Competition and duality correspondence between chiral and superconducting channels in (2+1)-dimensional four-fermion models with fermion number and chiral chemical potentials

Abstract

In this paper the duality correspondence between fermion-antifermion and difermion interaction channels is established in two (2+1)-dimensional Gross-Neveu type models with a fermion number chemical potential $\mu$ and a chiral chemical potential ${\mu }_5$. The role and influence of this property on the phase structure of the models are investigated. In particular, it is shown that the chemical potential ${\mu }_5$ promotes the appearance of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking, whereas the chemical potential $\mu$ contributes to the emergence of superconductivity.

Comments: version accepted for publication in PRD; discussion added in Introduction, sect. III A and sect. IV B 1; new references added; 20 pages, 10 figures