Endothermic dark matter with a light dark photon and the LUX--ZEPLIN high-energy nuclear-recoil candidate

Abstract

The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment has reported a single nuclear-recoil candidate at $E_{\mathrm{nr}}=248\pm 23_{\mathrm{stat}}\pm 23_{\mathrm{sys}}\mathrm{keV}$. We investigate whether this event can be explained by endothermic inelastic dark matter coupled to a kinetically mixed dark photon, while reproducing the observed dark-matter relic abundance. Performing a global scan of the five model parameters, combining an energy-only recast of the LZ high-energy likelihood with a relic-density likelihood, we find a preferred region with TeV-scale dark matter masses, mass splittings of a few hundred keV, and a GeV-scale dark photon. The high recoil energy requires the splitting to lie close to the kinematic threshold, so that the signal is supplied by the high-velocity tail of the halo, while the secluded annihilation mechanism fixes the dark gauge coupling, largely independently of the kinetic mixing. The benchmark point predicts $1$ accepted event at the candidate energy with $\Omega h^2=0.120$. The preferred splittings are below the $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ threshold, closing the fastest decay channels and leaving a long-lived excited state. Its surviving population is subject to stringent cosmological constraints from energy injection and can also produce an additional exothermic scattering signal, making the late-time abundance an important consistency condition for the minimal model. A dimension-five transition dipole provides a simple way to efficiently deplete ${\chi }_2$ without modifying either the relic abundance or the endothermic LZ signal. The corresponding light-dark-photon scenario remains testable in accelerator searches, including future LHCb, Belle II, and SHiP experiments.

Comments: 11 pages, 3 figures, 1 table