Effect of Neutrino Heating on Primordial Nucleosynthesis

Abstract

We have modified the standard code for primordial nucleosynthesis to include the effect of the slight heating of neutrinos by $e^{\pm }$ annihilations. There is a small, systematic change in the ${}^4$He yield, $\Delta Y\simeq +1.5\times 10^{-4}$, which is insensitive to the value of the baryon-to-photon ratio $\eta$ for $10^{-10}\text{la}\eta \text{la}10^{-9}$. We also find that the baryon-to-photon ratio decreases by about 0.5\% less than the canonical factor of 4/11 because some of the entropy in $e^{\pm }$ pairs is transferred to neutrinos. These results are in accord with recent analytical estimates.

Comments: 14 pages/4 Figs (upon request)