Bloch Wave Function for the Periodic Sphaleron Potential and Unsuppressed Baryon and Lepton Number Violating Processes

Abstract

For the periodic sphaleron potential in the electroweak theory, we find the one-dimensional time-independent Schrödinger equation with the Chern-Simons number as the coordinate, construct the Bloch wave function and determine the corresponding conducting (pass) band structure. We show that the baryon-lepton number violating processes can take place without the exponential tunneling suppression (at zero temperature) at energies around and above the barrier height (sphaleron energy) at 9.0 TeV. Phenomenologically, probable detection of such processes at LHC is discussed.

Comments: 35 pages, 9 figures; explanation improved, appendix added, references added