The $2\pi$ Subsystem in Diffractively Produced ${\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ at COMPASS

Abstract

The COMPASS experiment at CERN has collected a large dataset of $50$ million ${\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ events produced diffractively from a proton target using a $190\mathrm{GeV}/c$ pion beam. The partial-wave analysis (PWA) of these high-precision data reveals previously unseen details but is limited in parts by systematic effects. The PWA is based on the isobar model, in which multi-particle decays are described as a chain of subsequent two-body decays. Here, fixed mass distributions for the appearing intermediate resonances, the so-called isobars, are assumed. These shapes, which e.g. may be parametrized by Breit-Wigner amplitudes, represent prior knowledge that has to be put into the analysis model and may therefore introduce a model dependence, thus increasing systematic uncertainties. We present a novel method, which allows to extract isobar amplitudes directly from the data in a more model-independent way. As a first application, diffractively produced ${\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ events are analyzed. Here, the focus lies in particular on the scalar ${\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ subsystem, where in a previous analysis a signal for a new axial-vector state $a_1(1420)$ was found in the $f_0(980)\pi$ decay mode.