Production of ${\Lambda }_c$ baryons at the LHC within the $k_T$-factorization approach and independent parton fragmentation picture

Abstract

We calculate cross section for production of $D$ mesons and ${\Lambda }_c$ baryons in proton-proton collisions at the LHC. The cross section for production of $c\bar{c}$ pairs is calculated within $k_T$-factorization approach with the Kimber-Martin-Ryskin unintegrated gluon distributions obtained on the basis of modern collinear gluon distribution functions. We show that our approach well describes the $D^0$, $D^{+}$ and $D_s$ experimental data. We try to understand recent ALICE and LHCb data for ${\Lambda }_c$ production with the $c\to {\Lambda }_c$ independent parton fragmentation approach. The Peterson fragmentation functions are used. The $f_{c\to {\Lambda }_c}$ fragmentation fraction and ${\epsilon }_c^{\Lambda }$ parameter for $c\to {\Lambda }_c$ are varied. As a control plot we show transverse momentum distribution of different species of $D$ mesons assuming standard values of the $f_{c\to D}$ fragmentation fractions known from the literature. The fraction $f_{c\to {\Lambda }_c}$ neccessary to describe the ALICE data is much larger than the average value obtained from $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ or $ep$ experiments. No drastic modification of the shape of fragmentation function is allowed by the new ALICE and LHCb data for ${\Lambda }_c$ production. We also discuss a possible dependence of the ${\Lambda }_c/D^0$ baryon-to-meson ratio on rapidity and transverse momentum as seems observed recently by the ALICE and LHCb collaborations. Three different effects are considered: the value of ${\epsilon }_c^{\Lambda }$ parameter in Peterson fragmentation function for $c\to {\Lambda }_c$, a kinematical effect related to the hadronization prescription and a possible feed-down from higher charmed-baryon excitations. It seems very difficult, if not impossible, to understand the ALICE data within the considered independent parton fragmentation scheme.

Comments: 15 pages, 7 figures