Laboratory-frame tests of quantum entanglement in $H\to WW$

Abstract

Quantum entanglement between the two $W$ bosons resulting from the decay of a Higgs boson may be investigated in the dilepton channel $H\to WW\to \ell \nu \ell \nu$ using laboratory-frame observables that only involve the charged leptons $\ell =e,\mu$. The dilepton invariant mass distribution, already measured by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations at the LHC, can be used to observe the quantum entanglement of the $WW$ pair with a statistical sensitivity of $7\sigma$ with Run 2 data, and of $6\sigma$ when including theoretical systematics. As a by-product, the relation between $W$ rest frame (four-dimensional) angular distributions, $H\to WW$ decay amplitudes, and spin correlation coefficients, is written down.

Comments: LaTeX 7 pages. Added some discussions and an estimation of theoretical uncertainties. Final version published in PRD, with a typo fixed