$CP$ asymmetry in the angular distribution of $\tau \to K_S\pi {\nu }_{\tau }$ decays

Abstract

In this work, we study the $CP$ asymmetry in the angular distribution of $\tau \to K_S\pi {\nu }_{\tau }$ decays, taking into account the known $CP$ violation in $K^0-{\bar{K}}^0$ mixing. It is pointed out for the first time that, once the well-measured $CP$ violation in the neutral kaon system is invoked, a non-zero $CP$ asymmetry would appear in the angular observable of the decays considered, even within the Standard Model. By employing the reciprocal basis, which is most convenient when a $K_{S(L)}$ is involved in the final state, the $CP$-violating angular observable is derived to be two times the product of the time-dependent $CP$ asymmetry in $K\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ and the mean value of the angular distribution in ${\tau }^{\pm }\to K^0({\bar{K}}^0){\pi }^{\pm }{\bar{\nu }}_{\tau }({\nu }_{\tau })$ decays. Compared with the Belle results measured in four different bins of the $K\pi$ invariant mass, our predictions lie within the margins of these measurements, except for a $1.7\sigma$ deviation for the lowest mass bin. While being below the current Belle detection sensitivity that is of $\mathcal{O}(10^{-3})$, our predictions are expected to be detectable at the Belle II experiment, where $\sqrt{70}$ times more sensitive results will be obtained with a $50{\text{ab}}^{-1}$ data sample.

Comments: 23 pages, 3 figures, and 2 tables; minor corrections, final version published in the journal