HEP Lattice·hep-lat

Tue·Sep 1, 2026Tuesday·September 1, 2026

15 papers—7 primary·8 cross-listed

01
Machine Learning Unveils Finite-volume Energy Shifts in Three-body System
Wei-Jie Zhang🇨🇳 · Zhenyu Zhang🇨🇳 · Jifeng Hu🇨🇳 · Bing-Nan Lu🇨🇳 · Jin-Yi Pang🇨🇳 · Qian Wang🇨🇳
Finite-volume extrapolation (FVE) is essential for extracting physical observables in the lattice calculation. While rigorous FVE formulations are well established for short-range potentials in both two- and three-body systems, long-range interactions with force ranges comparable to the lattice size $L$ remain challenging. Extending a previous data-driven scheme for two-body systems, we apply symbolic regression (PySR) to uncover universal three-body FVE formulae. For short-range potentials, we reproduce the two limiting cases, i.e. $κ_{3} ≫ κ_{2}$ and $κ_{3} \sim κ_{2}$ . For pure long-range potentials, we obtain a dedicated analytic expression, and after incorporating short-range contributions, we uncover a unified formula consistent with the original PySR solution, which performs excellently in the intermediate force range around 1 fm. This work demonstrates that combining machine learning with physical constraints can yield novel analytical results inaccessible to conventional theoretical tools, advancing data-driven methodologies in hadron physics.
hep-lathep-phnucl-th0 citations
02
Quantum Simulations of Two-Dimensional Non-Abelian Adjoint String Breaking
Anthony N. Ciavarella🇺🇸 · Roland de Putter🇺🇸 · Ed Younis🇺🇸 · Ermal Rrapaj🇺🇸
Quantum computers offer the potential to directly probe the dynamics of strongly coupled quantum field theories. As a step towards reaching this potential, local Krylov-based truncations of a pure SU(2) lattice gauge theory on a triangular lattice are constructed. Adjoint strings connected to dynamical gluons are constructed in this truncated theory, and the resonances dominating the long-term dynamics at a large value of the gauge coupling are determined. Local operators are constructed to identify string oscillations and breakings. This is used to perform a quantum simulation of adjoint string breaking on an $8 \times 8$ and $16 \times 8$ -site lattice with ibm_boston using all 156 qubits. Quantitative agreement with tensor network simulations is obtained for circuits with 7,634 CZ gates with a two-qubit gate depth of 218. In this simulation, the rates of oscillations and glueball production are identified with a distinctly non-Abelian signature of the underlying gauge group.
hep-latquant-ph2 citations
03
Detecting Multiple Phase Transitions in Lattice Systems with Intrinsic Dimensions
Jie Mei🇨🇳 · Tetsuo Hatsuda🇯🇵 · Mei Huang🇨🇳 · Lingxiao Wang🇯🇵
Lattice systems with multiple nearby transitions pose two related challenges: resolving distinct transition scales and identifying the degrees of freedom primarily associated with each transition. We show that the intrinsic dimension of Monte Carlo configuration ensembles, estimated by the two-nearest-neighbors method, provides a geometric diagnostic for both problems. In the two-dimensional $q$ -state clock model, the intrinsic dimension distinguishes the ordered, quasi-critical, and disordered regimes for both well-separated ( $q = 9$ ) and closely spaced ( $q = 5$ ) Berezinskii--Kosterlitz--Thouless transitions. In the $q = 5$ case, the intermediate phase appears as a broad low-dimensional valley even when energy and magnetization do not separately resolve the two transitions. In the four-dimensional $U (1)$ Higgs model, we introduce channel-decomposed intrinsic dimensions based on gauge-invariant plaquette and Higgs variables. The dominant response of each channel tracks transitions associated with the corresponding degrees of freedom, while the combined channel retains features of both. We further show that intrinsic dimensions evaluated directly on gauge-variant fields are dominated by gauge-orbit directions, demonstrating the importance of removing gauge redundancy before interpreting configuration-space geometry. These results establish channel-decomposed intrinsic dimension as a geometric probe of lattice systems with multiple transitions and motivate its application to disentangling deconfinement and chiral crossover scales in full QCD.
hep-latphysics.data-an0 citations
04
Symmetric Mass Generation for Domain-Wall Fermions
Sho Araki🇯🇵 · Hidenori Fukaya🇯🇵 · Tetsuya Onogi🇯🇵 · Satoshi Yamaguchi🇯🇵
We report the first numerical examination of symmetric mass generation (SMG) for domain-wall fermions. Our simulation on a two-dimensional Euclidean lattice computes the path-integral of the Fidkowski-Kitaev Majorana chain with two boundaries, corresponding to the two (physical and mirror) walls. We demonstrate by evaluating the lattice Dirac operator eigenvalue spectrum that the local four-Fermi interaction selectively gaps the edge fermions on the mirror wall while leaving the physical wall intact. We further identify a characteristic signature of SMG in the path-integral: the gap of the Dirac operator opens along the imaginary axis of the complex spectrum, in contrast to the standard mass shift in the real direction. The conventional hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm remains practical with reweighting the complex phase of the Pfaffian, which is found to be remarkably small throughout the simulation. These results provide a practical nonperturbative framework for interaction-induced mirror-fermion decoupling of lattice domain-wall fermions.
hep-latcond-mat.str-elhep-th0 citations
05
Bias-Corrected Machine-Learning Estimation of Chiral Condensate Cumulants: A Retrospective Lattice QCD Case Study
Benjamin J. Choi🇯🇵 · Hiroshi Ohno🇯🇵 · Akio Tomiya🇯🇵
We present a retrospective case study of bias-corrected machine learning (ML) estimates of traces of the inverse Dirac operator, $Tr M^{- n}$ ( $n = 1, 2, 3, 4$ ), using a fixed lattice QCD dataset and examining how the results depend on the relative proportions of the labeled and training sets. Two supervised learning approaches are examined: one using $Tr M^{- 1}$ as the input feature, and the other employing gauge observables such as the plaquette and rectangle. Beyond the direct estimation of $Tr M^{- n}$ , we further investigate two derived applications of the ML estimations: the evaluation of the cumulants of the chiral condensate within a single ensemble and that obtained through multi-ensemble reweighting across ensembles with different quark masses. Within this fixed dataset, the bias-corrected estimates show close agreement with the full-data reference under the adopted evaluation criteria, while the uncorrected estimates can exhibit amplified deviations after the nonlinear cumulant and reweighting steps. For the approach using $Tr M^{- 1}$ as the input feature, nominal solve-count accounting suggests that the Dirac-inversion cost could be reduced to approximately $25.75%$ of that of the conventional calculation in the present setup. This value is a cost projection rather than an end-to-end benchmark: it assumes comparable costs for successive inversions and excludes model-training and analysis overhead.
hep-lat0 citations
06
$D \to (K π)_{27}$ at the SU(3)-flavour-symmetric point I: Methodology and strong phase determination
Matthew Black🇬🇧 · Felix Erben🇨🇭 · Maxwell T. Hansen🇬🇧 · Fabian Joswig🇬🇧 · Nelson Pitanga Lachini🇬🇧 · Rajnandini Mukherjee🇬🇧 · Srijit Paul🇨🇾 · Antonin Portelli🇬🇧
We present part one of an SU(3)-flavour-symmetric lattice QCD calculation of the amplitude for a $D$ -meson decaying to a $K π$ final state in the 27-dimensional irreducible representation of the flavour symmetry group, denoted $(K π)_{27}$ . The Wilson--clover gauge ensembles used in this work, generated by the OpenLat collaboration, are tuned such that $M_{π} = M_{K} \approx 410 MeV$ . Using the distillation framework, we construct a matrix of Euclidean correlation functions from pairs of single-hadron operators projected to definite spatial momentum. Solving a generalised eigenvalue problem yields the finite-volume energy spectrum that is used to determine the scattering phase shift from threshold up to $4 M_{π} \approx 1640 MeV$ , which sits below but plausibly within reach of $M_{D}^{SU (3)} ≃ 1900 MeV$ . The calculation is performed across three lattice spacings, and we apply two strategies in which the continuum limit is taken at different stages of the computation: (i) on the extracted scattering parameters and (ii) on the finite-volume energies at fixed physical volume before extracting the scattering parameters. We find consistent results across these methods for the scattering phase shift as a function of the centre-of-mass energy, $δ_{27} (E_{cm})$ . Taking a scattering-length-only parametrisation, we infer a value for the strong phase of the weak decay, $δ_{27} (M_{D}^{SU (3)}) = - 38.4 (2.4)^{\circ}$ . We further describe the methodology for using the same operator basis to compute three-point correlation functions to extract $⟨(K π)_{27} ∣ H_{W} ∣ D ⟩$ , for the tree-level effective weak Hamiltonian $H_{W}$ , and for relating such finite-volume matrix elements to the full decay amplitude. The complete analysis leading to the latter will be presented in a forthcoming manuscript.
hep-lathep-ph0 citations
07
First-principles determination of anomaly-induced pion decay beyond the chiral limit
Tian Lin🇨🇳 · Xu Feng🇨🇳 · Lu-Chang Jin🇺🇸 · Chuan Liu🇨🇳 · Qi-Yuan Luo🇨🇳
The two-photon decay of the neutral pion is fixed in the chiral limit by the Adler-Bell-Jackiw anomaly, while nonzero quark masses induce few-percent corrections that must be determined for precision tests of QCD beyond the chiral limit. Using the anomalous PCAC relation, we compute them in lattice QCD as deviations from the exact anomaly condition at $q^{2} = 0$ , thereby avoiding both four-point functions and the cancellation of chiral logarithms that limits conventional approaches. Because the correction is proportional to the light-quark masses, both statistical and systematic uncertainties are correspondingly suppressed, making a precision calculation feasible. On two nearly-physical domain-wall ensembles we achieve $\sim 1%$ statistical precision each for the decay width, obtaining $Γ (π^{0} \to γ γ) = 8.09 (22) e V$ after continuum extrapolation. The $2.3 (1.4) %$ mass correction to the decay amplitude, positive and isospin-breaking dominated, provides the first ab initio confirmation of the $π^{0}$ - $η$ - $η^{'}$ mixing enhancement.
hep-lathep-exhep-ph0 citations
08
Determinant Quantum-Quantum Monte Carlo: Coherent Auxiliary-Field Sampling
Xuepeng Wang🇺🇸 · Sagnik Banerjee🇺🇸 · Debanjan Chowdhury🇺🇸
We introduce determinant quantum-quantum Monte Carlo (DQ $^{2}$ MC), a quantum algorithm that lifts the auxiliary-field sampling and averaging at the operational core of determinant quantum Monte Carlo onto a quantum computer. A determinant oracle synthesizes the DQMC amplitudes directly from a block encoding of the single-particle action matrix via quantum singular value transformations, so that the exponentially many Hubbard-Stratonovich weights are never enumerated, precomputed, or stored. Since the fermions are free for fixed auxiliary fields, the construction operates entirely at the single-particle level, requiring $O (lo g N_{st})$ system qubits and no Jordan-Wigner or Bravyi-Kitaev encoding, where $N_{st}$ is the space-time volume. A full-quantum protocol makes observables interference amplitudes, eliminating the Markov chain and its autocorrelation time altogether; a hybrid quantum-classical protocol retains a constant-size active block of qubits and replaces the Metropolis-Hastings acceptance step with an exact heat-bath draw, so that cluster updates of any size are rejection-free, and passes only classical information between updates, admitting parallel tempering and distributed execution across quantum processors. The circuit-depth scales more favorably with spatial volume than classical DQMC, at the price of a post-selection overhead determined exactly by the largest target probability --- polynomial for smooth distributions, exponential for sharply peaked ones. Finally, the reweighting estimator underlying the fermion sign problem maps exactly onto a quantum weak value, placing the exponential cost of sign-problematic DQMC in precise correspondence with the post-selection overhead of weak-value extraction.
↳ cond-mat.str-elcond-mat.stat-mechhep-latquant-ph0 citations
09
Towards power corrections in the factorization of baryon quasi-distribution amplitudes in LaMET
Yu-Ji Shi🇨🇳 · Jun Zeng🇨🇳
Light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) are essential to precision phenomenological studies. They can be accessed from lattice QCD through the large-momentum effective theory (LaMET) via quasi-distribution amplitudes (quasi-DAs). Factorization of quasi-DAs receive power corrections in inverse powers of the hadron momentum, including target-mass and higher-twist corrections. In this work, we present the first systematic analysis of such power corrections for the leading-twist baryon quasi-DA. Establishing the moment relation between the quasi-DA and the LCDA, we derive an exact closed-form relation that resums target-mass correction to all orders at leading twist. This result also applies to heavy baryons and to quasi-transverse-momentum-dependent distributions. We numerically assess these corrections for the $Λ$ baryon quasi-DA using existing lattice data, finding that the target-mass correction decreases rapidly with increasing baryon momentum and is almost negligible in the endpoint regions. In addition, we explicitly construct the next-to-leading-twist operators entering the quasi-DA factorization. Our results are a first step toward quantifying the power corrections in future lattice determinations of light or heavy baryon LCDAs.
↳ hep-phhep-lat0 citations
10
Local-nuclear-density dependent calculation of nucleon electromagnetic form factor ratios in finite nuclei
G. Ramalho🇰🇷 · K. Tsushima🇧🇷 · Myung-Ki Cheoun🇰🇷
We calculate the electromagnetic form factors of nucleons bound in finite nuclei and make predictions to the ratio between the electric ( $G_{E}^{*}$ ) and magnetic ( $G_{M}^{*}$ ) form factors in terms of the square of the four-momentum transfer $Q^{2}$ . We extend our previous constant-density calculations within the covariant spectator-QMC framework by incorporating the spatial nuclear density profiles of finite nuclei and quantify the deviations from the average-density approximation used in our previous applications. The impact of the medium effects can then be observed considering the ratio between $G_{E}^{*} / G_{M}^{*}$ and the ratio in free space $G_{E} / G_{M}$ , that define the proton electromagnetic double ratio associated with a given nucleus. The double ratio is expected to remove some systematic uncertainties. There is the expectation that ratios $G_{E}^{*} / G_{M}^{*}$ associated with the bound protons inside the nucleus will be measured in the near future in polarization-transfer experiments $(e A, e^{'} A^{'} p)$ . Anticipating future measurements on the subject, we make predictions for the double ratios, to be compared with the average measurements on the energy states of protons bound to nuclei. We consider the nuclei $^{12}$ C, $^{16}$ O and $^{40}$ Ca. We conclude that the form factors calculated using nuclear density profile function $ρ (r)$ are less suppressed than in the case of the results calculated using the average nuclear density. The results indicate that the relative importance of the low-density surface region increases with $Q^{2}$ , leading to a weaker suppression than that predicted by the average-density approximation. We also make predictions for the ratios associated with neutrons bound to nuclei.
↳ nucl-thhep-exhep-lathep-ph+10 citations
11
Latent Geometry and the Emergence of Lorentzian Time in Matrix Quantum Mechanics
Badis Ydri🇩🇿
We introduce \emph{latent geometry} in BFSS/BMN models. Before an emergent geometry evaporates at the geometric transition, large- $d$ Gaussianization encodes its information in the exceptional $N = 2$ sector selected by the baby fuzzy sphere, a single active spin- $1/2$ Pauli block. Dimensional reduction, finite- $N$ Gaussianization and exact Molien--Weyl projection transport this encoding to mass-deformed BFSS $_{2}$ . At $N = 2$ , the same stable BFSS $_{2}$ oscillator admits inequivalent unitary $H_{θ}^{2} = EAdS_{θ}^{2}$ and $dS_{θ}^{2}$ decodings, realizing spacetime transmutation and the emergence of Lorentzian time.
↳ hep-thgr-qchep-lathep-ph+20 citations
12
From Self-Dual to Physical $C P^{N - 1}$ : Anomalies, Boundary Stokes Phenomenon, and Global Structure of $θ$ -vacua
Yui Hayashi🇯🇵 · Mithat Ünsal🇺🇸
We introduce a two-coupling generalization of $C P^{N - 1}$ model that continuously interpolates between the self-dual ( $ϵ = 0$ ) and the physical ( $ϵ = g$ ) theories as a useful nonperturbative tool. At $ϵ \neq = g$ , this model possesses a chiral imbalance, which may be viewed as a real topological deformation (imaginary- $θ$ ). We demonstrate that exact quantum equivalence between first- and second-order formulations strictly requires a topological counterterm sourced by a bosonic chiral anomaly. Solving this deformed theory at large $N$ yields two primary results. First, we analytically determine the nonperturbative vacuum structure of the self-dual theory, a self-dual vacuum with a dynamically generated field-strength condensate. Second, we resolve a fundamental paradox where saddles with $(θ + 2 π n) \sim O (N)$ ( $n$ is branch number) spuriously yield lower energy densities than the physical ground state. Because the effective action possesses an essential singularity at $F = 0$ , we show that the Lefschetz thimble analysis must be generalized to include boundary thimbles. A boundary Stokes phenomenon renders the problematic saddles topologically inactive, fully restoring the validity of the large- $N$ expansion for strongly coupled theories.
↳ hep-thhep-lat0 citations
13
Meson gravitational D-form factors and symmetry breaking in low-energy QCD
Mamiya Kawaguchi🇺🇸 · Kazuhiro Tanaka🇯🇵 · Mitsuru Tanaka🇯🇵
We investigate meson gravitational D-form factors in the three-flavor linear sigma model and their connection to symmetry breaking in low-energy QCD. Within the scalar meson dominance picture, we examine the scalar meson exchange contributions and their relation to meson masses through scalar-meson couplings. In the three-flavor symmetric limit, we first derive analytical expressions for the D-form factors of pseudoscalar and scalar mesons. In the chiral limit, the forward-limit value of the octet pseudoscalar D-form factor is fixed to $- 1$ , whereas the $U (1)_{A}$ anomaly generates additional contributions to the singlet pseudoscalar and scalar-meson D-form factors. For realistic flavor breaking, the interaction introduced to reproduce the scalar-meson mass hierarchy below $1$ GeV significantly affects the scalar-meson D-form factors. We further compare the linear sigma model results with those obtained from a chiral perturbation theory Lagrangian including a dilatonic scalar field and show that their differences are governed by the canonical mass dimensions of the interaction terms contributing to meson mass generation. These results indicate that meson D-form factors provide sensitive probes of symmetry-breaking structures in low-energy hadron physics.
↳ hep-phhep-latnucl-th0 citations
14
Examples of Gribov copies in the presence of planar boundaries, and an emergent boundary gauge invariance in Yang-Mills theory
David Dudal🇧🇪 · Luigi Rosa🇮🇹 · Sebbe Stouten🇧🇪
First, we explicitly construct zero-modes of the Yang-Mills Faddeev-Popov operator in the presence of two parallel plates, with either perfect electric (PEC) or perfect magnetic (PMC) boundary conditions imposed. This establishes the existence of Gribov copies with finite action, and even finite L_2-norm, in Yang-Mills theory with non-trivial interfaces. We adapt Henyey's construction, although the boundary configuration imposes extra restrictions on the ansatz for the gauge field. Second, we discuss the phenomenon of an emergent boundary gauge invariance for PEC and PMC plates in Yang-Mills theory. This shall be important when applying the Gribov-Zwanziger procedure to parallel plate setups, of relevance for non-perturbatively studying the non-Abelian Casimir effect in the future.
↳ hep-thhep-lathep-ph0 citations
15
From Threshold Crossing to Wave-function Renormalization: Defining the Pion Mott Temperature in a Magnetic Field
Sidney S. Avancini🇧🇷 · Maximo Coppola🇦🇷 · Dyana C. Duarte🇧🇷 · Ricardo L. S. Farias🇧🇷 · Norberto N. Scoccola🇦🇷 · William R. Tavares🇵🇹
We investigate the dissociation of the neutral pion in hot magnetized quark matter within the two-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. At zero magnetic field, the Mott temperature is conventionally determined by $m_{π^{0}} (T_{Mott}) = 2 M (T_{Mott})$ , above which a real pole ceases to exist. At finite magnetic field, Landau quantization replaces this single threshold by a hierarchy of quark--antiquark continua and generates multiple solutions of the pion pole equation, rendering a direct threshold-crossing criterion ambiguous since a real pion solution below the lowest nominal threshold always exists. We therefore propose to define the magnetic Mott temperature through the inflection point of the pion wave-function renormalization factor $Z_{π^{0}} (T, e B)$ of that lowest pole, corresponding to the fastest loss of its spectral function strength. The prescription reproduces the conventional Mott temperature as $e B \to 0$ and tracks the chiral pseudocritical temperature for both constant and magnetic-field-dependent couplings. Our results characterize pion dissociation in a magnetic field as a spectral crossover rather than a simple threshold crossing.
↳ hep-phhep-lat0 citations

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