Origin of fermion masses without spontaneous symmetry breaking

Abstract

Using a simple three dimensional lattice four-fermion model we argue that massless fermions can become massive due to interactions without the need for any spontaneous symmetry breaking. Using large scale Monte Carlo calculations within our model, we show that this non-traditional mass generation mechanism occurs at a second order quantum critical point that separates phases with the same symmetries. Universality then suggests that the new origin for the fermion mass should be of wide interest.

Comments: 11 pages, 20 figures (5 pages, 7 figures in the main paper and 6 pages, 13 figures in the supplementary material)