A Confining Model for Charmonium and New Gauge Invariant Field Equations

Abstract

We discuss a confining model for charmonium in which the attractive force are derived from a new type of gauge field equation with a generalized $S{U}_3$ gauge symmetry. The new gauge transformations involve non-integrable phase factors with vector gauge functions ${\text{om}}_{\mu }^a(x)$. These transformations reduce to the usual $S{U}_3$ gauge transformations in the special case ${\text{om}}_{\mu }^a(x)={\text{p}}_{\mu }{\xi }^a(x)$. Such a generalized gauge symmetry leads to the fourth-order equations for new gauge fields and to the linear confining potentials. The fourth-order field equation implies that the corresponding massless gauge boson has non-definite energy. However, the new gauge boson is permanently confined in a quark system by the linear potential. We use the empirical potentials of the Cornell group for charmonium to obtain the coupling strength $f^2/(4\pi )\approx 0.19$ for the strong interaction. Such a confining model of quark dynamics could be compatible with perturbation. The model can be applied to other quark-antiquark systems.

Comments: 6 pages