Muon-induced di-tau production as a probe of new physics

Abstract

The muon trident process, which involves coherent scattering to produce tau pairs, is a powerful tool for constraining dark sectors. We propose to explore this channel using future high-energy muon beams with the dedicated active-target detector, High-Energy Muon Electronic Research Apparatus (HEMERA). The detector would complement muon beam-dump searches by resolving prompt signatures and could operate from preparatory facilities involving an individual muon beam of the full Muon Collider. We illustrate its capabilities for a leptophilic scalar with Yukawa-like couplings that can mediate thermal dark matter production. With $10^{18}$ incident TeV-scale muons, even a compact 10 kg silicon-based HEMERA will extend current $B$-factory and $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ bounds by over an order of magnitude in coupling strength. In the leptophilic thermal dark matter paradigm, this search offers a way to probe dark sector targets beyond the neutrino floor of dark matter direct detection. This provides an additional compelling motivation for the development of high-energy muon beam infrastructure.

Comments: 13 pages, 6 figures; v2: updated Fig. 6 and related discussion with dark matter direct detection bounds