Model-independent late-universe measurements of $H_0$ and ${\Omega }_K$ with the parametrization based on cosmic age-improved inverse distance ladder

Abstract

The standard $\Lambda \mathrm{CDM}$ model has encountered serious challenges and the $H_0$ tension has become more significant with increasingly precise cosmological observations. Meanwhile, inconsistencies in measurements of the curvature parameter ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{K}}$ between different datasets also have emerged. In this work, we employ two global and cosmic age-based parameterizations, PAge and MAPAge, to perform model-independent measurements of the Hubble constant $H_0$ and ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{K}}$ by utilizing the inverse distance ladder (IDL). To construct the PAge-improved IDL, we utilize the strong gravitational lensing (SGL), cosmic chronometers (CC), and gamma ray bursts (GRB) data to calibrate the latest DESI DR2 baryon acoustic oscillation and DESY5 or DES-Dovekie type Ia supernova data. Our analysis indicates that DESI+DES-Dovekie+SGL+CC+GRB gives $H_0=72.20\pm 1.00\mathrm{km}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}{\mathrm{Mpc}}^{-1}$ in the MAPAge model, reducing the $H_0$ tension to the $0.6\sigma$ level. Extending to the MAPAge$+{\Omega }_{\mathrm{K}}$ model, we obtain ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{K}}=0.005\pm 0.037$, which suggests that current late-time data are consistent with a flat universe. Finally, the Bayesian analysis indicates that the present late-universe data provide weak to moderate evidence in favor of PAge and MAPAge relative to $\Lambda \mathrm{CDM}$.

Comments: 10 pages, 2 figures; accepted for publication in Physical Review D as a Letter