Heavy Quark Diffusion from 2+1 Flavor Lattice QCD with 320 MeV Pion Mass

Abstract

We present the first calculations of the heavy flavor diffusion coefficient using lattice QCD with light dynamical quarks. For temperatures $195\mathrm{MeV}<T<352\mathrm{MeV}$, the heavy quark spatial diffusion coefficient is found to be significantly smaller than previous quenched lattice QCD and recent phenomenological estimates. The result implies very fast hydrodynamization of heavy quarks in the quark-gluon plasma created during ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collision experiments.