HEP Lattice·hep-lat

Wed·Aug 5, 2026Wednesday·August 5, 2026

6 papers—3 primary·3 cross-listed

01
Enthalpy-Based Thermal Response and Its Exact Relation to the Speed of Sound in Finite-Temperature QCD
S. D. Campos🇧🇷
A precise characterization of the QCD phase transition remains a fundamental open problem, primarily due to the intrinsically non-perturbative nature of the dynamics that govern the breakdown of We quantify the logarithmic thermal variation of the normalized enthalpy density in finite-temperature Quantum Chromodynamics using a dimensionless response thermal function, $H (T)$ . We establish an exact identity that links $H (T)$ to the speed of sound, $c_{s}^{2} (T)$ . Using continuum-extrapolated lattice Quantum Chromodynamics, Monte Carlo uncertainty propagation, and cubic spline interpolation, we extract a stable peak at $T_{peak} \approx 153.6 MeV$ ( $H_{peak} \approx 6.24$ ), which remains robust under changes in the smoothing parameter $s$ . By contrast, $H (T) = 0$ for the MIT Bag Model despite its non-vanishing trace anomaly. We highlight $H (T)$ as an effective diagnostic of the QCD crossover and discuss its limitations for universal critical scaling at zero chemical potential.
hep-lathep-phhep-th0 citations
02
The Momentum Fraction, Helicity and Transversity Isovector Moments of Nucleons from $2 + 1$ -flavor Lattice QCD
Santanu Mondal🇮🇳 · Rajan Gupta🇺🇸 · Sungwoo Park🇺🇸 · Jun-sik Yoo🇰🇷 · Tanmoy Bhattacharya🇺🇸 · Boram Yoon🇺🇸 · Bálint Joó🇺🇸 · Frank Winter🇺🇸
Results for the isovector momentum fraction, $⟨ x ⟩_{u - d}$ , helicity moment, $⟨ x ⟩_{Δ u - Δ d}$ , and the transversity moment, $⟨ x ⟩_{δ u - δ d}$ , of the nucleon are presented using high-statistics data on thirteen NME ensembles of gauge configurations generated by the JLab/W\&M/LANL/MIT/Marseille collaborations using $2 + 1$ -flavors of dynamical Wilson-clover quarks. The much higher statistics facilitated better control over all systematics compared to our previous lattice calculation. The least controlled systematic---excited-state contamination---is quantified by studying the variation of the results as a function of three estimates of the mass gap of the first excited state, obtained from two- and three-point correlation functions. The final results are obtained using a simultaneous fit to extrapolate in the lattice spacing, $a$ , pion and kaon masses, $M_{π}$ and $M_{K}$ , and the finite volume parameter, $M_{π} L$ . The data show no significant finite-volume correction, and some dependence on the lattice spacing and the renormalization factors. The largest systematic uncertainty is due to possible remaining excited states contributions. Our final results, in the $MS$ scheme at 2~GeV, are $⟨ x ⟩_{u - d} = 0.154 (10) (9)$ , $⟨ x ⟩_{Δ u - Δ d} = 0.177 (10) (15)$ and $⟨ x ⟩_{δ u - δ d} = 0.197 (12) (18)$ , where the first error is the overall statistical uncertainty and the second represents the various systematic uncertainties added in quadrature. Results for the momentum fraction and helicity moment are consistent with phenomenological global fit values, while the transversity moment is a prediction.
hep-latnucl-th0 citations
03
A first look at Structured-Multiscale Algebraic Multigrid for Lattice Field Theory
Pauline Schauerte🇩🇪 · Jaime Fabián Nieto Castellanos🇩🇪 · Arnold Krechel🇩🇪 · Marc Alexander Schweitzer🇩🇪 · Stefan Krieg🇩🇪
State-of-the-art solvers for the Dirac equation in Lattice QCD are based on adaptive multigrid methods. These require fine-tuning of many algorithmic parameters to achieve optimal performance. We apply a new multigrid approach to Lattice Field Theory adapted from oil-reservoir simulations: Structured-Multiscale Algebraic Multigrid (SM-AMG). This method builds compact aggregates with overlapping borders to coarsen the grid and yields accurate interpolation. A key advantage is that aggregate size is the primary tunable parameter. For our results, we used SM-AMG in an algebraic approach, called Aggregative-Multiscale AMG (AM-AMG). We benchmark the efficiency of AM-AMG against that of DD $α$ AMG, a successful adaptive multigrid solver which alleviates critical slowing down. The two solvers are compared within the framework of the two-flavor Schwinger model using the Wilson discretization. On fine lattices, the operation count of both methods is similar near the critical point and for large volumes, reflecting a comparable computational cost. However, the number of fine-grid iterations is larger for AM-AMG. On coarse lattices, AM-AMG encounters difficulties to remove the low modes close to the critical mass.
hep-lat0 citations
04
Fermionic Villain model with exact lattice chiral symmetries
Zhiyao Lu🇺🇸 · Shu-Heng Shao🇺🇸
We present a fermionic lattice Hamiltonian that exactly realizes the $U (1)_{L} \times U (1)_{R}$ global symmetry and the associated chiral anomalies of a massless Dirac fermion in 1+1 dimensions. The construction couples Villain bosons to a Kitaev chain of Majorana fermions, where the bosonic fields are essential for evading Nielsen-Ninomiya-type no-go theorems. For two copies of our model, we realize the anomaly-free $U (1)_{3450}$ global symmetry and construct symmetric boundary conditions. We analytically demonstrate symmetric mass generation by mapping the symmetry-preserving six-fermion interactions to fermion bilinear terms using fermionic T-duality. Finally, by gauging general anomaly-free global symmetries, we obtain a broad class of lattice chiral gauge theories. As nontrivial applications, we compute the mass spectra of the lattice Schwinger model and the 3450 gauge theory, finding agreement with the corresponding continuum results.
↳ hep-thcond-mat.str-elhep-lat2 citations
05
Dynamic Induction of Lattice Gauge Theories on a Quantum Computer
Barbara Andrade🇪🇸 · Declan Millar · Lewis Anderson🇬🇧 · Vincent R. Pascuzzi🇺🇸 · Maciej Lewenstein🇪🇸 · Ivano Tavernelli🇨🇭 · Jad C. Halimeh🇩🇪 · Tobias Grass🇪🇸
Gauge invariance is central to modern physics and underpins quantum simulations of lattice gauge theories (LGTs). Existing quantum simulation approaches employ Gauss's law either to energetically suppress gauge-violating processes in analog platforms or to detect and discard gauge-violating outcomes in digital devices. Here we introduce a third paradigm, in which Gauss's law is used to dynamically generate the gauge theory itself from a substantially simpler Hamiltonian. Starting from a readily programmable three-body XXX model, we employ experimentally efficient single-qubit U(1) gauge symmetry-generator terms that induce the dynamics of a U(1) LGT. We implement this approach using 101 qubits on a 156-qubit IBM quantum processor and observe real-time dynamics in quantitative agreement with the target LGT while reducing the entangling-gate depth per Trotter step by a factor of five compared with a direct implementation. Our results establish gauge protection as a resource for Hamiltonian engineering rather than merely symmetry preservation, opening a scalable resource-efficient route towards digital quantum simulations of increasingly complex gauge theories in higher spatial dimensions.
↳ quant-phcond-mat.quant-gashep-lat1 citation
06
The Utility of Sparse Error Detection in Quantum Simulations
Henry Froland🇺🇸 · Dorota M. Grabowska🇺🇸 · Sebastian Grieninger🇺🇸 · Jeremy Hartse🇺🇸 · Anne L. Lashbrook · Zhiyao Li🇺🇸 · Ziyuan Li · Sarah J. M. Powell · Martin J. Savage🇺🇸 · Xiaojun Yao🇺🇸 · Nikita A. Zemlevskiy🇺🇸
The recent success of error detecting codes points toward their potential application to fault-tolerant simulations of nature. In this work, we examine the utility of sparse error detection for simulating lattice gauge theories using quantum computers. In particular, we study the time evolution of the lattice Schwinger model embedded into the Iceberg code family, $[[N + 2, N, 2]]$ , as well as the Hypercube code family, $[[2^{N}, N, 2]]$ . The lattice of electrons and positrons in the axial gauge is embedded into a single code block or into multiple code blocks, and this work finds that large codeblocks are advantageous in the absence of connectivity constraints. Noisy classical simulations with realistic near-term error rates, infrequent syndrome measurements and physics-aware postselection are found to improve observable estimation. Under realistic noise rates for near-term quantum computers, this work finds that sparse error detection in quantum simulations has the potential to improve accuracy of observable estimation. Additional rounds of error detection are found to systematically drive errors in observables to the noise floor set by the code. These findings suggest that incorporating minimal implementations of fault tolerance in the near-term will enhance the performance of quantum simulations in nuclear physics and high-energy physics.
↳ quant-phhep-lathep-phnucl-th2 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE

Enthalpy-Based Thermal Response and Its Exact Relation to the Speed of Sound in Finite-Temperature QCD

The Momentum Fraction, Helicity and Transversity Isovector Moments of Nucleons from 2+1-flavor Lattice QCD

A first look at Structured-Multiscale Algebraic Multigrid for Lattice Field Theory

Fermionic Villain model with exact lattice chiral symmetries

Dynamic Induction of Lattice Gauge Theories on a Quantum Computer

The Utility of Sparse Error Detection in Quantum Simulations

Affiliations

The Momentum Fraction, Helicity and Transversity Isovector Moments of Nucleons from $2 + 1$ -flavor Lattice QCD