Dark Revelations of the $[SU(3){]}^3$ and $[SU(3){]}^4$ Gauge Extensions of the Standard Model

Abstract

Two theoretically well-motivated gauge extensions of the standard model are $SU(3{)}_C\times SU(3{)}_L\times SU(3{)}_R$ and $SU(3{)}_q\times SU(3{)}_L\times SU(3{)}_l\times SU(3{)}_R$, where $SU(3{)}_q$ is the same as $SU(3{)}_C$ and $SU(3{)}_l$ is its color leptonic counterpart. Each as three variations, according to how $SU(3{)}_R$ is broken. It is shown here for the first time that a built-in dark $U(1{)}_D$ gauge symmetry exists in all six versions, and may be broken to discrete $Z_2$ dark parity. The available dark matter candidates in each case include fermions, scalars, as well as {\it vector gauge bosons}. This work points to the unity of matter with dark matter, the origin of which is not {\it ad hoc}.

Comments: 12 pages, no figure