Gauge origin of double dark parity and implication for dark matter

Abstract

Dark matter must be stabilized over the cosmological timescale, which demands the existence of a stabilizing symmetry, derived by a dark charge, $D$. The existence of this dark charge may affect the quantization of electric charge, which theoretically shifts the electric charge, thus the hypercharge to a novel gauge extension, $SU(3{)}_C\otimes SU(2{)}_L\otimes U(1{)}_Y\otimes U(1{)}_N$, where $N$ determines $D=T_3+N$, similar to $Q=T_3+Y$. New observation of this work is that the dark charge is broken down to two kinds of dark parity, $Z_2$ and $Z_2^{\prime }$, which subsequently imply three scenarios of dark matter. The relic density and direct detection for the scenario of two-component dark matter are investigated in detail.

Comments: 18 pages, 3 figures