Effects of heavy quarks in the dipole cross section with the KLN model

Abstract

The dipole cross-section behavior for protons and nuclei is analyzed with and without considering the heavy quark masses in the Bjorken variable $x$ using the Kharzeev-Levin-Nardi (KLN) model of low $x$ gluon distributions. The Color Glass Condensate (CGC) effects in the color dipole model are influenced by the heavy quark masses in the Bjorken variable $x$ at $Q^2<Q_s^2$. These non-linear saturation effects will be observable in the LHeC and EIC at very small $x$ values.