016)·0 citations
15. 15*

    Running Non-Minimal Inflation with Stabilized Inflaton Potential

    Nobuchika Okada🇺🇸 · Digesh Raut🇺🇸

    In the context of the Higgs model involving gauge and Yukawa interactions with the spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking, we consider $\lambda {\varphi }^4$ inflation with non-minimal gravitational coupling, where the Higgs field is identified as inflaton. Since the inflaton quartic coupling is very small, once quantum corrections through the gauge and Yukawa interactions are taken into account, the inflaton effective potential most likely becomes unstable. In order to avoid this problem, we need to impose stability conditions on the effective inflaton potential, which lead to not only non-trivial relations amongst the particle mass spectrum of the model, but also correlations between the inflationary predictions and the mass spectrum. For concrete discussion, we investigate the minimal $B-L$ extension of the Standard Model with identification of the $B-L$ Higgs field as inflaton. The stability conditions for the inflaton effective potential fix the mass ratio amongst the $B-L$ gauge boson, the right-handed neutrinos and the inflaton. This mass ratio also correlates with the inflationary predictions. In other words, if the $B-L$ gauge boson and the right-handed neutrinos are discovered in future, their observed mass ratio provides constraints on the inflationary predictions.

    hep-phastro-ph.COEPJC(2017)·27 citations
16. 16*

    Initial state in heavy ion collisions

    T. Lappi🇫🇮

    We briefly review advances in understanding the initial stages of a heavy ion collision. In particular the focus is on moving from parametrizing the initial state to calculating its properties from QCD, consistently with the description of hard probes and dilute-dense scattering experiments. Modeling the event-by-event fluctuating nuclear geometry in initial state calculations has significantly improved in recent years. We also discuss prospects of directly seeing effects of particle correlations created in the initial state in the experimental observables.

    hep-phnucl-thNucl.Part.Phys.Proc.(2016)·9 citations
17. 17*

    Axion inflation with cross-correlated axion isocurvature perturbations

    Kenji Kadota🇰🇷 · Tatsuo Kobayashi🇯🇵 · Hajime Otsuka🇯🇵

    We study the inflation scenarios, in the framework of superstring theory, where the inflaton is an axion producing the adiabatic curvature perturbations while there exists another light axion producing the isocurvature perturbations. We discuss how the non-trivial couplings among string axions can generically arise, and calculate the consequent cross-correlations between the adiabatic and isocurvature modes through concrete examples. Based on the Planck analysis on the generally correlated isocurvature perturbations, we show that there is a preference for the existence of the correlated isocurvature modes for the axion monodromy inflation while the natural inflation disfavors such isocurvature modes.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJCAP(2016)·16 citations
18. 18*

    Heavy-flavor transport

    Andrea Beraudo🇮🇹

    The formation of a hot deconfined medium (Quark-Gluon Plasma) in high-energy nuclear collisions affects heavy-flavor observables. In the low/moderate-pT range transport calculations allow one to simulate the propagation of heavy quarks in the plasma and to evaluate the effect of the medium on the final hadronic spectra: results obtained with transport coefficients arising from different theoretical approaches can be compared to experimental data. Finally, a discussion of possible effects on heavy-flavor observables due to the possible formation of a hot-medium in small systems (like in p-A collisions) is presented.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thJ.Phys.Conf.Ser.(2016)·1 citation
19. 19*

    DIS2015 Heavy Flavours Working Group Summary

    Marco Guzzi🇬🇧 · Achim Geiser🇩🇪 · Flera Rizatdinova🇺🇸

    Studies presented in the heavy flavours working group are summarized. Very recent results of measurements at the HERA, LHC, Tevatron, STAR, PHENIX, and BaBar experiments are reviewed and new developments in theory and phenomenology are discussed. In particular, aspects of the impact of heavy flavours on global QCD analyses to determine the structure of the proton, and analyses in physics beyond the Standard Model are considered.

    hep-phPoS(2015)·0 citations
20. 20*

    New Physics Models Facing Lepton Flavor Violating Higgs Decays

    Nejc Košnik🇸🇮

    We speculate about the possible interpretations of the recently observed excess in the $h\to \tau \mu$ decay. We derive a robust lower bound on the Higgs boson coupling strength to a tau and a muon, even in presence of the most general new physics affecting other Higgs properties. Then we reevaluate complementary indirect constraints coming from low energy observables as well as from theoretical considerations. In particular, the tentative signal should lead to $\tau \to \mu \gamma$ at rates which could be observed at Belle II. In turn we show that, barring fine-tuned cancellations, the effect can be accommodated within models with an extended scalar sector. These general conclusions are demonstrated in explicit new physics models. Finally we show how, given the $h\to \tau \mu$ signal, the current and future searches for $\mu \to e\gamma$ and $\mu \to e$ nuclear conversions unambiguously constrain the allowed rates for $h\to \tau e$.

    hep-ph5 citations
21. 21*

    Large non-factorizable contributions in $B\to a_0{a}_0$ decays

    Defa Dou🇨🇳 · Xin Liu🇨🇳 · Jing-Wu Li🇨🇳 · Zhen-Jun Xiao🇨🇳

    We investigate three tree-dominated $B\to a_0{a}_0$ decays for the first time in the perturbative QCD(pQCD) approach at leading order in the standard model, with $a_0$ standing for the light scalar $a_0(980)$ state, which is assumed as a meson based on the model of conventional two-quark$(q\bar{q})$ structure. All the topologies of the Feynman diagrams such as the non-factorizable spectator ones and the annihilation ones are calculated in the pQCD approach. It is of great interest to find that, contrary to the known $B\to \pi \pi$ decays, the $B\to a_0{a}_0$ decays are governed by the large non-factorizable contributions, which give rise to the large $B\to a_0{a}_0$ decay rates in the order of $10^{-6}\sim 10^{-5}$, although the $a_0$ meson has an extremely small vector decay constant $f_{a_0}$. Also observed are large direct CP-violating asymmetries around $15\%$ and $30\%$ for the $B^0\to a_0^0{a}_0^0$ and $a_0^{+}{a}_0^{-}$ modes. These sizable predictions could be easily examined at the running Large Hadron Collider and the near future Super-B/Belle-II experiments. The future precision measurements combined with these pQCD predictions might be helpful to explore the complicated QCD dynamics and the inner structure of the light scalar $a_0$, as well as to complementarily constrain the unitary angle $\alpha$.

    hep-phJ.Phys.G(2016)·6 citations
22. 22*

    Light Stop Decays

    Ramona Gröber🇮🇹

    If the stop is the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle (NLSP) and the mass difference to the neutralino is smaller than the top mass, it can decay via flavour-violating decay modes to $c{\tilde{\chi }}_1^0/u{\tilde{\chi }}_1^0$ or a four-body decay to $b{\tilde{\chi }}_1^{0}f{\bar{f}}^{\prime }$, which above the $W$ boson threshold corresponds to the decay to $b{\tilde{\chi }}_1^{0}W$. Improving on existing calculations for these decay modes, we analyse the branching ratios (BRs) for the respective decays and show that they can significantly deviate from one.

    hep-ph0 citations
23. 23*

    $\bar{B}\to X_s\gamma$ with a warped bulk Higgs

    P. Moch🇩🇪 · J. Rohrwild🇬🇧

    We study the decay $\bar{B}\to X_s\gamma$ in Randall-Sundrum models with an IR-localised bulk Higgs. The two models under consideration are a minimal model as well as a model with a custodial protection mechanism. We include the effects of tree- and one-loop diagrams involving 5D gluon and Higgs exchanges as well as QCD corrections arising from the evolution from the Kaluza-Klein scale to the typical scale of the decay. We find the RS corrections to the branching fraction can be sizeable for large Yukawas and moderate KK scales $T$; for small Yukawas the RS contribution is small enough to be invisible in current experimental data.

    hep-phNPB(2016)·10 citations
24. 24*

    Mass assembly history and infall time of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy

    Mei-Yu Wang🇺🇸 · Louis E. Strigari🇺🇸 · Mark R. Lovell🇳🇱 · Carlos S. Frenk🇬🇧 · Andrew R. Zentner🇺🇸

    We use cosmological simulations to identify dark matter subhalo host candidates of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy using the stellar kinematic properties of Fornax. We consider cold dark matter (CDM), warm dark matter (WDM), and decaying dark matter (DDM) simulations for our models of structure formation. The subhalo candidates in CDM typically have smaller mass and higher concentrations at z = 0 than the corresponding candidates in WDM and DDM. We examine the formation histories of the ~ 100 Fornax candidate subhalos identified in CDM simulations and, using approximate luminosity-mass relationships for subhalos, we find two of these subhalos that are consistent with both the Fornax luminosity and kinematics. These two subhalos have a peak mass over ten times larger than their z = 0 mass. We suggest that in CDM the dark matter halo hosting Fornax must have been severely stripped of mass and that it had an infall time into the Milky Way of ~ 9 Gyr ago. In WDM, we find that candidate subhalos consistent with the properties of Fornax have a similar infall time and a similar degree of mass loss, while in DDM we find a later infall time of ~ 3 - 4 Gyr ago and significantly less mass loss. We discuss these results in the context of the Fornax star formation history, and show that these predicted subhalo infall times can be linked to different star formation quenching mechanisms. This emphasizes the links between the properties of the dark matter and the mechanisms that drive galaxy evolution.

    ↳ astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COhep-phMNRAS(2016)·10 citations
25. 25*

    (Anti-)strangeness production in heavy-ion collisions

    Pierre Moreau🇩🇪 · Feng Li🇺🇸 · Che-Ming Ko🇺🇸 · Wolfgang Cassing🇩🇪 · Elena Bratkovskaya🇩🇪

    The production and dynamics of strange and antistrange hadrons in heavy-ion reactions from $\sqrt{s_{NN}}\approx$ 3 GeV to 200 GeV is analyzed within the Parton-Hadron-String-Dynamics (PHSD) transport model. The PHSD results for strange baryon and antibaryon production are roughly consistent with the experimental data starting from upper SPS energies. Nevertheless, hadronic final state flavor-exchange reactions are important for the actual abundances, in particular at large rapidities where hadronic dynamics, parton fragmentation and string decay dominate. A striking disagreement between the PHSD results and the available data persists, however, for bombarding energies below $\sqrt{s_{NN}}\approx$ 8 GeV where the strangeness production is significantly underestimated as in earlier HSD studies. This finding implies that the strangeness enhancement seen experimentally at FAIR/NICA energies cannot be attributed to a deconfinement phase transition or crossover but probably involves the approximate restoration of chiral symmetry in the hadronic phase.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phJ.Phys.Conf.Ser.(2016)·5 citations
26. 26*

    General relativity and cosmology

    Martin Bucher (APC, U. Paris 7/CNRS, Paris, France & University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa)🇫🇷 · Wei-Tou Ni (National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan)🇹🇼

    This year marks the hundredth anniversary of Einstein's 1915 landmark paper "Die Feldgleichungen der Gravitation" in which the field equations of general relativity were correctly formulated for the first time, thus rendering general relativity a complete theory. Over the subsequent hundred years physicists and astronomers have struggled with uncovering the consequences and applications of these equations. This contribution, which was written as an introduction to six chapters dealing with the connection between general relativity and cosmology that will appear in the two-volume book "One Hundred Years of General Relativity: From Genesis and Empirical Foundations to Gravitational Waves, Cosmology and Quantum Gravity," endeavors to provide a historical overview of the connection between general relativity and cosmology, two areas whose development has been closely intertwined.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.D(2015)·4 citations
27. 27*

    Minimal boson stars in 5 dimensions: classical instability and existence of ergoregions

    Yves Brihaye (Université de Mons, Belgium)🇧🇪 · Betti Hartmann (IFSC/USP, Brazil)🇧🇷

    We show that minimal boson stars, i.e. boson stars made out of scalar fields without self-interaction, are always classically unstable in 5 space-time dimensions. This is true for the non-rotating as well as rotating case with two equal angular momenta and in both Einstein and Gauss-Bonnet gravity, respectively, and contrasts with the 4-dimensional case, where classically stable minimal boson stars exist. We also discuss the appearance of ergoregions for rotating boson stars with two equal angular momenta. While rotating black holes typically possess an ergoregion, rotating compact objects without horizons such as boson stars have ergoregions only in a limited range of the parameter space. In this paper, we show for which values of the parameters these ergoregions appear and compare this with the case of standard Einstein gravity. We also point out that the interplay between Gauss-Bonnet gravity and rotation puts constraints on the behaviour of the space-time close to the rotation axis.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phClass.Quant.Grav.(2016)·11 citations
28. 28*

    Thick brane solitons breaking $Z_2$ symmetry

    Marzieh Peyravi🇮🇷 · Nematollah Riazi🇮🇷 · Francisco S.N. Lobo🇵🇹

    New soliton solutions for thick branes in 4 + 1 dimensions are considered in this article. In particular, brane models based on the sine-Gordon (SG), ${\phi }^4$ and ${\phi }^6$ scalar fields are investigated; in some cases $Z_2$ symmetry is broken. Besides, these soliton solutions are responsible for supporting and stabilizing the thick branes. In these models, the origin of the symmetry breaking resides in the fact that the modified scalar field potential may have non-degenerate vacuua and these non-degenerate vacuua determine the cosmological constant on both sides of the brane. At last, in order to explore the particle motion in the neighborhood of the brane, the geodesic equations along the fifth dimension are studied.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-th1 citation
29. 29*

    Stochastic method with low mode substitution for nucleon isovector matrix elements

    Yi-Bo Yang🇺🇸 · Andrei Alexandru🇺🇸 · Terrence Draper🇺🇸 · Ming Gong🇨🇳 · Keh-Fei Liu🇺🇸

    We introduce a stochastic sandwich method with low-mode substitution to evaluate the connected three-point functions. The isovector matrix elements of the nucleon for the axial-vector coupling $g_A^3$, scalar couplings $g_S^3$ and the quark momentum fraction $⟨x{⟩}_{u-d}$ are calculated with overlap fermion on 2+1 flavor domain-wall configurations on a $24^3\times 64$ lattice at $m_{\pi }=330$ MeV with lattice spacing $a=0.114$ fm.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2016)·44 citations
30. 30*

    Non-Thermal Corrections to Hawking Radiation Versus the Information Paradox

    Gia Dvali🇩🇪

    We provide a model-independent argument indicating that for a black hole of entropy N the non-thermal deviations from Hawking radiation, per each emission time, are of order 1/N, as opposed to exp(-N). This fact abolishes the standard a priory basis for the information paradox.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phFortsch.Phys.(2016)·61 citations

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