Indirect detection of unstable heavy dark matter

Abstract

Unstable relics with lifetime longer than the age of the Universe could be the dark matter today. Electrons, photons and neutrinos are a natural outcome of their decay and could be searched for in cosmic rays and in $\gamma$-ray and neutrino detectors. I compare the sensitivities of these three types of searches to the mass and lifetime of a generic unstable particle. I show that if the relics constitute our galactic halo and their branching ratios into electron-positrons, photons and neutrinos are comparable, neutrino searches would probe the longest lifetimes for masses $\text{simge}40\text{TeV}$, while electron-positron searches would be better but more uncertain for lighter particles. If instead the relics are not clustered in our halo, neutrinos are more sensitive a probe than $\gamma$-rays for masses $\text{simge}700\text{GeV}$. A $1\text{sqkm}$ neutrino telescope should be able to explore lifetimes up to $\sim 10^{30}\sec$ while searching for neutrinos from unstable particles above the atmospheric background.

Comments: 11pp, 1 figure available on request, PHYZZX, Uppsala U. PT17-1992