$\mu$LHC: Antimuon Ring and HL-LHC based ${\mu }^{+}p$ Collider

Abstract

Conceptual design and performance evaluation of HL-LHC based antimuon-proton collider ($\mu$LHC) are presented. Leveraging the $\mu$TRISTAN concept based on established J-PARC ultra-cold ${\mu }^{+}$ beam technology, $\mu$LHC will give the opportunity to achieve a 5.3 TeV center-of-mass energy, significantly surpassing EIC and LHeC. Two booster ring options for ${\mu }^{+}$ acceleration, namely, a $\mu$TRISTAN-based and a repurposed LHeC ERL-based systems, are explored. Achievable luminosities are predicted to exceed $10^{33}c{m}^{-2}{s}^{-1}$. The $\mu$LHC offers substantially wider kinematic plane coverage, particularly in small-x and high-$Q^2$ regions, significantly contributing to QCD basics and Higgs boson properties. Its unique potential for BSM physics extends to muon-related phenomena like excited muons, color-octet muons, leptoquarks, and contact interactions. A possible detector concept is also outlined. Given the maturity of ultra-cold ${\mu }^{+}$ beam technology, $\mu$LHC is highly feasible for earlier realization than the muon collider, positioning it as a critical tool for the future of high energy physics.

Comments: 22 pages, 16 figures, 6 tables Comments for version 2: We noticed some calculation errors in Figures 3 and 7. Resulting from the simulation errors, muon survival rates have been underestimated. Figures 3 and 7, Tables 1, 3, 4 and 6 are replaced by correct ones