Interpreting machine learning functions as physical observables

Abstract

We propose to interpret machine learning functions as physical observables, opening up the possibility to apply "standard" statistical-mechanical methods to outputs from neural networks. This includes histogram reweighting and finite-size scaling, to analyse phase transitions quantitatively. In addition we incorporate predictive functions as conjugate variables coupled to an external field within the Hamiltonian of a system, allowing to induce order-disorder phase transitions in a novel manner. A noteworthy feature of this approach is that no knowledge of the symmetries in the Hamiltonian is required.

Comments: 8 pages, contribution to the 38th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, 26th-30th July 2021, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA