Multimessenger search strategy for composite dark matter with white dwarf data and gravitational wave detectors

Abstract

The nature of dark matter (DM) remains one of the most challenges in modern physics. Composite or macroscopic DM present a compelling alternative to conventional particle DM, yet their terrestrial search is notoriously challenging due to low number density. This Letter presents a unified, multimessenger search strategy for composite DM, dramatically improving existing constraints and proposing a new detection method. We first perform a model independent update of astrophysical constraints from compact objects, utilizing systematic calculations and additional white dwarf data related to ignition and subsequent supernovae. Crucially, for the first time, we explore novel signals of composite DM in future gravitational wave detectors like LISA, TianQin, and Taiji, performing detailed signal to noise ratio and Fisher matrix analyses. We demonstrate that these detectors will possess the requisite sensitivity to probe untouched regions of the DM parameter space. Our results underscore the unique power of the multimessenger paradigm spanning stellar astrophysics and gravitational wave astronomy to explore this distinct and challenging frontier of DM physics. Our analyses extend broadly to a wide range of macroscopic or composite DM scenarios.

Comments: Accepted version for Physical Review D