No room for minimal monopole dark matter

Abstract

The magnetic monopole of a dark sector has been advocated as an appealing dark matter candidate. We revisit the computation of the monopole abundance ${\Omega }_M$, generated by a thermal phase transition in the minimal 't Hooft-Polyakov model. We explore the three regimes where the phase transition is second order, weakly first order, or supercooled, identifying the parameter space regions where ${\Omega }_M$ can match the observed dark matter abundance. However, the dark sector necessarily contains a stable electrically-charged particle, namely a massive vector boson, with a calculable abundance ${\Omega }_{W^{\prime }}$. We show that, under minimal assumptions, ${\Omega }_{W^{\prime }}$ is always far larger than ${\Omega }_M$: dark monopoles cannot constitute a sizeable fraction of dark matter.

Comments: Published version; 12 pages, 6 figures