Light-front diagnostics in the 't Hooft model: I. Wave functions, EMT decomposition, and the diagonal GPD overlap

Abstract

I examine how the longitudinal light-front wave function of a meson encodes forward energy-momentum tensor (EMT) structure and the diagonal part of an off-forward generalized parton distribution in the large-$N_c$ 't~Hooft model. Light-light, equal-mass reference, heavy-light, and heavy-heavy systems are compared through their momentum distributions, differential entropy, bilocal Coulomb kernel, and forward mass-squared decomposition. An independent sine-basis calculation confirms the light-light spectrum despite the slow convergence of the sine representation. For equal constituent masses, the second moment obtained from the exact diagonal overlap has no term linear in the asymmetric skewness variable $b$, while its regular $b^2$ and $b^3$ coefficients are equal and determined by a universal kinematic contribution and a weighted wave-function gradient norm. At the equal-mass reference point, corresponding to $\beta =1/2$, the boundary expansion becomes resonant and generates a $b^4{\ln }^2(1/b)$ nonanalyticity, identifying the precise limitation of the diagonal two-body overlap. The companion Part II analysis constructs the ERBL completion required to cancel this support-dependent nonanalyticity and restore the analyticity of the local EMT moment.

Comments: 16 pages 5 figures