Gamma-rays and neutrinos from supernovae of Type Ib/c with late time emission

Abstract

Observations of some supernovae (SNe), such as SN 2014C, in the X-ray and radio wavebands revealed a rebrightening over a timescale of about a year since their detection. Such a discovery hints towards the evolution of a hydrogen-poor SN of Type Ib/c into a hydrogen-rich SN of Type IIn, the late time activity being attributed to the interaction of the SN ejecta with a dense hydrogen-rich circumstellar medium (CSM) far away from the stellar core. We compute the neutrino and gamma-ray emission from these SNe, considering interactions between the shock accelerated protons and the non-relativistic CSM protons. Assuming three CSM models inspired by recent electromagnetic observations, we explore the dependence of the expected multi-messenger signals on the CSM characteristics. The detection prospects of existing and upcoming gamma-ray (Fermi-LAT and Cerenkov Telescope Array) and neutrino (IceCube and IceCube-Gen2) telescopes are also outlines. Our findings are in agreement with the non-detection of neutrinos and gamma-rays from past SNe exhibiting late time emission. Nevertheless, the detection prospects of SNe with late time emission in gamma-rays and neutrinos with the Cerenkov Telescope Array and IceCube-Gen2 (Fermi-LAT and IceCube) are promising and could potentially provide new insight into the CSM properties, if the SN burst should occur within $10$ Mpc ($4$ Mpc).

Comments: Accepted for publication in PRD. KM3NeT/ARCA sensitivity is dropped from Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. Appendix added