Enhanced extragalactic photon flux by PBH in a stimulated axion/ALP decay scenario

Abstract

In this work, we show that stimulated decay of axions or axion-like particles in black hole superradiance is an efficient way to find and hunt primordial black holes. When de Broglie's wavelength of the axion/ALP is comparable or larger than the black hole horizon radius, a large population of such particles accumulates in the surroundings of the black hole. When these axions/ALPs couple to photons, the bosonic cloud decays into photon pairs, generating intense stimulated radiation emission that contributes to the X-ray, visible light, and radio wave background flux that can exceed current observational limits measured at Earth. If the masses are in the interval of $10^{-3}\mathrm{eV}<\mu <1\mathrm{eV}$, to be consistent with current observations of microwave background light, we found that the fraction of primordial black holes should be smaller than $f_{PBH}<10^{-17}$ for PBHs with masses within $10^{-13}{M}_{\odot }<M_{BH}<10^{-7}{M}_{\odot }$.